Ulwazi malunga neLanga. Inyaniso enomdla malunga nelanga

Ukukhanya kwelanga kuyimvelaphi yeemeko ezintle kunye nokuvuya. Kwimozulu yezulu, abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba bacinezelekile, baneliswe kukudandatheka. Nangona kunjalo, wonke umntu uyazi ukuba imozulu embi iya kugqiba kungekudala, kwaye ilanga liya kubonakala esibhakabhakeni. Kuqhelekileyo kubantu abavela kubuntwaneni, kwaye bambalwa kakhulu abantu bacinga malunga nento ekhanya ngayo. Ulwazi oludumileyo malunga neLanga kukuba inkwenkwezi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iinyani ezininzi ezithandekayo ezinokubangela umdla kubo bobabini kunye nabantu abadala.

Yintoni ilanga?

Ngoku wonke umntu uyazi ukuba i-Sun yinkwenkwezi, kwaye ayikho indawo enkulu ekhanyayo efana neeplanethi. Yifini yegesi ephakathi. Icandelo eliphambili le nkwenkwezi yi-hydrogen, ehlala malunga ne-92% yomsindo wayo. Ekubeni i-7% i-helium, kunye nepesenti ezisele zabelwana ngazo ngokwazo ezinye izinto. Ezi ziquka intsimbi, i-oxygen, i-nickel, i-silicon, isulfure nabanye.

Uninzi lweenkwenkwezi liveliswa ngenxa ye-thermonuclear synthesis ye helium evela kwi-hydrogen. Ulwazi malunga neSelanga oluqokelelwe ngabazinzulu lusivumela ukuba sibekwe njengeG2V ngokuhlelwa kwezibuko. Olu hlobo lubizwa ngokuba yi "yellow dwarf". Kule meko, ilanga, ngokuchasene nenkolelo eninzi, likhanya ngokukhanya okumhlophe. Ukukhanya okwephuzi kubonakala njengesiphumo sokusabalalisa kunye nokutyathwa ngumoya weplanethi yethu yenkqutyana emfutshane yecala lemibala yalo. Ilanga lethu - i-Sun - liyingxenye ebalulekileyo ye- Milky Way galaxy. Ukususela kwiziko layo inkwenkwezi ikude kwiminyaka engama-26,000, kwaye enye inguqu ejikeleze kuyo ihlala kwi-225-250 yezigidi zeminyaka.

Ukukhanya kwelanga

Ilanga noMhlaba zihlukaniswe ngumgama wee-149600 zeekhilomitha eziliwaka. Nangona kunjalo, imisebe yelanga iyona mthombo omkhulu wamandla kwiplanethi. Ngomoya oMhlaba awudluli yonke ivolumu yayo. Amandla eSelanga asetyenziswa izityalo kwiinkqubo ze-photosynthesis. Ngale ndlela, iindidi ezahlukeneyo zendalo zenziwa kunye neoksijini ikhutshwa. Ukukhanya kwelanga kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa umbane. Ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina amandla yamatye kunye namanye amaminerali kubonakala kudlulileyo kwiphepha lemibala yale nkwenkwezi eqaqambileyo. Imisebe ye-ultraviolet ye-Sun ifanelwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Unayo impahla ye-antiseptic, ingasetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwamanzi. Impembelelo yomswakama we-ultraviolet kunye neenkqubo ze-biological emzimbeni womntu, obangela ukubonakala kwesikhumba esikhumbeni, kunye nokuveliswa kwe-vitamin D.

Ubomi beSikolo

Ilanga lethu - i-Sun - iyinkwenkwezi encinane, eyesizukulwana sesithathu. Iqule nenani elikhulu lezinyithi, elibonisa ukubunjwa kwalo kwezinye ienkwenkwezi zezizukulwana zangaphambili. Ngokwezinzululwazi, ilanga lineminyaka engama-4.57 yezigidigidi. Ngenxa yokuba umjikelezo wobomi wenkwenkwezi yiminyaka eyi-bhiliyoni eyi-10, ngoku iphakathi kwayo. Kule nqanaba, i-helium ye-helium ephuma kwi-hydrogen ivela kwi-Sun. Kancinci, inani le-hydrogen liza kuncipha, inkwenkwezi iya kutshisa, kwaye ukukhanya kwayo kuya kuphakama. Emva koko i-hydrogen egcinwe kwi-nucleus iya kupheliswa ngokupheleleyo, inxalenye yayo iya kudlula kwigobolondo yangaphandle ye-Sun, kwaye i-helium iya kuqala ukukhupha. Iinkqubo zokupheliswa kweenkwenkwezi ziza kuqhubeka zigidi zeeminyaka, kodwa zikhokelela ekuguqulweni kwayo kuqala zibe yinto enkulu ebomvu, ize ibe yinto emhlophe.

