Ubulembu Club, horsetails, yefeni isakhiwo umahluko. Njengoko umntu usebenzisa horsetails, ubulembu iklabhu kunye kumila?

ubulembu Club, horsetails, iqela yefeni kwenza izityalo yokuqala kukodwa. Nangona bavuka kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-million 400 eyadlulayo, ezi zityalo zande ngokufanelekileyo kule mihla siphila kuyo. Ubume bale ubulembu club, horsetails kunye yefeni, ingakumbi yokucolwa kunye nokubaluleka eziphilayo iza kuxutyushwa kwinqaku lethu.

Phuma izityalo kumhlaba

Kukho inkolelo yokuba zonke izinto eziphilayo, kuquka izityalo ezithe zavela kule bume emanzini. Eyokuqala wabo lona lisiza. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iimeko zokusingqongileyo zitshintshile kakhulu, kwakunye nezityalo bebeziqhelanisa ukunyamezela ixesha elide yimbalela. Ngenxa yoko, bayinika kubekho izityalo ezweni kuqala. Naxa izifundo kwisikolo yefeni Botany, horsetails, ubulembu club (class 6) luthathwa njengokuba balapho kulo ilizwe.

Iqela extinct zezityalo ezweni kuqala abangabameli zeSebe Rhyniophyta. Amahlumelo ophansi wayenokuhluthwa amagqabi kunye namasebe olusabufolokhwe. Endaweni iingcambu Rhyniophyta waba rhizoids apho iqhotyoshelwe zeendawana.

ubulembu Club, horsetails, yefeni - izityalo ibihlungu aphezulu

Izityalo ibihlungu Modern abe isakhiwo ezinokuntsonkotha abachubekileyo. ubulembu Club, horsetails, yefeni, ngathi onke amalungu eli qela taxonomic, kwasekwa zezi iithishu. Ngenxa kwimbonakalo yabo, yaye kwenziwa ukufikelela ukuba izityalo umhlaba. Izihlunu ifomu amalungu: ingcambu kunye uhlume. Lo mahluko esisiseko kwizityalo zabo aphantsi luqulathe iiseli ezikhethekileyo.

Veliswa ezi eziphilayo kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa yokuzala maqanda weeseli - sikuyo. Kanye apha emhlabeni, ukuba zintshule.

Ingcamango umjikelo wobomi

Zonke izityalo ibihlungu ephakamileyo kuza umjikelo wobomi ezintsonkothileyo. Eli xesha phakathi nezigaba ezibini twatse yophuhliso. Liqinisekisa ukuqhubeka nobomi iintlobo ezithile. Umjikelo wobomi izityalo ibihlungu waphawula alternation kwizizukulwana - ngokwesondo kunye maqanda. ngamanye amaxesha kwahluka enye kwenye imbonakalo.

Izityalo, apho akhiwa imbewu, isizukulwane maqanda. Oku nakolu bryophytes. Bukhula spores isizukulwana ngokwesondo ngamnye - gametophyte. Umahluko omkhulu club ubulembu, horsetails kunye yefeni ezo ubukho bayo.

Cinga nganye amasebe yezityalo ibihlungu ephakamileyo iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu.

mnyango Lycopsida

Oku izityalo evergreen herbaceous ezikhula kwiindawo ezimanzi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba ingaphelelwayo. Akhazimlayo iye ziwele neskhondo amasebe olusabufolokhwe. Bona shelwe amagqabi ezincinane siba.

iingcambu ukwenza iingcambu ezongezelelweyo ibonakala ngqo ngeziqu. ke ishq ezo modified amagqabi In iingcebiso ihlumelo. Bona ibekwe imizimba asetyenziselwa ukujikwa maqanda - ama.

horsetails Avilable

iintlobo Modern of horsetails nazo njengomfuno ongatshiyo. osemqoka zazo zithwala umsantsa ecacileyo ukubaleka kwiindawo ukuba amagqabi unamazinyo eqhotyoshelweyo. Ngelo isiseko, bekhula kunye, ekusekeni uhlobo ikuku. Iindawo zilungiselelwe iiseli zomzimba ezemfundo, ngenxa apho ekukhuleni horsetail intercalated ukuphakama. horsetails umzimba kumila phantsi komhlaba nayo lahlulwe interstices. umBoniso umsebenzi ezi zityalo ithwala isiqu exabe. Ngaphakathi yinto eninzi nemingxuma ezaliswe ngamanzi neoksijini.

