Ukuqhaqhaqhayisa okubangela: izizathu, iintlobo, iziphumo

Nge ukudumba uhlobo abathile kuwo sonke. Kwaye ukuba iindlela ezinkulu, ezifana semiphunga okanye ukudumba, wahlelwa yingozi ngezihlandlo ezikhethekileyo, iimbandezelo ezincinane ezinjengezo enenxeba okanye nomkrwelo - Kuyaziwa. Baye abaninzi banikele ingqalelo. Kodwa ke iingozi ezininzi ezincinane kunokubangela nokudumba exudative. Enyanisweni, isimo kwindawo echaphazelekileyo, apho waqokelela fluid ezithile, aze emva koko engena kweendonga capillary ngaphandle. Le nkqubo inzima kakhulu, esekelwe kwimithetho nemiba fluid nokwaziyo kungakhokelela kubunzima kwesi sifo. Kweli nqaku, siza sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha ezibangela ukuba oonobangela nokudumba exudative. Types (iziphumo ngamnye kubo azanelanga) olu hlobo iinkqubo ezithintela ukosuleleka kwakhona ingqalelo yaye kwangaxeshanye achaze, abathembele kuzo, njengokuba kwenzeka, ezinye zifuna unyango.

Ukudumba - kubi okanye ulungile?

Abaninzi baya kuthi, Kakade ke, komtshiso - embi, kuba yinxalenye phantse nasiphi na isifo kwaye izisa ukubandezeleka kwabantu. Kodwa enyanisweni, ngethuba zazivelela imizimba yethu iminyaka watsala i ezisebenza iinkqubo ukudumba ukuba bancede ukusinda xa neziphumo eziyingozi, amayeza ekuthiwa nokushukunyiswa. Iiplastiki iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, naziphi amanxeba yesikhumba, iikhemikhali (umz, iityhefu, ubuthi), imiba engentle yokusingqongileyo. Khusela ukusuka umsebenzi okungaqhelekanga zonke ezi zizinto thina kufuneka nje komtshiso exudative. Yintoni na? Ngaphandle kokuba zibe iinkcukacha, oko Kuyinto elula ukucacisa. Nawuphi isivuseleli, akuba ungene umzimba womntu, oko konakalisa iiseli. Oku kubizwa ngokulungiswa. Inika ukuqala inkqubo arhabaxa. iimpawu zayo, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo nesimo kunye nendawo ukuphunyezwa kwayo inokuba nomahluko. Phakathi umsindo eqhelekileyo:

• ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu okanye umzimba wonke okanye kuphela kummandla ochaphazelekayo;
• iindumbisa ingxenye achaphazelekayo;
• buhlungu;
• ububomvu elimele ndawo.

Ezi iimpawu eziphambili ngawo umntu aqonde ukuba sele iqalile nokudumba exudative. Le ifoto ngasentla kubonisa ngokubonakala iimpawu - bomvu, ukudumba.

Kwezinye nqanaba ukudumba kwimikhumbi yegazi ziqala ukuba yande fluid (exudate). Xa ingangena iindonga capillary ibe kwisithuba intercellular, nangokurhala exudative uba. Ngophanya nje lweliso, kubonakala ukuba le ngxaki ekhulayo. Kodwa enyanisweni, imveliso ye fluid, okanye, njengoko oogqirha bathi, exudation, kananjalo kufuneka. Ngenxa yakhe, ukusuka emithanjeni ancedisana ukufumana into ebaluleke kakhulu - immunoglobulins, kinins, enzayim plasma, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, leyo ngokukhawuleza sukela ukuya ukudumba eziko ukuya khona nokupheliswa etyabulayo nempiliso lweendawo ezonakeleyo.

