Ukuvuna beet ixesha yokudlela neswekile

Beet - enye izityalo ingcambu kakhulu ithandwa - okhule kwilizwe lethu yonke indawo. Kulinywa yale yesityalo abandakanyeka kuzo zombini iifama ezinkulu kunye namafama kunye egadini kwiindawo zabo eziqhelekileyo ipoma. beet Khula, kwakunye nayiphi na eminye imifuno, kunye nokulandelwa ubugcisa ezithile. Noko ke, ukuze ufumane isivuno esihle - kodwa kuphela isiqingatha edabini. Kubalulekile ukuba ugcine kakuhle ebusika ngokulinganayo. Kwaye oku kufuneka ukwazi oko ubugcisa kunye ngokoMthetho beet.

root imihlobo

Zonke amasimi izabelo zabucala beet kulinywa Russian yahlulwe iindidi ezimbini eziphambili: igumbi lokutyela, kunye neswekile. Uhlobo lokuqala ibhekisela yenkcubeko. Leyo beet ezilinywa abakhenkethi kwi ngeegadi zabo. Sugar beet inxulumene izityalo mveliso. Xa ukutya oko iyasetyenziswa. Luthe lwahluma kuphela amafama ezinkulu akhasayo kunye namashishini ezolimo, yaye luyasetyenzwa ukuvelisa iswekile.

beet ukucoca

iintlobo zezityalo Root ezi zilwanyana ukuze kwangethuba, phakathi kwexesha nasemva kwexesha. Ngokwahlukeneyo, uya kuba ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ke ixesha lokuvuna sabo. esivuthiweyo akhawunti beet bokuqala malunga 50-80 iintsuku. Xa utyala ekupheleni kuka-Epreli - ekuqaleni May, ngoko ke isivuno nga kuhlanganisana ekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kuJulayi. Noko ke, abalimi basekhaya adla yenyuka amacebo abo kuphela oluphakathi okanye late- iintlobo beet. Isibakala sokuba kuphela ezi iingcambu zigcinwe kakuhle ebusika. Ezi ntlobo nga zivuthwe kwiintsuku 80-100 emva kwe xesha. Ngoko ke, xa utyala kuka April nemihla ukuvuna beet eliphakathi-amabanga kwenzeka ekupheleni kuka Agasti - ngoSeptemba. Kade-beet zivuthwe phakathi-Septemba - ekuqaleni Oktobha.

Kakade ke, ixesha lokuvuna kule inkcubeko iya kuxhomekeka kuquka kwimozulu kwindawo ethile. Ngoko ke, ixesha lokuvuna beet kwi Urals - idla Umbindi - ekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Ngo-Oktobha, lo mmandla zingenzeka kuneqabaka ebusuku. Kunjalo eSiberia. Apha, ukuvuna ke kwatshintsha nangakumbi.

Yintoni Ekufuneka Uzazi

A feature of beet kukuba iqale ukukhula ngokubonakalayo ingakumbi emva kokuba yasekwa esitratweni imozulu ipholile. Ukongeza, ngeli xesha, inani eliphezulu izondlo iqala ukuze yande iingcambu. Ngoko ke, abalimi kunye namafama bazama ukususa isivuno kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngomhla oya kulandela kamva. Nangona kunjalo, kakhulu yokulibazisa le nkqubo akakwazi kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Beet Ukucoca kwi namadlelo, umzekelo, yenziwa kamva kunokuba Oktobha 14. Inyaniso kukuba kwimeko yovalo ezingcanjini le nkcubeko ezivakala ngokupheleleyo ukugcinwa. Ngoko ke, kufuneka iqokelelwe phambi ekuqaleni kuneqabaka.

Ukuba ungalibali isivuno, yaye kwimeko imozulu emanzi kakhulu ekwindla. Kungenjalo iingcambu ziya kuba anzongonzongo kakhulu, hayi ingakumbi okunencasa kwaye abalufumani igcinwe. Ukuba ekwindla zimanzi, ixesha beetroot ukuvuna kwi Urals kunye eSiberia zinga hanjiswa kuzo ekuqaleni - phakathi ngoSeptemba, yaye inxalenye yaseYurophu of Russia - ekupheleni kwenyanga.

Indlela ukuba bembe ngaphandle

Amafama kunye namashishini amakhulu ezolimo, ukuze bachithe ukuvunwa beet emasimini, ngoSeptemba-Oktobha. Abanini buqu izindawo ngokuqhelekileyo ukuqalisa le nkqubo ngoJulayi. Ngeli xesha, izityalo beet ingcambu sele kufikelelwe 4-5 cm ububanzi, yaye enokusetyenziselwa borsch ukupheka, salads, njl Noko ke, imiqathango eziphambili lokuvuna beet kulo mzekelo zezona :. efanayo Septemba-Oktobha.

