Robert Johnson: A Biography kunye nomsebenzi

Robert Leroy Johnson, waseMelika imvumi kwi indlela yelizwe - enye iimvumi abadumileyo blues Classic. Musician ozelwe May 8, 1911 e Heyzelherste, Mississippi, USA. Robert Johnson, ogama biography lizele uhambo olungenasiphelo ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwindawo, kuqala kunye nabazali bam kwaye ngoko zawo, iphupha ebuntwaneni of blues.

Guitar Robert Johnson zibonakala xa wayeneminyaka kwayona-13 leminyaka ubudala. Yena balufunda ngokupheleleyo ubuchule bokudlala, ehleli nje yaye strumming iiyure. Ukuzingisa teen wachaza umlinganiswa ezingisayo, leyo njengelifa kuyise. Kwaye ukuba Robert ligqibe ukuphumeza into, qiniseka ukuba wazama ukufikelela usukelo lwakhe. Ekugqibeleni, kwathi, kodwa ngoko nangoko.

Iinzame kahle isixhobo

Isiginci wezandla elivisayo akazange afune ukuba ixilongo, yaye akazange bazakukwazi ukuyikhupha ngaphandle strum inzulu, akukho izandi. Noko ke, umnqweno ukudlala ngonaphakade the blues waba namandla kangangokuba Robert kuqhubeka kubukrazula imitya. Ukuze ibe kufutshane ubugcisa spirituals, ezilungileyo, Boogie, inkwenkwe wadibana beqonga ababini of blues, Villi Braunom kunye Sahn House. Zombini iimvumi baye indima ebonakalayo kubomi Johnson, kodwa ufundisa ukuba ukudlala isiginci kwaye abakwazanga.

Sebenza le nsimu

Ekupheleni kuka elinethoba, uRobert wanyanzeleka ukuba bayeke iphupha khona waya kwelinye ilizwe, apho bakwazi ukuziphilisa cotton zokucoca. Ngoku, i-Afrika American oselula wasiphakamisa ikatala kuphela ngokuhlwa, emva komsebenzi. Esi sixhobo nangoku ukuphulaphula umculo ayisebenzi. Le nto ke wayiqhuba isithuba esingaphaya konyaka. Yaye njengoko uRobert wakholwa kuThixo, ngoko, xa utyelela ibandla, wathandaza waza wacela ukuba uThixo wathumela italente yakhe somculo, ethembisa ngaxeshanye nje ukudlala umculo ezilungileyo ubuqaqawuli bukaYehova.

kukhanyise

Mhlawumbi uThixo wamva, kodwa ngequbuliso omnye NgeCawa, xa Robert Johnson wabuyayo ibandla, yaye lo mkhwa uye waba yinto strum isigingci aze acule ngexesha elinye, wavakalelwa ukuba ufumana ezinye uhlobo lohadi. Mazigalelwe impumelelo, yena elinde ixesha elide kangaka, uJohnson waqalisa ukuphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo yasungulwa nje ibinzana umculo, waza wajika ingoma. Lowo ngoko nangoko wenyuka kunye nabaculi. Ngeengokuhlwa ezahlukahlukeneyo imvumi elizayo zingako, yaye ekugqibeleni wazalwa composition, wadala ngokungqinelana nemithetho blues. Loo Hellhound idumileyo On Trail wam, nto leyo ke wangena uluhlu lweengoma ambalwa Roberta Dzhonsona. impumelelo kuqala wabanika amandla kunye yimvumi nabo banqwenela kunye benamandla baqalisa ukusebenza.

Nokusa embalwa elandelayo echithwe ekudalweni iingoma ezimbini ngaphezulu, Cross Road Blues kwaye Me Ke UMtyholi Blues. Johnson wayonwabile wenza oko kuza iphupha lokwenene ebomini. Ngoku, Robert Johnson, ogama umculo iye ekugqibeleni uhlobo layo, akwazi ukuvelisa ukudlala blues. Kamsinya nje yokuvuna umqhaphu, wakhawuleza waya abahlobo bakhe. San House and Villi Braun bakuvuyela ukubona umhlobo wakhe omnci, kodwa ukuba beve ukuthetha kwakhe ukudlala isiginkci wayengafuni.

ukuqaphela

Yaba kuphela xa URobert wathi, wadlala sacula zonke iingoma zakhe, abahlobo bakhe ixesha elide wahlala ngomlomo wakhe evulekileyo, engazi nto. Ukuze achaze ngandlel impumelelo yabo umculo, ngoko nangoko weza umzekeliso malunga nendlela ekudibaneni kweendlela ezimbini wadibana umtyholi wathengisa umphefumlo wakhe waza wafundisa ukuba ukudlala isiginci kwaye acule blues. Abahlobo yintsini, kodwa Johnson kwavuyiswana waza wamema ukwenza kunye nabo.

