Njengoko ngaphambili wabiza Moluccas?

Moluccas - ngokwenene kwiparadesi esemhlabeni, ebonakala ngemvelo zantle ukwahluka yayo yonke. Imbonakalo Moluccas abelwe a unique, abayinqobo kuphela ubuhle kwezi ndawo: iindawo amahle, ziingxinano nzulu nangokuzola, izixhobo, intaba kumathambeka ngamahlathi evergreen ashinyeneyo.

Njengoko ngaphambili wabiza Moluccas?

Ise-Malay Archipelago (inxalenye yayo empuma), phakathi kwisiqithi Sulawesi kunye New Guinea, ngaphambili intsimi ebizwa ngokuba "spice siqithi". Eneneni, ngaphambi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-21 ye Moluccas aba umthengisi engundoqo ezibizayo ubulawu ezifana nutmeg, ipepile, cloves, nesinamon. Bekhula apha ezitiyeni enkulu.

Njengoko abiza Moluccas ngaphambili? Ngo-Arabic, igama layo ngokoqobo lithetha "ilizwe ookumkani." Spice Islands (Moluccas) aquka 74,505 yesikwere seemitha kwindawo yayo. km nge ubude lilonke malunga 1,300 km ukusuka emantla ukuya-mpuma nomzantsi.

ukungqubana kwemihla zonqulo kwi Moluccas

Kangangexesha elide, iqela iziqithi ezininzi, apho kukho 1027, ivaliwe iindwendwe kwamanye amazwe. Oku kubangelwa kuvela amaxesha ngamaxesha kukho ungquzulwano ngenxa yonqulo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1950, abemi ukholo lwamaKristu wavakalisa ezimeleyo Republic Maluku Selitan emazantsi ye Moluccas. Ukuzama okuhlamba ngoko nangoko amabutho Indonesian ukusebenzisa impembelelo amandla.

ukungqubana yayo apogee phakathi Muslims namaKristu lakhula laba ngxabano bexhobile, ngo 1998-2000. Kwaye ke ekuqaleni nendlu bakhonza abakhweli baxabana nomqhubi lebhasi. Ngokutsho kweengcali, le yeyona kakhulu kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje nempi; mmandla kwanyanzeleka ukuba ashiye abantu abamalunga nama-80 amawaka.

Emva kwezi ziganeko, iziqithi ekugqibeleni seluxolweni kunye ukuphumla, kwakhokelela wokufika enkulu abakhenkethi ezivela ehlabathini lonke, komhlaba kunye izazinzulu abanqwenela ukuba ukuhlola ngakumbi Nqabakazi.

division zokuphatha

Iqela siqithi Moluccan yohlulwe kumaphondo: North Malukku iziqithi Ternate, Halmahera, Sula noMzantsi Malukku iziqithi Ambon, Buru, Seram. Kwaye namhlanje, xa amanzi Ternate, nguye kwindawo izimpi ngexesha Second World War, kukho inani elikhulu iinqanawa ezazikayo moya.

WoKhanketho iziqithi neyeeperile, obizwa ngokuba 'ezweni a amalwandle eziliwaka ", na kwisiqithi Ambon isixeko enegama elifanayo. Wasekwa ngu omkhulu isiPhuthukezi 1574, imbonakalo yakhe, wagcina imizila kumaxesha adlulileyo, nangona elilahlekileyo ngenxa yeziqhushumbisi ngokungenalusini zomkhosi uninzi izakhiwo kwexesha lobukoloniyali. Isikhonkwane kakhulu okuphawuleka kuthathwa Ambon Fort Victoria - inqaba yomkhosi, sifunda elidlulileyo okude emkhosini. Ukuya kumzantsi-mpuma mzi intaba Sirimahu kwilali soya kwelinye mathambeka. Ukususela izinto, kuvusa umdla abakhenkethi - yokuhlala owayesakuba Raja kunye nebandla Dutch kwakhiwa 1817. Kufutshane kukho iilali eziliqela yamandulo, nganye eneyazo yayo izakhiwo megalithic.

