Ihlathi izilwanyana ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia: photo kunye nenkcazo

Ngokunxulumene zanyamalala kwiminyaka yakutshanje yezinto ezininzi enezityalo nezilwanyana kufuneka athathe amanyathelo ngokungxamisekileyo ukuze ndibahlangule. Nangona izilwanyana ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia, baphantsi ukhuselo olukhethekeliyo karhulumente, inani abantu abathile kubo baqhubeka ukwehla.

Izizathu yokuduka izilwanyana

Le yingxaki kumazwe amaninzi. Zalisa Ukunyamalala iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana kwiplanethi yethu yinkxalabo enkulu zokulondolozwa. Esona sizathu siphambili le meko luthathwa ukugxojwa yemali eseleyo zendalo ngenxa yongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, nto leyo iba nefuthe elibi ehlabathini isilwanyana.

Kuye indima enkulu kunye nesimo sengqondo consumerist yomntu indalo. Ukuzingela ngaphandle kwemvume iye yakhokelela ukuba ehle kakhulu abemi iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana kwaye ezinye zazo ziye zanyamalala ngonaphakade. Ilizwe lethu - akukho ngaphandle. Bona zisemngciphekweni lokutshabalala kunye nezilwanyana ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia (inkcazo kakhulu ezinqabileyo kubo inikwe kweli nqaku).

I-Red Book of Russia

Ukongeza i-International Red Book, uxwebhu wadalwa eRashiya ngo-2001. Iqulathe data kwi iwonga kunye nokusasazwa izilwanyana ezinqabileyo kunye nezityalo kummandla welizwe lethu, imeko yabo, kunye namanyathelo nokhuselo. The Book Red - yinto kukukhumbuza zonke indlela ukuzikhusela indalo yethu. Ukuphucula iimeko zabo zokuphila ngokusika kwamahlathi kutsalwe imigxobhozo, omnye kufuneka ungalibali abo basondeleyo. Logama nje oku uxwebhu lwaseburhulumenteni kuphela, nto leyo iba indlela ukukhusela izilwanyana nezityalo.

Isibakala sokuba imigudu zokulondolozwa ukuzinzisa le meko, uthe into yokuba ezinye izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia, izintlu supplement kufakwa kumaphepha ayo eluhlaza ukwazisa malunga izilwanyana nezityalo ukuba nimoyisile ke ingongoma ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni labemi.

Noko ke, iintlobo ezisengozini izilwanyana abahlala kwilizwe lethu usathandwa, kakhulu kunene.

engasekhoyo

Ezi zilwanyana yamandla ukuya kwiimitha ezimbini nezinobunzima maxa wambi ngaphezu kwewaka eekhilogremu zasuswa kwathi phantse ngokupheleleyo endle ukuya ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela. Bala inani labantu kuphela zoo eYurophu. Le meko iye yakhula ngenxa ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi, liyanda inani ukuhlaliswa kwabantu kwendawo inyathi, ngokunjalo ekuzingeleni olunzulu.

Nangona ngaphambili ezi zilwanyana enamandla kwaye ezintle afunyanwa rhoqo kuphela emahlathini, kodwa kwiindawo ezivulekileyo, ibihleli eCaucasus yaye Bialowieza Ihlathi kwi 20 eRashiya inyathi zaye ekugqibeleni ukubatshabalalisa ngokungemthetho. Isiseko yokwandisa intsimbi eziqulathwe kuphela ekuthinjweni umntu omnye (zoo, zokukhulisa kunye t. D.).

Nangona into yokuba namhlanje inyathi - izilwanyana ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia, abemi yabo zisencinci kakhulu, kwaye ke nangoku sichengeni.

Amur tiger

Oku mhlawumbi ikati inkulu ehlabathini. umzimba layo lifike 3 ubude. ubunzima isilwanyana malunga 300 kg. I Amur tiger siyakwazi ukumelana ngokukhethekileyo kubanda, amalungiselelo rookery yabo ikhephu nokuba apho ixesha elide. Esi silwanyana sikhetha becala ihlathi kumathambeka kunye outcrops enamatye, kulula ibonakale ukusuka kwindawo ezingqongileyo.

banqula Abahlali ekuMmandla Primorsky, eyayihlala irhamncwa eloyikekayo, naye. Ngolwimi lwabo abayibiza "Amba" Amur tiger, gama elo elithetha "enkulu". Noko ke, oku akuzange ukuyibamba ekutshabalaleni. Nkqu ngenkulungwane XIX, njengazo zonke ezinye izilwanyana zehlathi, ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia, ingwe Amur laba likhulu kakhulu kwinani labantu yezidalwa eziphilayo. Kodwa ke ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi, ukudubula ongalawulekiyo, ukuzingela kwakhokelela ekubeni ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, ezi zilwanyana kuphela iimbombo ezisemaphandleni eli hlathi. Ke bekukho abantu kungekho ngaphezulu kwama-50.

Namhlanje, enkosi abavikeli indalo wafunda Amur labemi tiger eRashiya landa kakhulu. Ke kaloku, kwilizwe lethu kukho malunga 450 ngabantu.

shrew Ussuri

Kuye kuthechu yokwehla kwiminyaka yakutshanje kunye nenani shrew omkhulu. Le ummeli yentsapho shrew kuba mikhulu - ukuya ngokweesentimitha-10.

