Rurik yokuhlala, Veliky Novgorod: idilesi, iifoto kunye nohlolo

Veliky Novgorod - isixeko apho kungekho kunqongophala izinto ezimele zenziwe. Uye kudala yenye yeendawo ezininzi ezityelelwe kwimephu yelizwe kwaye iyaqhubeka kukumbona nezinto ezintsha zakudala ezicacisa kwimbali Russia yamandulo. Abaninzi kubo kwenziwa kummandla Rurik zokuhlala, owenzeka Novgorod.

Imbali isifundo site zakudala

Rurik yokuhlala (Veliky Novgorod), ifoto leyo thaca ngezantsi, oososayensi baqalisa ukufunda ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela. Kwimingxuma zokuqala kwenziwa zakudala uN Polyansky. Ngehlobo lowe-1910 ukuba indawo liqela uhambo labaphandi ekhokelwa wegcisa-sobulumko UNikolai Roerich, yaye ukususela ngowe-1975 ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje (kunye breaks) umsebenzi kukhona ke Institute of History of Material neNkcubeko phantsi kolwalathiso E. N. Nosova.

Ngenxa yoko, kummandla iindonga zophando maleko yamasiko amandulo zachongwa:

• yokutyiwa of Neolithic (2-3 leminyaka BC)
• zokuhlala Iron Age (nkulungwane yokuqala BC. e.).

Le zakudala kakhulu ifumana lwenziwe kwisiza

Xa izifundo lamanqanaba yenkcubeko 9-11 iinkulungwane izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa izinto ezininzi iimpahla kunye nezixhobo emkhosini. Baye bafumana birchbark isiqulatho ezahlukeneyo, ezinye amatywina amahle welothe, dirhams ubutyebi amathathu, inani elikhulu Arab, iingqekembe aseByzantium emazweni Western, iglasi, amaso lwesardiyo crystal kunye amaqhekeza amangile, Anut lukhule. Zonke ezi ziyalungiswa ubungqina yorhwebo esebenzayo unxulumanisa Novgorod kunye asebumelwaneni kumazwe akude ephakathi Europe kunye Asia.

Ngexesha kwimingxuma nazo wafumana iinxalenye esikalini, amatye, bamanqatha Frisian, ninamakrele yokudlala ngamaplanga, amatye zakudala, bemiliza zemveli zeglasi yamandulo, ukubala omaka, zokuluka, inshorensi kunye ezinde iziqu, yohambo yokuba zitsha nangaphezulu.

Rurik yokuhlala (Novgorod) kwanyanzeleka kwakhona ukuthetha ngaye ngo-2003, xa wafumana ezinde amaxolo, nto leyo isiqwengana ileta esuka kubazalwana abaninzi kubazali bakhe, nto leyo ke wabhekisela kweNkosana Novgorod.

"Varyagsky elandelayo»

Xa inani kweziphumo yokuhlala Scandinavian Rurik, kunye zokuhlala zembali kweendawo yokwakha ibekwe phezu kweenxweme Dnieper, oko izityebi ogrunjiweyo kwiMpuma Yurophu. Ezi izinto ezimbini ukulandela ngqo kumaziko edume yaseScandinavia Birka kunye Hedeby. Ingakumbi umdla izinto kwisiko kunye izivatho. Phakathi kwabo iqokobhe-like, ravnoplechnye thunzi kunye bezisa izacholo, namacici 2 zobhedu, apho kukho runiform imibhalo zentsimbi hryvnia kunye neesimboli nangezando figure kohor Valkirii isilivere et al.

Rurik yokuhlala (Novgorod): imbali isiseko

Ukukhankanywa idumileyo yenjongosenzi inokufumaneka "I Tale of adlulileyo Years". Ngokutsho kwenye nokutolikwa kwalo xwebhu ezimbalini, ngo-862, abemi belo zwe apho Novgorod yasekwa kamva ngokuba Varyaga Ryurika ukuba alawule emhlabeni wabo. Xa isayithi ye yokuhlaliswa yamandulo yokuhlala njengenkosana kwakhiwa njengenqaba-kwilali awayephila kulo, yena yomdlalo. Yena lowo imvelaphi Volkhov River, ekunene endleleni "ukusuka Vikings ukuya namaGrike."

Imbali esingangonyaka Rurik zokuhlala

Xa Kwiinkulungwane 9-10 yokuhlala njengenkosana kwi kweenxweme Volkhov yaba yokuqala ekwahlala kummandla Novgorod mihla, t. E. I dolophu endala. Singene nje encinci (6 - 7 ha) kwindawo ephakamileyo, apho ibekwe phezu sisiqithi unogumbe wathulula. ububanzi shaft yeendawo zokuhlala bafikelela kwiimitha ezili-8, yaye ukuphakama - iimitha ezi-5.

Umbindi Rurik yokuhlala ezinqatyisiweyo kunye yoyilo shaft somthi kwaye zikhuselwe yi umsele. Settlement has indawo ilungelo, njengoko Wayengqongwe imida ngamanzi, kwaye ukusuka intlomo yenduli kube lula ukufumana indlela impahla Volkhov River Lake Ilmen.

Malunga nqaba kwakukho engcwele lobuhedeni - Peryn. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zakudala, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yabantu wayenza wezandla zokuhlala kuquka ekubunjweni lobhedu, nangokukrola amathambo kunye nabanye.

Hillfort emva kwinkulungwane yeshumi,

Kwiminyaka 990 kokuhlaliswa yamandulo, ukulondoloza indima yokuhlala umthetheli-Aron, unike indlela eya kumsebenzi iziko lwentlalo noqoqosho izakhiwo evelileyo inkundla ubhishophu ehlabathini.

