River Uda: inkcazelo, photo

Uda River, ophuma kwi kummandla Buryatia, yenye imijelo kunazo zonke Selenga. Ubude - 467 km, ummandla isitya yi-34 800 macala onke. km.

igama

Imvelaphi igama alicacanga, kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi: kwigama Mongolian yamandulo intsingiselo willow, njengokuntshula ecaleni kweendonga emininzi; ukusuka uduitov kwisizwe, akutshabalalise yi Mongols; ukusuka 'ukufaneleka' Mongolian - "Noon", ngenxa yokuba, ngokutsho legend, abamahashe Mongol waya emlanjeni ngagama ngeli xesha kosuku lokuqala; okanye Selkup elithi "ut" - "amanzi".

Omlambo i-Uda River

Uda asuka emahlathini coniferous kumzantsi-ntshona Vitim yehewu, kwintaba ephakame kweemitha 1055. nemingenela Main Muhey (93 km), Pogromka (44 km), Egita (55 km), It (173 km), Kudun (252 km), Kurba (227 km), Bryanka (128 km). Umfula ugeleza ngakwicala aseNtshonalanga. Eli candelo ukusuka kumthombo ukuya ekudibaneni Ona channel oluya yesithili esentabeni loza Vitimsky yehewu, ngoko uba mphandle nemixawuka ngakumbi, yaye flow uhamba phakathi lwamawa ephantsi (1200-1800 meters), uninzi lwazo utsaleleka emantla-mpuma ulwalathiso.

iinxalenye lomlambo

River Uda kunye Selenga (okanye mandithi, ichibi yabo) wandise kwicala latitudinal kwaye ngokufanayo iphuhliswe kumacala omabini. Ngu uhlobo ubume entilini lomlambo, iimeko emfuleni ichibi ke yahlulelwe kwii ariya ezimbini: ukuya ekudibaneni Ona kunye ekudibaneni kwawo ukuya emlonyeni.

Kwicandelo lokuqala (261 km) Ukuhamba komlambo ngokusebenzisa esentabeni, ezihonjisiwe ngokhuni, nezibuhlungu kwiindawo - umgxobhozo. River Valley nzulu, enomva kancinane, kuyanda ububanzi ukusuka ezantsi kwi eliphezulu isiqingatha sekhilomitha, ukuya ku 5-10 km ekupheleni nesabelo. Kumathambeka ke eweni, abe ukuphakama kuyimitha 50 ukuya 300, ubunjwe lenyengane kunye nezinye nasemaweni crystalline. Uda umfula ugeleza oko kubo. Le ndawo dissected nemingenela olungaselunxwemeni, kwizihlambo ezomileyo, wayifulela emahlathini kunye amatyholo. Ububanzi umjelo yahluka ukusuka kwiimitha ezili-10 ukuya 40-60, kunye neebhanki imixawuka ke amawa, ukuphakama avareji yeemitha 1-2, ndawonye lonke ubude yimimango kwamatyholo nemithi (pine, larch, ezinde, poplar, willow).

Kwicandelo lesibini (206 km) emlanjeni ntlambo yezandyondyo kunye enzulu. Zizandyondyo ngasekhohlo kakhulu ebhankini, ububanzi iikhilomitha ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu kude, kummandla Ulan-Ude, nje 20-50 leemitha. Kuyinto lokuloba elula kakhulu phezu komlambo Uda. Kumphezulu wezandyondyo kakhulu lungqamane yi imijelo ezininzi, oxbow amachibi kunye nemiwonyo. Ububanzi ezantsi entilini ukusuka km 10-15 ukuya kwi-19, amathambeka ayo amawa, ezantsi masimu, Bathiwe wambu lihlahliwe ihlathi coniferous. Xa esezantsi kwamathambeka kuwa, ukukha kwemiqhele kudla wezandyondyo emlanjeni. Uda River i yawo kwaye branched ngamandla isitishi, ngaphandle ngeekhilomitha ezisixhenxe zokugqibela. Ububanzi komfula, nge-avareji, ukusuka kuma-70 ukuya kwi-100 m, oyena mkhulu -. Rolls 260 m amalungiselelo kumgama ngekhulu leemitha ukuba ngekhilomitha nganye enye, ubunzulu kule mimandla ayikho ngaphezulu kwe 0.7 m, phezu uyaphakama - sisiqingatha semitha. kubunzulu obukhulu -. 3.2 m River feeds kakhulu amanzi emvula, kodwa kwiminyaka ethile umthamo idreyini ifikelela-30%. Izikhukhula ziqale kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka wama-Epreli, efikelela incopho ekupheleni kwenyanga, kunye ekuqaleni ngumkhenkce kwemali. Amanzi iwela ekupheleni kukaJuni.

Umlinganiswa lomlambo

Ehlotyeni nasekwindla phezu komlambo ethubeleza phantsi imvula izikhukula ezintlanu, ihleli ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwi-30. Eliphezulu inqanaba lamanzi ukunyuka waphawula ngo-Agasti nangoSeptemba. Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu, imvula kudale izikhukhula. Ukuqanda kwenzeka ekupheleni kuka-Oktobha okanye kwasekuqaleni kukaNovemba, umkhenkce ibamba iintsuku 155-180, kwaye efikelela kuyo Uda iqina ngokupheleleyo. Umlambo isetyenziselwa ubonelelo lwamanzi kuloo dolophana Oninoborskogo ukuya ekudibaneni kwawo Selenga wenza amahlathi ingxubevange isambuku. Uda leqa izindlu ezininzi umhlaba. Ecaleni esezantsi kukho iilali ezininzi kuzo zombini kweenxweme echwebeni na ikomkhulu Buryatia - Ulan-Ude. Uda River osisityebi kwezi ntlobo zeentlanzi: Grayling, Tugun, trout, Pike, Sisco, burbot, ngenxa apho iibhanki amaninzi kuyabonakala okuloba. Emahlathini kwendawo Khorinsky ingakumbi ngempumelelo babezingela iielk, eSiberia nebhadi, nelinqa, nelinqa ebomvu, yasendle, ingqawa, ibhere.

esakhe

Ngasechwebeni komlambo kukho zokuhlala. umjelo wamanzi intlambo kucingwa ukuba aphuhlileyo kakhulu Buryatia. Ulan-Ude ibekwe kufuphi emlonyeni Yolule km-20 ukuya ekudibaneni kunye ngasemfuleni engundoqo - Selenga.

Ngaphezu koko, baye emendweni eziliqela ime kufuphi nomlambo. Omnye wabo, nto leyo isalathiso P436 leyo ekhokelela evela kwikomkhulu Buryatia ukuya Chita. ubude bayo - 200 km. Okwesibini, kukho ubude km 30 kuphela, obususela Ulan-Ude ukuya Khorinsky. A endleleni, leyo eye bezingahanjwa ezimbini, weNgoma umsantsa evela Bryanka (Uda intlambo) ukuya emlonyeni Hood.