Okungcono oko ehlala onamagqabi avuthulukayo okanye amahlathi engumxube, kumazantsi Primorye. Ezi zilwanyana ifakiwe Red Book of Russia, bakhetha emahlathini, ukuba ezihlanjeni emlanjeni kunye engazani ngokungena okanye ngomlilo. Ukunciphisa abemi ochaphazelekayo phawu shrews oku ntlobo ukuvelisa abantwana kanye ngexesha lonke ihlobo. De kube ngoku, izazinzulu azikhange zikwazi ukuseka umlinganiselo ngesondo, kwaye inani alimele inkunkuma nganye. Eyona ezityiwa shrew phezulu yimisundululu ezinkulu, apho unako ukufumana nokuba ukusuka kumhlaba ashinyeneyo kakhulu.

Amur nengwe cat

Le utshaba lunamandla ezirhwexu, anokuba ukuya kwimitha 1, iye iimpawu ezizodwa: ngamnye ipatheni ezahlukeneyo unique ngalinye ingubo, kwaye ebunzi zizinto imivumbo ziqaqambile kwaye kumnyama. Animal uhleli ikakhulu kumazantsi eMpuma Ekude kunye Territory Primorsky.

Amur cat awasabela ngayo ukuhla kwenani labahlali ukugawula imithi, imililo kunye neminye imisebenzi yabantu. Esi sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba namhlanje shwaka ezinye iintlobo. Okubandakanywe Red Book of Russia, bafumane ithuba ukugcina inani lazo. Ngenxa yoko, inani labantu le cat Amur kutshanje anda.

Sakhalin deer must

Oku ungulates bade-Umbala encinane usapho ixhama, apho namhlanje nayo semngciphekweni. inani lazo liye lehla kakhulu ekupheleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela. Inani le hlobo namhlanje abantu ngaphezu kwe-650 kwaye lidla ukunciphisa, ngoko amanyathelo okhuseleko nxamnye kubo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ezi zilwanyana ifakiwe Red Book of Russia (photo ingafumaneka kweli nqaku), bahlala ikakhulu emahlathini coniferous, ibekwe kuloo mmandla weentaba kwisiqithi Sakhalin. Endaweni ezimpondweni amaduna canines sableobraznye, apho ubude yi-10 cm. Must deer uyakwazi ukwenza indawo imitha ezimbini iyaxhuma.

fish owl

Ubude umzimba inkulu eRashiya izikhova banokuba ukuya ku-70 cm. Ngaphezu koko, iimazi lilikhulu kancinci nje into eyindoda. Ezikuyo owl fish kude iindawo yokuhlala yabantu, wakhetha ukuba bahlale kumahlathi mixed akhiwe kufutshane amachibi kunye nemilambo, osisityebi iintlanzi. In search inyama, yena ngokuqhelekileyo uhlala phezu etyeni elikhulu, yaye wondela emanzini. Ukubona intlanzi, isikhova luxwila phantsi nangoko exhwila ukuphuma emanzini. Ukutya ezi ntaka nazo yenamvuna, amasele, apho baziva ukuba imilenze kwi emazantsi echibini. Fish owl ayikho ngaphantsi kwe ezininzi izilwanyana zehlathi ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia, adinga ukhuseleko, okt. A. Inani labantu kuthechu ukuhla.

I Far Eastern ingwe

Leyo enye abameli usapho ikati, phezu kwala kancane yokutshabalala. Habitat zokuhlala kwalo loo mmandla osemazantsi Primorsky Krai, nto leyo ngoku ezichongiweyo akukho abantu ngaphezu kwama-50.

Far East (okanye Amur) nengwe ineempawu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izalamane. uboya bayo kuyahlukana kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka. Ukuba ehlotyeni inombala eqaqambileyo kunye ubude ubuninzi 2.5 cm, ngoko ubusika efikelela 6-7 cm kwaye lube lula. Beautiful uboya kwaba sesinye sezizathu yokwenza nokuncipha yabemi yezi zilwanyana. Kufutshane ehlathini, ikhaya ukuya nehlosi Amur zibekwe iilali, emasimini, kwaye oku kudala iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu abangenamvume. Okuchithwa ngenxa yenzuzo kuphela iingcuka, kodwa ezinye izilwanyana ezininzi yehlathi, ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia.

ukutya Dibanisa kuba nengwe Amur babumba ixhama, ogama amanani zasendle yehla. Amatyala xa abanini zeefama deer ukubulala amarhamncwa ukuba zingene intsimi yabo zikhangela ukutya.

Ngenxa imisebenzi esebenzayo yabantu zoqoqosho uqhutywe kwi-East Far ukususela ngowe-1970 ukuya 1983, Area indawo ye nengwe Amur lehle ngaphezu kwe-80%. Namhlanje wenza imiqathango yokhuseleko lwendalo ezizodwa ejolise, ukuze ukukhusela ezi zilwanyana ubulungeleyo nempembelelo yabantu emhlabeni nokunyusa inani abantu ingwe Amur.

Ihlabathi silwane esiguquguqukayo. Ngoko ke, izintlu, uluhlu, apho izilwanyana ezidweliswe kwi-Red Book of Russia namhlanje anokuba embalwa ukubonakala ezahlukeneyo. Ndifuna ukuba iintlobo ezininzi zezilo yayisecicini wokutshabalala, kuya kuba kumaphepha uhlaza xwebhu.