Ubunzulu-Mariana Trench

Kuba bonke abantu unexplored ebesoloko umdla omkhulu. Kwaye iinzulu zolwandle ukugcina iimfihlelo ezininzi kangangokuba ngaphezu kwesinye isizukulwana izazinzulu ziya kunikwa umsebenzi.

Kodwa kukho ezinye iindawo kwi mephu ukuba nje obubhenqwe isigqubuthelo of emfihlekweni, kwaye umxholo ezingundoqo namabali eyimfihlakalo.

Enye indawo enjalo - Mariana emkhombeni okanye indawo engenanto - imela eyona nkalo wendlela isiqabu-Ocean kwimimandla sethutyana lizwekazi. Kwiindawo ezinjalo, kukho kunciphiso kolwandle, kule fomu leyo inde, intlambo elimxinwa. Emingxunyeni zinzulu kakhulu Pacific.

Mariana Islands wanikwa igama lomnye anzongonzongo-olwandle imisele ubude ezimbini ezinesiqingatha ophosa. Eyahluke ngezantsi caba ububanzi apho 1-5 khilomitha, ezimilise-V engumnqantsa-macala. Ubunzulu iphezulu Mariana Trench imalunga 11 neekhilomitha. Le ndawo zinzulu kuzo zonke elwandle. Oku kunokuba umsantsa okanye enzonzobileni ngaphezu uxinezeleko.

Yintoni enye siyazi malunga nale ndawo mntu twisiseni? Ukufunda Mariana Trench yaqala ngenkulungwane ye-19, xa inqanawa "Challenger" kunye namalungu hambo IsiNgesi sanduluka kwibhodi ukwenza imilinganiselo ezinzulwini wePasifiki. Kwindawo emdaka yeyona yamandulo ezinzulwini zolwandle ehlabathini. Oku kuchaza ubunzulu Mariana Trench. Ngowe-1960, le bathyscaphe "Trieste" ukuze abaphandi ezimbini ababekhwele waziphosa inxalenye zinzulu ye isitya - Challenger Deep. Le ekufakeni yaba uhambo ezinzulwini ezifihlakeleyo yolwandle, njengoko ndabugqala mmandla kumkhombe ngokupheleleyo. Umngcipheko waba mkhulu. Igalelo lakhe ekufundweni lo mba wenze Hollywood umlawuli umboniso Dzheyms Kemeron, ngubani njengoko umntu wesithathu ehlabathini, uboyisa Mariana Trench, wayeqhuba izifundo waza wafumana ulwazi oluninzi olutsha olukhulu.

Abemi Mariana Trench ifuna ingxoxo eyahlukileyo. Ngowe-1958 hambo zezazinzulu Soviet kwaba ubukho ubomi ezinzulwini amawaka asixhenxe eemitha. Ngaphambi kule kwakucingwa ukuba akukho ngaphezulu amawaka amathandathu. Hi ndlela leyi, hambo bafumanisa ukuba ubunzulu iphezulu Mariana Trench nanye amawaka amabini amabini eemitha. Njengoko for eziphilayo, isifundo siqhutywa iimoto kwamanzi, ezenziwe ngezinto ngaphandle amandla omkhulu ubunzulu kokuba ulingelo ngokuzenzekelayo. Cameras, lweminwe nezixhotyiswe ezi zixhobo, eziphilayo esisigxina (amathanga yonke) ngezantsi uphawu amawaka asixhenxe eemitha. Ziziphi iimeko bahlala iimpethu unyawo ezintlanu-, izidalwa wabo ziimitha ezimbini ubude soft-eyomeleleyo, kwengwane mutated, ulwandle inkwenkwezi? Ebumnyameni iyonke, ukungabikho lisiza kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi kunye noxinzelelo enkulu hydrostatic. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, zonke izinto eziphilayo ahluka iimbono eyoyikekayo, kwaye zondla uninzi iintsholongwane.

Mariana isitya na kuloo ndawo, apho isiphoso ziitectonic plates, apho Pacific ipleyiti bent novulelweyo inxalenye phantsi Philippine. Kodwa njengokuba uxinzelelo enye ipleyiti ziitectonic plates ukuya omnye akakho, izazinzulu babeqinisekile ukuba iinyikima kule ndawo akunakwenzeka. Kodwa ngoku imfihlo lincipha kakhulu. Oku kona iinyikima ezimbini ezenzeka kwisiqithi iSumatra, kunye Japan ngo-2004 no-2011.

Ubunzulu kwiivenkile Mariana Trench kunzima kangaka ukuba Abafoti, izazinzulu ziya iminyaka emininzi ukuzama ukuphakamisa ikhuselo vu phezu kwalo yinxalenye Pacific Ocean. kwakhona oku yaqinisekisa umlawuli we Hollywood, ngubani kutshanje waba uphando. Eziwa ukuya kubunzulu kweekhilomitha elinanye, yamfota izinto ezininzi ezinomdla.