On the Abemi the Moluccas

labemi Uthelekelelo, inhomogeneous apha uluntu kwaye amasiko, million 2.1 zabantu. Ngokwamanani zonqulo siqithi yohlulwe ngayo ngokulinganayo; UbuKristu wavakalisa becala ezantsi, Islam - emantla. Isiqithi kakhulu ezinabantu Ambon kunye Ternate, kukho inani elincinane abemi waphawula eziqithini ezinkulu - Halmahera, Buru kunye Seram.

Ngaphambili, ngeelwimi ezimalunga ne-130 ziye zasasazwa kulo mmandla; ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwakukho umxube abaninzi babo. Popularization ngeendidi zeelwimi zengingqi mkhulu sifunyenwe kwaye ambonezskogo ternatskogo.

A incinane

Yokuqala ekwahlala yaseYurophu kwi Moluccas Wavuka 1512 yaye yasekwa omkhulu isiPhuthukezi. Bona Walungisa kwamanye amazwe azo iziqholo eYurophu. Ngowe-1663, ilifa lwesayensi, zaye ephethwe yi-Netherlands, kwaye kwithuba kwiimfazwe Napoleonic, i Moluccas, igama omdala apho - i "kwisiqithi spice", athathwa Britain, ukuba ukulahla nobuncwane babo ukusuka 18 ukuya kwenkulungwane ye-19. Phakathi iMfazwe Yehlabathi II "iziqithi zeziqholo" bahamba yi-Japanese. Emva kokugqitywa kwalo (1945), lo mmandla waba yinxalenye Indonesia kwakhiwa karhulumente.

Village Nqabakazi ikakhulu intaba; Mount Binaya ebekwe kwi siqithi Seeram, lelona nqanaba liphezulu lencinibakazi; ukuphakama kwayo kweemitha 3019.

Iziqithi - inani elikhulu izenzo mlilo elinesibini. Ngoko ke, iinyikima zomhlaba kunye mlilo - isenzeko rhoqo ngokwaneleyo; Umzekelo, kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo kwenzeka kummandla engaphezulu kwe-70.

Malunga sezulu Moluccas

Imozulu kwiziqithi zimanzi. Umbindi kunye esemazantsi ukusuka ekwindla ukuba intlwayelelo esilawulwa yimimoya eyomileyo, ihlobo ukuhlasela siqithi mvula ezimanzi. Ubushushu bomoya kufuphi nonxweme - ukusuka degrees +25 ukuya +27.

Le enezityalo nezilwanyana le "Spice Islands"

Uninzi kummandla ahlala kuyo fikusovymi, namasundu, amahlathi zoqalo, kwintaba ephakame 1200 metres becala bazibonise ezinamagqabi avuthulukayo coniferous imithi, nooAshera kayaputa - umthi iti, nto leyo umthombo neeoli ezixabisekileyo esetyenziselwa aromatherapy. Xa esezantsi ye yefeni wafumana ubukhulu becala, ukhuhle ze imifuno ezahlukeneyo. Le zezilwanyana luphawulwa ikho kakhulu; : Apha eziphila ekhethekileyo kwezi mimandla uyakwazi ukufumana izikhwenene cockatoos, iingwenya, boas, amalulwane, amatakane umthi-lisanyuka, amasele umthi, iintaka paradesi.

Kangangeenkulungwane, la mazwe zonke iziqithi Indonesian zaye ingqalelo ilifa lokwenene kakhulu eninzi, njengoko unalo ilungelo elikhethekileyo ngokulinywa ezibizayo zobulawu. ehlathini elikhulu nesinamon, ipepile, allspice, namasundu (imifino kunye ikhokhonathi), nutmeg kubangela uyolo ngokunyanisekileyo yandile yayo.