Inkqubo exudation

Echaza oko ukudumba exudative, komzimba zophendlo lwezifo (ingqeqesho lifunda iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo) inika ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo inkqubo exudation, "ngumtyholwa" yale hlobo komtshiso oko. It iqulathe izigaba ezithathu:

1. Ukulungiswa. Yena Wabaleka kukhuphiswano lomgama oganikhi khompawundi ezikhethekileyo - mediators ukudumba (kinins, histamine, serotonin, kunye nezinye lymphokines). Phantsi kwempembelelo microvascular zabo ibhedi baqala ukwandisa, yaye ngenxa yoko, ukwanda permeability beendonga isitya.
2. Kwiindawo ngokubanzi imifula ukuhamba kwegazi waqalisa ukuhamba nzima. Kwakukho ebizwa ngokuba yi-ukugungxula, oko kukuthi, leyo, kukhokelele ekwandeni igazi yogcino (hydrodynamic).
3. Phantsi uxinzelelo ulwelo ngokusebenzisa microvessels anda mezhendotelialnye iintanda pores maxa wambi zabubamba ubukhulu tubular, izicwili exudate waqalisa ukuba ivuze. Amasuntswana yeencindi baye bafudukela kwiziko komtshiso oko.

iintlobo exudates

sathiwa ngokuchanekileyo exudate ulwelo ukukhutshwa empahleni zibe izihlunu, kwaye ulwelo efanayo abasindileyo kuloo ndawo ibinomthwebeba, - effusion. Kodwa amayeza la magama mabini kuhlanganiswa. Ukudumba Uhlobo exudative kumiselwa secretion ukubunjwa, esenokuba:

• serous;
• fibrotic;
• ubovu;
• elinukayo;
• sophele;
• yangaphakathi;
• hiloznym;
• hilusopodobnym;
• psevdohileznym;
• cholesterol;
• neutrophilic;
• eosinophilic;
• lymphocytic;
• mononuclear;
• mixed.

Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha yeyona ixhaphakileyo ukudumba exudative, izizathu zayo kwaye iimpawu iintlobo.

Ukusukela ukudumba serous exudative

Emzimbeni womntu le peritoneum, pleura, pericardium isale inwebu serous, benjenjalo ukumemeza ukusuka elithi "serum" Latin, elithetha "serum" kuba ukuvelisa ukufunxa fluid, efana serum igazi okanye umfanekiso. imifinya Serous nakwimo eqhelekileyo egudileyo, phantse ngaphaya, ilastiki kakhulu. Xa ukudumba exudative luqala, baba baberhabaxa kwaye buthuntu, kwaye serous exudate ubhalo ivela ancedisana amalungu. Oku kubonakele iiproteni (2%), lymphocyte, leukocytes, iiseli epithelial.

Izinto ezibangela ukudumba exudative ingaba:

• uhlukunyezwe etiologies ezahlukeneyo (isikhumba ingqibelelo, ukutsha, impovane, frostbite);
• ukunxila;
• izifo ezosulelayo yebhaktiriya (tuberculosis, meningitis, i-herpes, pox inkuku, njl);
• komzimba.

fluid Serous kunceda ukususa ubuthi ugxininiso ukudumba kunye etyabulayo. Kunye iimpawu zayo ezintle zikhona negative. Ngoko ukuba ukudumba serous exudative wabonakala parenchyma lung, ukuze aphuhlise ukusilela yokuphefumla, kwi pericardium - ukusilela lolwentliziyo meninges - ukudumba yobuchopho, zezintso - insufficiency kwezintso, xa kuthe kwakho eluswini ngezantsi sangaphandle - iyaxobuka ukusuka dermis kwaye ukuyilwa kumadyunguza serous. Iimpawu isifo ngasinye ngokwakho. Ngaba zibekwe zodwa esuka jikelele kwamaqondo obushushu kunye neentlungu. Nangona emuncu kuyingozi kakhulu leengxaki ALS kwiimeko ezininzi kakuhle, njengoko exudate ako, kungasali umkhondo, kunye imifinya serous athi afumaneke.

