Ukuba zingangenwa emgangathweni yeplanga: iimpawu bokuqonda

Njengoko abaphumeleli engundoqo umgangatho ngomthi na susceptibility kwabo ibingenakunyakama. impembelelo yayo kunokubangela kubola kunye nokonakaliswa isigubungelo phantsi. Ngoko ke, amanzi kumgangatho ngomthi kulinyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuzalweni okutsha, le nxalenye yale ndawo nayiphi na injongo.

imihlobo zingangenwa

Namhlanje ungakhetha ukuba zingangenwa iiteknoloji ezikhoyo. Le ndlela iya kuxhomekeka injongo igumbi, isakhiwo isiseko kunye nohlobo esandeni entanjeni. Ngokutsho ezahlukeneyo izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nobuchwepheshe umsebenzi ngamanzi ingaba:

• ziphose;
• ukufaka;
• painting;
• Ukutshaja;
• kraftliner.

Ukuze ukhethe indlela luza kwenziwa amanzi kumgangatho ngomthi, kufuneka babenolwazi bokuqonda indlela nganye.

Features Ipeyinti zingangenwa

Eyona ndlela libiza kancinane kwaye lula iphunyezwe ukukhusela ukutyibilika ngomthi na ukuba zingangenwa Paint. Ubonelela isicelo Ipeyinti polymeric okanye bituminous. A Ububi yale ndlela ubu ukutyabeka wadala. Ngexesha ukusebenza, uya kuphulukana luthambe, okuyinene oko ngakumbi kwabo iimeko apho kukho umahluko lobushushu. Kamva, le ukutyabeka uya kufumana brittleness, kwaye iya kuyilwa phezu komhlaba zeetships neentanda. kweminyaka 6 emva kokuba umaleko imisebenzi amanzi baya kufuna imfuneko yokubuyiselwa. Ukuba uza kwenziwa emhlabeni ngamanzi ubuchwepheshe ngamaplanga, i-pre-phantsi kufuneka sanded, asuse wobuso zome kunye amabala grease. Emva kokuba umphezulu isale primer of bitumastic. Kufuneka ube owomileyo, kodwa bala wayo ngokusebenzisa irola okanye ibrashi. Kwezinye iimeko, le nkqubo iphindiwe izihlandlo eziliqela.

Le bokuqonda ukuba zingangenwa cast

Ukuba zingangenwa umgangatho ngomthi enokwenziwa ulilahle nobuchwepheshe. Kucingwa ethembeke ngakumbi khona namhlanje. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka sithembele iindlela imali eninzi. Ezisetyenziswa ziphele kuba imisebenzi iza kuba otyhidiweyo ibhitumene, asphalt okanye tar kwelizwi. Le nkcazelo iya kuba viscosity ethile ngokuxhomekeke amaqondo obushushu kunye nokwakheka. Ibhitumene engamanzi kufuneka ngumsindo ku-10 °, ngokubhekisele ezisezantsi-viscosity ukubunjwa, kwithempritsha yayo kufuneka ibe kuluhlu ° ukusuka-50 ukuya kuma-80. Ukubunjwa viscous itshiswa ukuya ° 120.

Phambi kokuba baqalise umsebenzi, isiseko ilungisiwe, kufuneka zicocwe, susa unothanda yaye owomileyo. Ngaphezu koko, priming kwenziwa ngebhitumene ezishushu. Apha weperimeter kufuneka ukwakha formwork. Umaleko ngamanzi itshiswe kwiqondo lobushushu oyifunayo, uze emva koko yonke kumphezulu igcwele. I-Wizard ilungelelanise ize otyhidiweyo, kwaye ishiya umphezulu logama nje ekwakhiweni eso sinyangekile na. Eziliqela maleko ezinjalo ukuba kugalelwe xa kuyimfuneko.

Ezikhululekileyo-fill zingangenwa

Zingangenwa kwe umgangatho endlwini ngomthi ingenziwa ngokuzalisa impahla eyodwa ebizwa ngokuba bentonite. Ngoncedo lwabo walungisa indawo kuhluthiswa. Phantsi yempembelelo yamanzi, le nto yenza ukuba ijeli apho aluyiyo unako yokudlulisela ukufuma. Ukongezelela iimpawu zingangenwa layer kuyilwa sele zokwambathisa amandla. Noko ke, ziyatyeba, leyo kunciphisa ubude isilingi. Phambi kokuba uqale ukugcwalisa i zingangenwa kufuneka enze formwork, leyo efakwe kujikelezo egumbini. Umphezulu na ukucocwa yaye yomile, emva kunokwenzeka ukuba uqala ukugcwalisa, ulungelelwaniso ngenyameko uphawu.