Emva kokuba imvukelo Novgorod ngo-1136 endaweni yayo baqhubeka ibekwe prince yokuhlala. Noko ke, kwaba phantsi kolawulo wedolophu, xa isigxina Novgorod Great.

Rurik yokuhlala (idilesi yesithili Novgorod, d. ISiganga) ngaxa lithile yaba yindawo apho esengumntwana elizayo Prince Aleksandra Nevskogo. Kwakhona zonyaka ezahlukeneyo imbali wayeka okanye wahlala nguDmitry Donskoy, Vasiliy Temny, Ivan III kunye Ivan Grozny.

Church of the Annunciation

Rurik yokuhlala (Veliky Novgorod) nalo umdla ngenxa emanxuweni ibandla kwenkulungwane ye-12 ekuqaleni sime kulo. Ngowe-1103 yayisekelwe unyana Vladimira Monomaha kwaye ngumlawuli Novgorod, Mstislav Vladimirovich. Annunciation of yaqala emva unxibelelwano yesibini. Sofia zokwakha ilitye yesixeko yokuhlala isikhulu wakhawuleza waya apho. Yena, kunye Nikolsky kunye eSt waseGeorge Cathedral (Yuriev Monastery), eyakhiwe uPetros Elikhulu - wezakhiwo yokuqala Russian okhankanywe yemihla.

Kule minyaka 1342-1343 kwisayithi kwetempile esihle wamiswa entsha, esemayo iminyaka 600, okoko nje ngexesha WWII zange ATM utshaba zokudubula. Amanxiwa kwiCawa Annunciation kufumaniseka ngokucacileyo ngezinto ezenziwa uhlobo umonakalo lemveli lenkcubeko lizwe lethu ngexesha ayehlasela ingxokolo ngokungenalusini karhulumente.

"Yenene Stone"

Rurik yokuhlala (Novgorod) wayengomnye maziko aphambili kumbhiyozo amisiweyo we-1150 engama sokumiswa Russian. September 22, 2012, unyaka kwintsimi lesikhumbuzo zembali yavulwa "ilitye Knyazhye." It is a litye enkulu nezinobunzima 40 neetoni. Sikrolwe kunye nekoteyishini evela edumileyo Radzivilovskoy irekhodi, leyo ungqina ukuba ukubaluleka iyihlawule kwimbali weRashiya.

Veliky Novgorod, Rurik yokuhlala: ukuba indlela apho ngemoto

Oku yezinto angumqondiso linokufikeleleka ngezithuthi zabucala okanye yoluntu. Ukuba ulandela Rurik zokuhlala (Veliky Novgorod), indlela ukuya emotweni, ekhomba ngokukhawuleza. Kakhulu kutshanje wabeka phambi kwakhe indlela yelitye lentlabathi etyheli. Oku kuthetha ukuba indlela eMoscow - turn Novgorod ukuya Sholokhovo, ukuqhuba kuMsindisi Nereditsa kunye ngokubhekele njengomqobo, ngoko ukuhamba ukuya kumanxuwa kufuneka uhambe imizuzu 2-3 kuphela.

Phambi Rurik zokuhlala ifikeleleka ngendlea inombolo ibhasi 186 (ixesha lokuhamba at 7:25, 8:25, 14:00, 19:05), ecaleni iBandla uMsindisi on Nereditsa. Ephuma kwi indawo yokugcina, kufuneka ubuyele endleleni bahamba isambuku dam umlambo Volkhov. Okulandelayo, kufuneka ukuba ekhohlo kwaye ulandele indlela eyenziwe ecaleni lomlambo ukuya ezinika ezininzi.

Kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni Volkhov baqhuba uhambo kwi esikhepheni "Veche", apho le nkqubo iquka utyelelo Rurik zokuhlala. Ishedyuli Tour: at 11:00 ngeMigqibelo 14:15 - ngeCawa.

reviews

Ngokutsho kwabo sele bendihamba route Veliky Novgorod - Rurik yokuhlala (Umgama ngeekhilomitha ukusuka iziko 2), emva kokuba ukufakelwa indlela entsha linokufikeleleka ngaphandle iingxaki malunga naluphi na uhlobo le imoto. Ngaphandle ngokuba ixesha ukugalelwa umlambo Volkhov, xa ayikhuthazwa ukuba batyelele le nomtsalane.

ingxelo entle kudla esingelwe zohlobo esibalaseleyo zivulwe entabeni Fort phezu kwamanzi, kwakunye yesicelo kunye eSt waseGeorge Monastery. Ukongeza, i uhambo zinokudityaniswa nge ukuzilibazisa elunxwemeni kunye sepikiniki kwiindawo kwindawo zolonwabo ecaleni bomda. Ngokumalunga amagqabaza abakhenkethi, abahambi abaninzi bathi bonke umbono bekutyelelo yokuhlala owayesakuba Rurik ungcolisa yamangcwaba, ibekwe emnyango elandelayo. Ukongeza, ezi ndwendwe waphawula ukuba nangona le ndawo iepigenetics kunethuba elikhulu indawo njengoko kunganxulunyaniswa inani lezinto umdla abahambi ebunzimeni.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba kukho izinto ngokwentelekiso kancinane-eyaziwa inokubonwa ngokuya Veliky Novgorod. Rurik yokuhlala, apho unako ukufumana kuzo zombini Volkhov, kunye neelori - yindawo yokomfuziselo, indawo awazalelwa kuyo urhulumente Russian, ngoko kubalulekile undwendwelo ku nabani okuxabisa imbali yelizwe lakhe.