Ukuphuhliswa koluntu: yintoni, yintoni na

Imbali yentuthuko yabantu ihlale ikhona kwimimandla kuyo yonke ixesha lokuhlala kwayo nakwiindawo ezihlukeneyo zeplanethi. Ihlabathi lanamhlanje, njengoko sikwaziyo ngoku, liye lalingabongi nje ngokubugcisa obubugcisa. Uphuhliso lwayo lwaphinda lukhuthazwe ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo loluntu kunye nokunyuka kwayo, ukuphakama okukhulu kunye nokuhlaziywa. Ngengcamango yezoqoqosho nezentlalo, kwakukho iindlela ezininzi ezahlukileyo zokwabiwa kwamanqanaba okuphuhliso loluntu. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje ukuphuhliswa koluntu kwahlula kwiinqanaba ezinje.

I-Agrarian Society

Eli luntu limelelwa ngabasimili, apho liqukethe phantse ngokupheleleyo. Lo msebenzi kumhlaba kunye nokulima kwezityalo zegadi kunye negadi, isiseko saloo uluntu. Ukuthengiselana kwemali yempahla kwenziwa kuphela kwifom yezolawulo.

Umbutho Woshishino

Kwavela ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwamashishini kunye nokutshintshwa kwabasebenzi besikhokelo ngomshini, okwakushintsha kakhulu ukuphuhliswa koluntu kunye nolwalamano lwentlalo noqoqosho kulo.

I-post-industrial industry

Eli nqanaba selifikile kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi leNtshona. Kukwabizwa ngokuba nolwazi, kuba lwazi oluba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kweli xesha. Izigaba eziphambili zophuhliso lwentlalo yolwazi alunakucingwa ngokupheleleyo.

Indlela kaMarxist

Ukuhlola okujulileyo kunye nokuzalisekisa, ukubonisa izigaba zokuphuhliswa koluntu, kwakungumsebenzi kaKarl Marx phakathi kweXesti yeXIX, kunye nabalandeli bakhe kamva. Imbali yoluntu yoluntu uMarx ulwahlulo lwezinto ezi-5 ezisisiseko.

Ukuqulunqwa komphakathi

Uluntu alunayo nayiphi na intsalela yalo msebenzi. Yonke into yayidla.

Ukwakheka kwekhoboka

Inhlalakahle yoluntu ngokubanzi yayisekelwe kumsebenzi onyanzelekileyo wabasebenzi.

Ukwakhiwa kwamathambo

Kwimeko enjalo, kwakukho ulawulo lwamanqanaba olawulo oluphezulu kunye noluntu oluxhomekeke kuye. Izakhiwo zengcambu zoluntu ziqinisekisa umsebenzi walo obalulekileyo.

Umzuzu obalulekileyo

Le ndlela kunye neenkomfa zangaphambili zihambelana noluntu lwegrama. UMarx akazange ahluke ngokukodwa kwimisebenzi yakhe, kodwa abaphandi kamva baqaphele ukuba ngeYurophu ephakathi kweMpuma kwakukho indlela ebizwa ngokuba yintoliseko yemveliso. Ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuba yi-feudalism, kuba kwakungekho nqanaba lezentlalo, lonke ilizwe lilingumlawuli, kwaye zonke izifundo ziyizigqila zakhe, zithintela onke amalungelo ngokuthanda. Ngaphandle kwenkosi yaseYurophu yangexesha elide yayingenjenjalo kunye namakhosi akhe.

Ukwakhiwa kweengxowa-mali

Lapha ukunyanzeliswa kwakungekho iindlela ezinobundlobongela, kodwa izitya zoqoqosho. Kukho umthetho wangasese, iiklasi ezintsha, umxholo wezoshishino. Ubuninzi-buso buvela kwizizathu ezifanayo kunye noluntu.

Ukwakhiwa kobukhomanisi

Ubuncwane bobuhlanga, ngokweMarxist theorists, buye lwazalwa ngokutsha kwi-imperialism, ebonakaliswe ngokuxhaphazwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwabantu abaninzi abasebenza ngabathengisi. Ngenxa yoko, imbono yokuguqulwa kwehlabathi kunye nokwakhiwa komntu onelungelo oluthe ngqo. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso olongezelelekileyo loluntu kunye neNtsholongwane yeNtsholongwane kubonise ukuba ukwakhiwa kobuKomanisi, ubuncinane kweli nqanaba, akunakwenzeka. I-capitalism phantsi koxinzelelo lwaloo mva luye lwagqithisa, ukunyanzelisa ii-oligarchs zeNtshona ukuba zibonelele ngeziqinisekiso zokuphucula imeko yezoqoqosho kwi-strata ephantsi ukwenzela ukuphepha ukusabalalisa ukuthambekela kwesokunxele.