nezilonda fibrotic

Njengoko sele kutshiwo ngentla apha, zonke iintlobo ukudumba exudative emiselwe ukwakhiwa netuwa, xa isusela microvessels. Ngenxa yoko, exudate ezinezikhondo ifunyenwe xa phantsi intshukumo ye zizinto ezithintela ukosuleleka (trauma, ulosuleleko) lwenza kwenani protein lwefibrinogen. Ngokwesiqhelo, le omdala kumele kube 2-4 g / l. I lolwabo umonakalo lulwelo aguqulelwe fibrin. Oku kwakhona iproteni ukuba unalo isakhiwo ezinezikhondo yaye sisiseko egazi. Ukongeza, kukho ezinezikhondo exudate leukocytes, macrophage, monocytes. Kwinqanaba elithile, kukukrala iphuhlisa necrosis ye ancedisana abachatshazelwa yi isivuseleli. Bona buzane exudate ezinezikhondo, ngaloo ndlela bakha ezinezikhondo umboniso kumphezulu wazo. Phantsi kulo ngenkuthalo ekuphuhliseni iintsholongwane ukuba nzima ikhondo sifo. Kuxhomekeka bhanyabhanya kunye neempawu zayo kwasendaweni ukwahlula pseudomembrane croupous kunye nokudumba ezinezikhondo exudative. komzimba yezifo uchaza iiyantlukwano zabo:

1. ukudumba Pseudomembrane angenzeka amaziko, leyo zizele iqokobhe multi-sixhobo sekhombuya esinee - emqaleni, isibeleko, lobufazi, isinyi, lokugaya. Xa oku ezinezikhondo ifilim abunjwe elingqingqwa, ngokungathi likhule yimizimba iqokobhe. Ngoko ke, kunzima ukuba zisuswe, kwaye kushiya nezilonda. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuba ndiphilise, kodwa amanxeba ingaqhubeka. Kukho nenye ububi - kuba lo mboniso iintsholongwane ziyazala ngakumbi, ukuze isigulana iimveliso ityhefu eziphezulu kwimisebenzi yabo ebalulekileyo. Eyona edume kakhulu kolu hlobo sifo nokudumba - umphimbo.
2. ukudumba Croupous emizimbeni yangaphakathi wabumba camera monolayer iqokobhe: kwi bronchi, lo peritoneum, uqhoqhoqho, pericardium. Ngoko ke wafumana ezinezikhondo umboniso obhityileyo, ngokulula asuswayo, ngaphandle iziphene ezibalulekileyo yangaphakathi. Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko, oku kungabangela iingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana ukudumba uqhoqhoqho nga ithintele umoya kwemali emiphungeni.

Exudative ubovu ukudumba

Le ngezifo elifana neli xa exudate yi ubofu - ubunzima yomsebenzisi-yellow viscous, kwiimeko ezininzi ukuba zibe livumba isici. ukwakheka wayo malunga ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, uninzi lwazo zitshatyalalisiwe, albumin, imisonto fibrin, enzayim ye imvelaphi ngeentsholongwane, cholesterol, lipids, amaqhekeza DNA, lecithin, globulin. Ezi zinto zenza ubovu serum. Ngaphandle kuyo, lo exudate ekhoyo ubovu detritus inyama, ukuphila kunye / okanye kwesinye iintsholongwane iiseli ubovu. Ubovu ukudumba angenzeka na emzimbeni. "Wabaqhuba" ubukrakra, bavame iintsholongwane pyogenic (ezahlukeneyo cocci, Escherichia coli, Proteus), kwakunye Candida, Shigella, Salmonella, Brucella. Forms ubovu exudative ukudumba kungaba njalo;

1. Ithumba. Iluphawu eziko kunye capsule umqobo kuthintela kokungena ubofu emzimbeni ezingqongileyo. Kwigumbi kwisisu oluhlala ubovu exudate ungena khona ngenxa emithanjeni umqobo capsule.
2. Ithumba. Kule fomu komtshiso eziko imida ecacileyo kunye ubovu exudate kwanwenwa izihlunu ezikufutshane kunye ukuqanda. Le ndlela singabonakala kwiingcamba ongama, umzekelo, xa izihlunu adipose kwi retroperitoneal kunye neendawo perirenal apho isakhiwo morphological ka nyama ivumela ubomvu, ukuba ningazicingeli ngaphezu ugqaliselo komtshiso oko.
3. Empyema. Le fomu efana ithumba wayemgcinile kwi nemingxuma, ecaleni apho kukho igxile komtshiso oko.