Izindululo for ukutyabeka elifumileyo

Ezo zililo ziquka izithako fillers nezimbiwa, yokuhlanganisa kunye nezongezelelo polymeric. Xa indima lokufaka wasebenzisa lwesamente. Lo mxube walungisa kufuneka isetyenziswe maleko eziliqela, nto leyo eya kudala ukhuseleko gidronepronitsaemuyu. Isiseko ukuba zingangenwa kufuneka icocwe ukusuka paint. Phakathi iimpawu zayo ndibopha - amandla nyanga ezinintsi nobunyulu. Maqhuqhuva iintanda kubandakanye up.

Lo mxube owomileyo kufuneka yongezwe ngamanzi, ngokulandela imiyalelo lomenzi. Ukubunjwa uzilungiselele kuxutywe, ekukhethwa usebenzisa ukwakhiwa lokuxhuba. Xa usebenza lobushushu kwigumbi kufuneka kuluhlu ukusuka ° +5 ukuya + 30. Ukusebenzisa isisombululo lwenziwa ngokwemaleko eziliqela, nto leyo ibe ukuya umgangatho ezine. kufuneka ulinde lokuphumla lemizuzu eli-10 phakathi kwabo. Xa inyathelo Ukuqinisa kumphezulu akayi kufuneka zinikwe omninzi, kufuneka athathwe ukuze ithemometha ayikho ngaphantsi 0 °. Oku kufuneka ukuphelisa yokoma.

Indlela ye akhande amatywina hydraulic

Zingangenwa kwe umgangatho kwindlu yamaplanga enokwenziwa kunye nobuchwepheshe nqanawa. Kulo mzekelo njo isiseko ngebhitumene roll, Polymer-itha okanye izinto polymeric. Kufuneka zenziwe inamacandelo ethintela ukubola. Njengoko ezi meko zingasentla, umphezulu mgangatho ukucocwa wome, yaye emva kokuba lisetyenziswa yemastic umaleko ubukhulu mayifike 1.5 mm. imiqulu Top ukuba liqengqiwe, lo adhesion kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa yokuncamathelisa ezisekelwe izinyibilikisi. Kubalulekile ukuba ebushushwini weld ndawonye seams pre-hlamba. Inani lamanqanaba kuya kuxhomekeka kumgangatho ubethwa emanzini.

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ukuba zingangenwa

Ukuba zingangenwa umgangatho rhabaxa ngamaplanga ukuba kakhulu, oko kuyimfuneko ukukhusela izinto kungekuphela nje ngasentla kodwa ngezantsi. Ukuba isakhiwo akukho kwigumbi elingaphantsi, ukuba zingangenwa lwenziwa kwinkqubo ukwakhiwa isiseko. Ngoxa ekwenzeni amanzi floor umsebenzi, nto leyo iba ongaphantsi ngezantsi, oku kungenziwa nobucukubhede. Ukhuselo izinto ukusuka ukufuma kufuneka bavelise uluhlu lwemisebenzi. Ngenxa yale nkqubo umoya subfield Lungisa. izakhiwo zomthi ukuphathwa kwisigcinakaliso, kwaye ukusuka kumphezulu ongaphantsi zigqunyiwe kunye Isoplast okanye izinto zokuxhoma uphahla. Zingangenwa yenziwa kubanjiswene ne usambathisa thermal.

Ukuba zingangenwa emgangathweni ngomthi lokuhlambela

Ukuba zingangenwa emphinini umgangatho kwigumbi lokuhlambela kufuneka ibe yimpumelelo njengokuba izinto ubethwa ukufuma rhoqo. Kuba ukwakhiwa kwale nxalenye igumbi kufuneka zikhethwe iinkuni izinto manzi ngohlobo-Aspen kunye larch. izinto floor ukumitha yenziwa izihlandlo ezininzi, izinto zokwambathisa ezikhoyo kufuneka potkryt zonke iinkcukacha phantsi ukutyibilika. izizathu ngokugcweleyo kufuneka sibekwe phezu komhlaba tile, nto leyo eya kuthintela ukungena kwamanzi. Ezinye umsebenzi ngamanzi enokwenziwa ngomnye iimfundiso ngasentla.

Zingangenwa kwe umgangatho sokuhlambela

ukhuselo floor sokuhlambela kaninzi eyenziwe zokwaleka okanye nqanawa kuthetha. Ukuze wenze oku, ungasebenzisa umbandela web okanye ezahlukeneyo kumafa yemastic. ukhuseleko Ukuthembeka kuya kuxhomekeka ubukhulu umaleko. Ukuba usebenzisa umbandela umboniso, kuyimfuneko ukuba bacinge malunga iglu. Njengoko omnye wemiqathango ephambili lumile kukuba akufuneki zikhupha izinto yingozi ukubekwa kumaqondo obushushu eziphakamileyo. Iingcali musa ikucebise njengoko insulators ukuba yokugquma kunye nokusetyenziswa uhlamba nophahla ngayo, njengoko bayo nobomi bayo ayikho phezulu, kodwa xa kushushubeziwe ukhupha iindawo component zeoli. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, emva ulenza libe ifuna ngetha processing luninzi. Ngaloo ndlela, amanzi umgangatho iinkuni sokuhlambela kufuneka zamafu polyethylene film.

Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba indlela esebenza kakhulu kukuba ityalwa. On sale uyakwazi ukufumana ziwe ezikhethekileyo jikelele ezisetyenziselwa naziphi na izinto. Kodwa ifilim leyo lubiza kakhulu. A Inani abakhi, yaye ngeke ikucebise ukwenza umsebenzi ngamanzi kwigumbi ubuxhaka-. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-gumbi kuya kuvela amavumba of rot nokuvunda. Noko ke, ukuba ukuthintela oku, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuhlela inkqubo umoya olongezelelweyo.

Ukhuseleko ngokuchasene ubumanzi emazantsi floor ngamaplanga

Amanzi phantsi emgangathweni iinkuni enokwenziwa emhlabeni. Enoba owomileyo na, lo msebenzi kufuneka nakanjani ukuvelisa. Ukulungiselela le njongo, isiseko lamanqanaba eziliqela, njengokuba owenza yokuqala zilinganisiwe kakuhle umhlaba ukuba zilinganisiwe ngesandla okanye kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa. Inyathelo elilandelayo liya kuba ngangentlabathi zokwandlala, nto leyo isebenza zingangenwa elungileyo. Ukuba kufuneka sisebenze kwimihlaba ashinyeneyo, kwanele iza kuba 10 umaleko cm. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umhlaba distending ezahlukeneyo sinotyekelo ebandayo, ingubo ukuphakama angandiswa ku-20 cm, ekubeni isiseko ithe gqolo ukufumana ukufuma ukufunxeka.

Inyathelo elilandelayo ugcwalisa ne-10 cm ngomaleko ilitye nakhandiweyo, nto leyo iba iqhezu eliphakathi okanye irhabaxa. Kumphezulu ubunjwe, nto leyo ethintela kwii ukufuma ukuze umphantsi nomphezulu. Ngaloo ndlela, usenokucima ukufikelela ukufuma ukuya yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa kunye yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa. Ukuba amanzi komhlaba ibekwe nzulu hayi ngaphezulu kwe m 2 ukusuka kumphezulu inkunkuma singavalwa ubumba eyandisiweyo, nto leyo ukhonza thermal ukuba zingangenwa. Ezi Ingaphandle kuyimfuneko xa ukhetha nayiphi na indlela umphezulu ngamanzi of ngokubekwa emgangathweni kunye nemithi Coatings.

Zingangenwa floor kwiipali

Ukwenza amanzi emgangathweni ngomthi kwiipali unokuba ngokulandela uhlobo lobuchwepheshe. Le ndawo yonke ngaphakathi le chap kuba oku yimfuneko ukwemba equleni, umgama ophakathi apho kufuneka ixabise 1.5 m. On ababetheki yabo ezantsi ibhuqiwe isanti kunye igrabile, yaye zingangenwa ngoko inqwaba ye polyethylene film. Kufuneka beze kumphezulu womhlaba 30 cm. Ukususela izitena ii iintsika emva kokuba yaphuse isicombululo ukuba lumakishwe zemastic manzi.

Best ukuba zingangenwa umgangatho iinkuni kulo mzekelo siqulathe ezahlukeneyo izinto. Umzekelo, phezu komhlaba isithuba phantsi emgangathweni ibhuqiwe izinto nophahla, apho webs ezo semali kunye kwibhitumene yemastic. Kufuneka sithathe phezu iindonga plinth 20 cm kunye paste ngetha. Angles ngenyameko wavala, izinto intle kwaye musa ukusika uze ulisonge nezibaya zemihlambi. Xa ufaka izinto nophahla ufuna ukwenza i gaqa kwi ezantsi kwisikhongozeli evaliweyo. Izibonda baphathwa ngebhitumene eziqwenga yafiphala kwemathiriyeli nophahla, nto leyo iyafakwa kwiiseli ezininzi. Ngoko ke amanzi phantsi ngamaplanga phantsi ithayile ekuLunyukisiweyo ngazo zinakho ukuqhutywa. Lo bugcisa kwi inyathelo elilandelayo ibandakanya ufakelo kwiintsika imiqadi floor elingqingqwa, leyo pre-ukuqhubekekiswa angena izinto amanzi. Imiqadi njo zezibonda, izinto zokubopha yesinyithi, bamisa yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa kunye emazantsi bar ngalinye ukakayi esingatshintshiyo, nto leyo eya kuba sisiseko sub-phantsi.

isiphelo

Nayiphi na impahla kwakho amanzi emgangathweni ngamaplanga enyulwe, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - sebenzisa iteknoloji ethile, enye apho unako ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kuni.