Ilanga noMhlaba

Iqondo lokukhanya kwelanga liya kuxhomekeka kubomi kwiplanethi yethu. Emva kweminyaka engama-1 yezigidigidi, kuya kuba namandla kangangokuba ububanzi bomhlaba buza kutshabalalisa kwaye bungafanelekanga kwiintlobo ezininzi zobomi, zihlala kuphela ezinzulwini zamanxweme nakwiindawo ezisemgangathweni. Ngeminyaka yobudala be-Sun malunga neminyaka eyi-8 yezigidigidi, imimiselo eplanethi iya kubalelwa kwalabo abaseNetus. Akuyi kuba namanzi ashiywe nonke, iya kuphelelwa yiyo yonke indawo. Oku kuya kubakho ukusabalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zobomi. Njengoko i-Sun ingundoqo iyancipha kwaye igobolondo layo langaphandle liyakhula, amathuba okubamba iplanethi yethu ngamacandelo angaphandle kwiplasma yenkwenkwezi iya kwanda. Oku akuyi kwenzeka kuphela xa uMhlaba ujikeleza ngeLanga ujikeleza kude kumgama ngenxa yokutshintshela kwenye indawo.

Intsimi yamagnetic

Ulwazi malunga neLanga, oluqokelelwa ngabaphandi, lubonisa ukuba inkwenkwezi enkulu. Intsimi yamagneti eyenziwe nguyo iguqula isikhokelo sayo yonke iminyaka eyi-11. Ukuxhatshazwa kwalo kuyahlukahluka ngexesha. Yonke le nguqulelo ibizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzi we-solar, obonakalisa iziganeko ezikhethekileyo, umzekelo, i- sunspots, umoya, iingubo. Ziyimbangela ye- polar auroras kunye neziphepho ze-geomagnetic, ezichaphazela kakubi ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezithile eMhlabeni, impilo yabantu.

Ukukhanya kwelanga

Ulwazi malunga neLanga, oluqokelelwa yiokhokho kwaye luye lwasinda nanamhla, luqulethe iingxelo eziye zavela kwixesha elidlulileyo. Inani elikhulu lawo lichazwe ngexesha leMinyaka ephakathi. Ukuphela kwelanga kukubangelwa ukuvalwa kweenkwenkwezi yiNyanga ukusuka kumbonisi oMhlaba. Iyakwazi ukugqiba, xa ubuncinci ukusuka kwelinye iplanethi yethu idiski yelanga ifihlwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye iyingxenye. Ngonyaka kukho izihlandlo ezimbini ukuya kwezihlanu. Kwinqanaba elithile loMhlaba, bavela ngexesha le-200-300 iminyaka. Abathandayo babukeka esibhakabhakeni, ilanga linokubona ukusila komnyaka. Inyanga ivala idisk yenkwenkwezi, kodwa ngenxa yobubanzi obuncinci ayikwazi ukuyiqhawula ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, umlenze "umlilo" uhlala ubonakala.

Kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukubukela iLanga ngamehlo abuke, ikakhulukazi kwiibinki okanye i-telescope, kuyingozi kakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela ekungabikho komonakalo obonakalayo. Ilanga lisondelene nomhlaba wethu kwaye likhanya kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwesongelo kwimpilo yelihlo, unokukujonga kuphela ngexesha lokuphuma kwelanga nokushona kwelanga. Ngalo lonke ixesha, kufuneka usebenzise izihlungi ezikhethekileyo ze-dimming okanye iphrojekthi umfanekiso kwisikrini esimhlophe usebenzisa i-telescope. Le ndlela iyakwamkeleka kakhulu.