Xa yokuvunwa kufuneka bagcine nemithetho zilandelayo:

• iingcambu wemba kufuneka zome yaye ngoko nangoko nxiba isuntswana yokugcina efanayo. Shiya beet saa emhlabeni ecaleni emityinweni kufuneka libe lide. Kungenjalo uya kuphulukana ubunzima kwaye ngeke inencasa.

• Phambi yokugcina kwi beet ezincotsheni kunqunyulwa. Xa izityalo iingcambu ngexesha elifanayo ukuhlala petioles elide elingekho ngaphantsi kwe-1.5 cm.

• Beet agcinwe endaweni efihlakeleyo okanye elingaphantsi kwiibhokisi kubushushu ka 1-3 c.

ukucocwa beet yedipozithi kufuneka kwenziwe ngendlela eyiyo. Le isizwe umgangatho nokugcinwa kakuhle kakhulu. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba ngaba kukho ukutyeshelwa ilahleko hoxa kunokuba ebonakalayo.

ukuvuna Xa sugar beet

Olu uhlobo elinywayo basoloko kuphela kwimihlaba emhlabeni abamnyama kwimimandla ekumzantsi eRashiya naseUkraine. ixesha layo ukuvunwa ingqamana nexesha yokuqokelela table beet. iingcambu iswekile kunye iqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza xa kuqala ubusika. Ngelo xesha ekwindla ukuba kakhulu ukwandisa isiqulatho iswekile. Kwaye yintoni na, ke, kakade, engcono.

Indlela zokucoca

Ngokuqinisekileyo, kwimihlaba lwenkcubeko dig indlela imishini. yokuvuna Ukuvuna sugar beet singenziwa:

• Ngokutsho indlela kwimveliso. Kulo mzekelo, iingcambu nangoko abalunikelwayo sveklopriemny ingongoma.

• indlela ehambayo. Kulo mzekelo, pre-ezenziwe wokucoca beet ukwenzela ukugcinwa (okwexeshana). imifuno zingenangcambu enokulahlwa ziimfumba ezizodwa, landlelwe ngqo emasimini.

• Zobuchwepheshe mixed. Kulo mzekelo, ebusuku walala beet e okubamba, nemini bathuthwayo collection points.

Le nkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lephulo lokuvuna lo uthathwa njengomiselo oluchanekileyo izixhobo. Nawuphi impazamo kunokukhokelela nelahleko ebonakalayo isivuno. Ukusebenza ukwakhiwa ovunayo kufuneka licwangciswe ngokungqinelana ngqo kunye izithuba kumqolo entsimini beet kunye nobunzulu ingenzeka izityalo ingcambu.

Indlela ukuze lizisebenzise

Ngoko, sugar ixesha lokuvuna beet - .. I enye igumbi lokutyela, oko kukuthi, ekupheleni kukaSeptemba (malunga nama-20 inani) - ekuqaleni kuka-Oktobha. Ngeli xesha kwi beet sele efunde iswekile eninzi (hayi ngaphantsi kwe-13%, nge-avareji - 20-25%). Kulandela izinto okuvunwe kumasimi kweengcambu uza izityalo yokwenza. Apha sugar atsalwa phantsi. Oku kwenziwa ngolu hlobo:

• Efunyenwe juice beet into ihlanjululwa ukusuka non-iswekile usebenzisa ikalika.

• I-excess isuswe le carbonation lokugqibela usebenzisa carbon dioxide.

• Ukunciphisa kususwe ayinayo, kunye nombala usebenzisa sulphur dioxide.

• Okulandelayo, incindi obegalelwe kulo evaporators for ukuqina.

• Le isiraphu kwaphumela ikhutshwa kwindawo icentrifuge ekhethekileyo.

• Amdaka ngoko iswekile utshile kunye nomoya oshushu.

Ngoko ke, i ngakumbi uqulathwe kwi sugar beet, kokukhona inzuzo ngayo iza kukhula. Kwaye oko kuthetha into enye kuphela - ukuba bagcine imiqathango ukuvuna beet kufuneka ngokuchaneke kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo iintlobo itafile rhoqo. imifuno Underexposure iingcambu emityinweni, ngendlela efanayo perederzhivat ayinakwenzeka. amatswele amakhulu okumnandi zingafumaneka kanye ngexesha dig bemke emhlabeni.