TNP: kokuhlaziya izifinyezo

isifinyezo alfabhethi TNP iphathelene Disambiguation:

• "Transnefteprodukt";
• isixhobo ubonwa emhlabeni;
• impahla yabathengi.

Njengoko TNP imele kwaye kusetyenziswa phi?

1. Ufinyezo TNP (okotshiweyo - "Transnefteprodukt") isetyenziswa yi bonke abasebenzi inkxalabo enkulu uthumelo zesantya basoloko osetyenzisiweyo kwaye negama aqhelekileyo kubo. Le nkampani benza ukuthuthwa namalungiselelo yeemveliso yeoli emhlophe ezifana idizili, ipetroli, iparafini, ezitshatileyo "Transneft". Abemi iphambili lizwe akasebenzisi ibinzana eyenziwe ziingcali ngenxa ezimfutshane kwigama transmission.
2. Iimpahla yabathengi elide (okotshiweyo - "thermal isixhobo kujongwa") isetyenziswa nabavelisi imagers thermal. Abasebenzisi zezi zixhobo zisetyenziswa esweni utshintsho lobushushu ngasemva kwi unyango lwezifo ekwenziweni iindlela ezintsonkothileyo xa ehlola iinxalenye closed eesekethe zombane iliso short circuit ukubona ingabonakali iiyunithi zomkhosi ngenxa yovavanyo ufudumele.
3. Ufinyezo TNP (okotshiweyo - "impahla yorhwebo"), lisetyenziselwa ukugcina iphepha rhoqo kakhulu ukusetyenziswa, eziqhelekileyo nje kuphela kwabo baye bafunda iziseko kwethiyori kwezoqoqosho. Nangempahla yabathengi ngathi izinto zokusetyenziswa buqu, ubuso ngamnye.

theory Economic: isikhokelo ukuqonda

Ukuwuqonda impahla yabathengi (impahla yorhwebo) ngaphandle abanaluncedo kwi isigama kwethuba yiSoviet kwethiyori kwezoqoqosho kunzima kakhulu. It is a isayensi lifunda ingxaki oyikhethayo xa kukho iimeko angathathi ntweni musa ukuvumela kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabemi.

Ingcamango yeempahla yabathengi (okotshiweyo - "impahla yorhwebo) ubonakalise uhlobo lemveliso ukusetyenziswa buqu, njengoko kuthelekiswa ukuveliswa iindlela zemveliso.

Zonke iimveliso yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini wesiNtu ngokwenkcazo yezoqoqosho:

• Group A - eyenziweyo impahla ukuvelisa ngakumbi ezinye iimveliso.
• Group B - iimpahla ezo ziveliswa iimfuno zakho: ukutya (food), ezempilo kunye non-ukutya.

ukutya (food) iimveliso Trade Classification

• iziselo Non-ezinxilisayo.
• Wines kunye ungalibali iimveliso.
• Dairy.
• Oil.
• Meat.
• Sausage.
• Confectionery.
• Fish.
• Iziqhamo, imifuno kunye neziqhamo.
• amafutha nokudla.
• iimveliso zecuba.
• iimveliso yokubhaka.
• iimveliso iqanda.

Ukuhlelwa izinto zokutya esetyenziswa ngamashishini urhwebo (neevenkile yemveli, network lentengiso)

Iqela sokudla:

• coffee;
• pasta;
• umgubo;
• cereals;
• imifuno kunye nezinongo;
• oli yemifuno;
• sugar;
• ityuwa.

iqela culinary:

• yokupheka inyama;
• yokupheka iintlanzi;
• yokupheka yobisi:
• eyakhiwe.

Ukwahlukanisa izinto zonyango

1. Materials - iimveliso, sebenzisa ixesha omnye kwi unyango kunye isifo (zokubopha, sutures, njl ...)
2. iimveliso:

• iteknoloji Medical - oomatshini, izixhobo, izixhobo, izinto kunye nezixhobo.
• Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngabasebenzi zonyango nokunyamekelwa kwezi abagulayo.

Ukuhlelwa iimveliso non-ukutya

• Impahla eziveliswa shishini ukukhanya: impahla ezintle, impahla ezenziwe ngoboya, izihlangu, knitwear, nezambatho, namalaphu.
• Nendlu: izinto zasekhaya, iimveliso zeplastiki, Metallohozyaystvennye, ulwakhiwo, ifenitshala, izinto zokucoca zasekhaya kunye kitchenware.
• impahla ekhaya: iimoto, iiwotshi, iikhompyutha, phones, iikhamera, impahla ezinxulumene-umculo, iindawo zemidlalo kunye nezokuzonwabisa, izixhobo ofisi, izinto zokubhala, izinto zokudlala.
• Iimveliso zokucoca: iziqholo, izithambiso.
• Ezizoba kunye nezinto nokuhombisa.
• Biotovary: imbewu, iintyatyambo, izinto.
• Iimveliso ethe shinyi: amafutha kunye oyile ethambisayo xa iqatyiwe.