Ukuba ubomvu ekhoyo neutrophils ezininzi sisiba mandundu, exudate neutrophilic ebizwa ubovu. Ngokubanzi, indima neutrophils kukuba ukutshabalalisa iintsholongwane kunye nomngundo. Bona oonogada nesibindi, ukuphoswa kakhulu yokuqala iintshaba abaye ngokunyebelezela emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke, xa lokuqala neutrophils ukudumba kakhulu yonke, baze exudate mikrognoynym ebizwa. Njengoko ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi luyatshatyalaliswa ize ubofu inkoliso yabo abaye akasukanga.

Ukuba nakujoliso olutsha ukudumba kuwa amagciwane putrefactive (kwiimeko ezininzi iintsholongwane anaerobic), ubovu exudate iba elinukayo. Kuye ivumba iimpawu kunye nombala kwaye ikhuthaza yokubola kwithishyu. It igcwele ukunxila aphezulu ephilayo kwaye isiphumo esibi kakhulu.

Unyango ubovu ukudumba isekelwe phezu nokusebenzisa imithi kunye secretion nokuqinisekisa kwegumbi ukuphuma. Maxa wambi kufuneka uqhaqho. Uthintelo ukudumba onjalo kweentsholongwane amanxeba. Unyango lwesi sifo ukuba abe ayaphumelela kuyo ichemotherapy olunzulu kuphela xa nokususwa zoqhaqho ezibolayo iziqwenga.

sophele ukudumba

Xa izifo ezithile eziyingozi kakhulu ezifana anthrax, ingqakaqha, isibetho, ityhefu influenza kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukopha nokudumba exudative. Izizathu layo ukwandisa permeability of microvessels de iinyembezi zabo. Le exudate ngoxa kugcwele iiseli ezibomvu ngegazi, ukuze umbala wayo iyahluka opinki ukuya ebomvu emnyama. Nokubonakaliswa yangaphandle ukopha ukudumba ngokufanayo legazi, kodwa, ngokungafaniyo nevuthisayo ngexesha le exudate wafumana erythrocytes nje kuphela kodwa inxalenye encinane neutrophils kunye macrophage. Unyango sophele ukudumba exudative yabelwa ejolise kudidi ezincinane esakhokelela kuyo. Isiphumo esi sifo kuba ntle kakhulu, ukuba uthomalaliso iqalwa emva kwexesha kwaye ukuba umzimba yomguli ayinayo amandla ngokwaneleyo ukumelana nezifo.

catarrh

A phawu olulodwa kwesi sifo kukuba exudate ngoxa ukuze ibe serous kunye ubovu, kunye ukopha, kodwa usoloko yencindi yomlomo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-secretion uxakaxa usenziwa. Ngokungafaniyo serous, kuveza mucin ngakumbi antibacterial arhente lysozyme kwaye immunoglobulin A iklasi. It senziwa ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• ekungenweni amagciwane;
• iziphumo imichiza umzimba, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu;
• yokuphazamiseka nethe;
• ziyabagulisa (umz nokuthimliswa uyalisa).

ukudumba Catarrhal exudative kwafunyaniswa iphika, catarrh, nokuthimliswa, gastritis, catarrhal okwenziwa sisilonda, izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla, pharyngitis, kwaye kwenzeka ngeendlela oyingozi futhi ezigulo ezondeleyo. Kwimeko yokuqala kubhaliwe sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki 2-3. Okwesibini, utshintsho kwi isifo - yoma, apho iqokobhe uba thinner, okanye hypertrophy, apho, phezu koko, lo isifo sobisi anquma kwaye ezivelileyo zibe lapho umzimba.