horsetails Sporophyte i amahlumelo eluhlaza ezikhangeleka ngathi pine abaselula amancinci. A gametophyte ikhona ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye ngokohlobo ipleyiti eluhlaza. Enye yeyona ixhaphakileyo iintlobo eli sebe - horsetail - linazo zombini iindidi kumagqabi. Eyokuqala kuthiwa emthonjeni, akukho nako ukwenza photosynthesis kwaye spikelets otyebileyo. Summer, eluhlaza - kwezityalo.

iimpawu ngokubanzi omfisi

Yintoni umahluko yefeni horsetail kunye moss? Impendulo izicacele. Eli sebe zininzi kakhulu nolwahlukileyo, kunye nabameli balo mihla kufuneka isakhiwo intsonkothe ngaphezulu ngaphezu horsetails kunye ubulembu club. Phakathi iintlobo 10,000 efumaneka ngexesha elinikiweyo, kukho namakhambi namatyholo, kunye nemithi.

Group ravnosporovyh omfisi thaca ubomi yasemanzini - oku Salvinia natans kunye marsilea quadrifolia. Zikhululekile ukuba ahlale phezu lwemizimba yamanzi kunye current encinane. Kwimimandla efudumeleyo bajikeleza omfisi azolla amanzi eyenza ngokuncedisana icyanobacteria, ukwazi ukufunxa nitrogen.

iifeni Heterosporous ezikhula emahlathini omanzi yonke eluhlaza. abameli babo boqobo na Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris into eyindoda, nenekazi-omfisi kunye nezinye iintlobo.

Imalunga ezi zityalo emangalisayo uya banentsomi yokuba uyifumene le Ivana Kupala ebusuku omfisi intyatyambo iya eyaziyo, kusisipho esimangalisayo - funda ukuqonda ulwimi zonke izidalwa eziphilayo. Noko ke, ukususela kwinqanaba umbono eziphilayo oko akwenzeki. izityalo ibihlungu Higher, kuquka yefeni ezizo iintyatyambo neziqhamo.

Njengoko umntu usebenzisa horsetails, ubulembu club kunye kumila

izityalo ibihlungu Higher yathatha elide niche kwindalo kunye nobomi babantu. Iifeni ziyingxenye inani elikhulu kwizityalo, ezisetyenziswa ukwenza imihlaba kunye decor njengoko ongezityalo ezingamayeza. Kodwa indima ebalulekileyo izityalo kwindalo Ukwakheka kwezimbiwa ezixabisekileyo - amalahle.

Kumaxesha amandulo, bonke luwela imithi ingxilimbela. Otmiraya neziqu phantsi kweemeko ioksijini kwaye izaleko phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwaba carbon.

Njengoko umntu usebenzisa horsetails, ubulembu club kunye yefeni, ungakwazi ngokulula indlela umzekelo ubugqirha. Bonke bephela zizityalo ezixabisekileyo ezingamayeza. Umzekelo, horsetail uye hemostatic kunye umchamo. Enye nangabameli beSebe Lycopsida - Baranez zesiqhelo - lisetyenziswa njengendlela yokulwa butywala.

Imbewu ezi zityalo ziye kudala esisetyenziselwe nokuveliswa umdlalo. Kwishishini lamachiza nazo zisetyenziselwa amacwecwe ubulembu club obsypaniya kunye nokuveliswa powder baby.

Ixabiso iphambili izityalo ibihlungu eziphezulu nangoku ilele ekumisweni namalahle. Le idipozithi ezixabisekileyo ngezimbiwa sele bezisoloko mthombo obalulekileyo amandla, ekubeni isixa esikhulu ubushushu xa itshiswe. ezibalulekile zombane kumazwe amaninzi esekelwe kulo mbandela ekrwada.

Ngenxa yoko, ubulembu club, horsetails, yefeni liqela izityalo ibihlungu ephakamileyo, ezo izimbiwa ngokubanzi zimelwe kunye neentlobo yamandulo. Zezona yokuqala ukuza kulo ilizwe, esasenziwe Bulelani ukuba ukuvela iimpawu thuthu ngesakhiwo: ancedisana amalungu.