Inkqubo logistics zothutho yempahla, eziqulunqwe eRussia

Ukubonelela abantu kunye nempahla eSoviet Union kwenzeka sikhokelo kwinkqubo yocwangciso kunye nokuthengisa. Zonke iimveliso ziveliswa eSoviet Union okanye kwamanye amazwe, ngokwentando izicelo kwabaphathiswa umgca wavuma.

iiyure zokusebenza namhlanje kwinkqubo yokhuseleko yangoku senzeka ngexesha minyaka imashumi mabini anantlanu wokugqibela. Ngokwendalo, kwase waba nokubonelelwa kwempahla phesheya, kodwa zikhona izinto ezininzi ukusuka imithetho.

Loo imilo umdla, amaziko ukusasazwa (iimarike), uthengisa impahla ngemiyinge emincinci, phantse ngamnye, ezinokuvela kuphela i "zasendle" neentlobano emarikeni.

Eyona engundoqo (common) Supply Chain ikhangeleka ilula ngokwaneleyo. Umenzi - enkulu Ihowuliseyili (idla ngomzi) - eliphakathi kwaye ezincinci Ulwenziwo lokuthile - neevenkile.

logistics Warehouse

yokugcina Modern for iimveliso non-ukutya kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno kushishino yokugcina (ukuba zithathelwa kwinqanaba yowiso). Kakhulu, kube njengento yokugcina izixhobo oomatshini bakuwufunqula, unalo inkqubo accounting ikhompyutha ukufika kunye iimpahla ezithunyelwa ezibophelele kwabo kwiseli ethile, ungenza kuzigweba imeko kwi nkampani. Utyalo-mali kwizixhobo yokugcina - inxalenye ebalulekileyo ixabiso lehoseyile yenkampani.

warehouses Huge for ukutya bayavuswa, ukuba imveliso ibe ugcinwe ithuba elide. iimveliso Frozen agcinwe ezivenkileni ezibandayo exhotyiswe amagumbi ezinzulu-ngumkhenkce, sokuhanjiswa kungekwamthwalo leyo refrigerated.

Izitora eliphakathi ezincinane Ulwenziwo lokuthile ngokufuthi axhotyiswe kuphela kunye nezinye izinto, izixhobo ephambili okukunyusa - bayifakwa. Amandla abasebenzi izitora omkhulu onjalo, kunye nemali umvuzo rhoqo ngamandla. Ukumka phakathi Abahambeli yenye kakhulu phakathi kwezinye imisebenzi efanayo. Yaye uninzi lomvuzo iqulathe inamacandelo amabini :. olusemthethweni yaye "imvulophu"

kulungiselelo lothutho

ukunikezelwa TNP izimpahla ngokuphangaleleyo ezinkulu kwenziwa bolshegruzov (iiveni), ukothula kuthatha ixesha elincinane kakhulu. Iimpahla kule wesekethe kufuneka antywiliselwa kumatshini kwi pallets kwaye nciphisa isongelwe film (zapalletirovan).

In lothutho elide mgama sibandakanya amandla aleleyo kololiwe of Russia. Nangona eli lixesha elide, kodwa ngokuthembekileyo. Amatyala impahla okanye ukulahleka efikile ayikho indawo ekuyiwa kuyo - iziganeko ngaphezu eqhelekileyo.

Ukuhanjiswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe eziveliswa imikhumbi (ilayishwe kwakhona ezikwindawo yokugcina impahla yokugcina okwethutyana uze ethuthwa iilori kwilizwe lonke), ngololiwe (kungafane) kunye bolshegruzov. River zithuthi inxaxheba kwezi zicwangciso zinqabile kakhulu, ingakumbi kwimimandla ekwanti eSiberia nakwiMpuma Ekude.

Iyindawo Medium nezincinci ithatha iimoto zithwele ubuninzi, ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo amandla umthwalo obuvumelekileyo. Kule meko, a palletizing lowo ongazanga abakhankanywe maxabiso xa yokuqesha isithuthi. Ilayisha ukothula aba matshini lide kakhulu, kwanokuba yokugcina ifakwe zokuthutha.

Transport impahla yabathengi ukuba lwentengiso matshini becala ephethe ukuya ku 1.5 tonnes yenziwe. Warehouses amashishini yorhwebo ngokuqhelekileyo akanakukwazi ukubaginya inani elikhulu kwempahla, kunye nokuphelela kuluhlu - an ulawulo engaguquki zorhwebo. Ngenxa yokuba imveliso bakhuliswe hi mpimo lowutsongo yaye ngokufuthi.