Indima yencindi exudate-mbini. Kwelinye icala, oko kunceda ulwe usulelo, yaye kwelinye icala, nokwanda yalo nemingxuma iziphumo kwiinkqubo ezongezelelweyo lwezidumbu, ezifana yencindi kwi sinuses ngeempumlo ikhuthaza sinusitis.

Unyango ngamachiza exudative ukudumba catarrhal kuqhutywa antibacterial, physiotherapy kunye neendlela zemveli ezifana ukuzifudumeza, pula kunye izisombululo ezahlukeneyo, loo nokudla infusions kunye decoctions wemifuno.

ukudumba Exudative: iimpawu ezithile olwelo exudative

Ekhankanywe apha ngasentla kunye exudates psevdohilezny chylous ukubonakala zokonzakala neempahla emithanjeni. Umzekelo, kwi incum oko kuba komsipha we bile thoracic. exudate Chylous emhlophe ngebala ngenxa yobukho kuwo eyandileyo izixa okunamafutha.

Kwakhona Psevdohilezny abe nombala ezimhlophe, kodwa amafutha ngaphezulu kwe 0,15% kuyo, kodwa kukho into mucoid, imizimba protein, nukleina, lecithins. Yena yabonakala nephrosis lipoid.

White kunye exudate hilusopodobny, sinike nje umbala yaphela iiseli akasukanga. It ukhandwa ukudumba ezingapheliyo lweenwebu serous. Kwisisu kunjalo isibindi kwesibindi, pleural - in sephepha, umhlaza pleura, negcushuwa.

Ukuba exudate lymphocyte ezininzi kakhulu (90%), ibizwa ngokuba lymphocytic. Imela kuphuma iimpahla xa tuberculosis pleural. Ukuba khona efihlakeleyo cholesterol, ngalo mfanekiso ibizwa ngokuba cholesterol. It has a guquki elingqingqwa, umbala bulubhelu okanye sinombala, kwaye kuyilwa kuyo nayiphi na exudative ulwelo ukuba lweHo- apho kokuba efunde ixesha elide, na reabsorption ngamanzi nezimbiwa amasuntswana.

Njengoko ubona, kukho iintlobo ezininzi exudates, nganye leyo uphawu uhlobo oluthile ukudumba exudative. Kwakhona, kukho iimeko apho nanini na isifo unesifo ukudumba mixed exudative, ezifana sero-ezinezikhondo okanye seropurulent.

Iifom Acute and ezingapheliyo

ukudumba Exudative ezingakhona uhlobo oyingozi okanye engapheliyo. Kwimeko yokuqala ngayo impendulo ngephanyazo ukuya isivuseleli kunye nesimo yenzelwe ukuphelisa. Izinto ezibangela le fomu yenkqubo yokukrala inokuba lukhulu. Avamise kakhulu:

• okubi;
• usulelo;
• ubuthi chemical;
• ukuphazamiseka naliphi na ibhunga kunye neenkqubo.

Exudative Acute ukudumba luphawulwa ububomvu kunye ukudumba abenzakeleyo ndawo, iintlungu, nomkhuhlane. Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ngenxa wosulelo izigulane ezineempawu eziphawulwe ukuphazamiseka yawo kunye intoxications.

ukudumba Acute ethatha ixesha elifutshane kakhulu, yaye ukuba uthomalaliso kwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo, wabaphilisa ngokupheleleyo.

ukudumba Chronic exudative ingahlala iminyaka. Oku imelwe ubovu kunye catarrhal iindidi komtshiso oko. Ngelo xesha ukuphilisa iphuhlisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwithishyu. ukudumba ezingapheliyo nixolelwe nomonde Nangona ochaphazelekayo ngenkankulu, oko ekugqibeleni kunokukhokelela luya (cachexia), utshintsho sclerotic nasezimpahleni, ukuphazamiseka lakho amalungu kunye ukuyilwa yamathumba. Unyango uyalwa ngokuyintloko ukugcina kwisigaba kuxolelwe. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba likubona kubaluleke kakhulu kwindlela efanelekileyo, ukutya, ukomeleza amajoni omzimba.