Le midlalo yokuqala

Ukususela ngoko, neemvumi akuzange ubashiye. URobert waba blues ilizwe ive kunye umculo. Musicologists ebizwa Johnson unxibelelwano phakathi eChicago Delta blues, Noko ke, ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, ezi iintlobo ezimbini musa Akuyomfuneko ukuba esile libotshelelwe, wonke umntu ohlala ubomi babo. Delta Blues entofontofo, emnandi, kunye nesabelo elungileyo ludandatheko, kunye Chicago, phezu koko, elipheleleyo leenowuthsi staccato, amabinzana zomculo syncopated kunye solos ikatala elide, ajike abe aculwa.

recording studio

Roberta Dzhonsona art njenge egadeni, njengoko amazwi amaninzi nezinye blues amagcisa. Le ncwadi abangekaphuhli lwe kwe clutter Uqhubeko zemihlathi nantsingiselo, kodwa umculo wakhe ezahlukeneyo, enzulu emnandi. Johnson abhalwe kancinci, wagcina ukubonwa kweli studio ngoJulayi 20, 1937. Ukususela th 15 ukuya kumhla we-20, wakwazi ukuba babhale iingoma-13, nto leyo kamva kupapashwa njenge albhamu eyahlukileyo.

ukurekhodwa quality

Igunya noRoberta Dzhonsona njenge imvumi blues lencinibakazi entsha ikhule ngomyinge ephala. iseshoni yakhe yokuqala lokurekhoda lwaqhutywa ngoNovemba 1936 kwelinye Studios e San Antonio , eTexas. Nangona mishini nobu-, lo mgawuli njani umkhondo isandi kwi diski aluminiyam, umgangatho isandi ulihlwempu. Kodwa umculi ndalithanda isandi selizwi lakhe, waza wahlala apho isixhobo kude kube sebusuku.

Intlawulo yokuqala

Emva kwexesha elithile, uJohnson wamenywa ukuba i "American Record", omnye iinkampani irekhodi engundoqo US. Esi simemo yayibonakala eyayingaqhelekanga noko. Ngoxa Blues phantse akazange abhalwe, yaba jazz ethandwayo kuphela. Noko ke, phakathi kwesi simemo Robert Johnson wayedlala asibhozo iingoma zabo, abebalwa endaweni quality elungileyo. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa kweseshoni wahamba, yaye ingoma sabhalwa "Blues 32-20". Emva koko Johnson wahlawula intlawulo ngomsebenzi wakhe.

Folk umculo umphengululi Bob Myeni wabhala kwinqaku wakhe: "Musician Johnson umi ezinqumlayo uhlobo ngasemva - Delta Blues phambili - Chicago.". Wayebukele njengoko emanzini, uRobert wajika.

a ukusebenza akuphumelelanga

blues Robert Johnson eyathi edlalwe indlela ogudle, kunye nesimbo Chicago, wenza akukho mahluko phakathi kwabo. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto le mvumi kunye blues baba isiphelo phezulu banesifo zenkulungwane lokugqibela. Talent sele ukusekwa ngokupheleleyo bluesman wathi jazz umlimi John Hammond. Wagqiba ukumema Johnson ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kule projekthi, yasekwindla eziliqela iikonsathi ngokwenene umculo 'abamnyama', apho walungiselela ukubonisa ngendaleko of yinkcubeko yaseMelika kweli cala.

ezininzi kuThixo arhente, begilana imvumi. Robert Johnson, photo ogama wafumana zonke izigidimi soze ivele. Bluesman wamfuna inqwaba yabantu, kwaye wayesele babekwa engcwabeni. Le mvumi wafa-16 Agasti 1938 eneminyaka engama-27.

Imbali ukufa imvumi leyo

Ngaloo mini ekhumbulekayo, Johnson kwilali ekuthiwa ifolokhwe kathathu. Indawo yayimi kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka Greenwood, idolophu encinane ekumazantsi Mississippi. Emnyango ukuya lali ibekwe indlu yoluntu kunye umculo, ibhari kunye dance floor. Iindwendwe zingeniswa yi mulatto ezintle, ongazange afihle uvelwano kwakhe uRobert. Kwakhona zazidlala mnandi, kwaye abafana vulavurisana ngokuhlwa.

Robert Johnson flirted ngokomelela aphambili, zilandelwe kufutshana wabukela host iziko, onekhwele okhohlakeleyo ukuba umfazi wakhe bakholwa mulatto. URobert wayichola isiginci waza waqalisa ukwenza into yakhe eqhelekileyo, ukwenza blues. Akukho kwakungekho zimpawu inkathazo, de imvumi akazange athumele ibhotile yewiski okuqaphela italente yakhe, kodwa ezivulekileyo ngandlel '. Johnson basela a SIPs ezimbalwa, yaye emva kweeyure ezimbalwa unconscious yakhe ndasiwa yezigulana esixekweni. amanzi anetyhefu wenza ngoko nangoko, le mvumi wafa kuphela ngomhla wesithathu. Yaphela kanjalo ubomi bluesman odumileyo.