Umakhi ukuba Cathedral of St Peter. Umakhi oyintloko Cathedral of St Peter

ESt Peter - enye mkhulu iicawa zamaKristu ehlabathini. Le ndawo ithathwa njengento engcwele, kuba iVatican lizele izinto ezingcwele kunye nezakhiwo nesikhumbuzo.

malunga ne Council

ERoma - esinye sezixeko ezindala emhlabeni kunye ubutyebi bembali kunye bokwakha emangalisayo. qho ngonyaka elikomkhulu eItali, abakhenkethi bevela kulo lonke ihlabathi ukubona imibombo baloo mzi. Enye indawo edume - ezinjengeSt uPetros eRoma.

Le sesakhiwo yale isakhiwo ukubabulala emehlweni lokuqala: a amajukujuku enkulu ephangaleleyo, imiqolo kunye obelisk abade embindini yesikwere ... Konke oku ikhangeleka grand and umxhelo. Ivaliwe, indawo engcwele ngenxa onke amaKristu - Vatican - umphakamisi ikhuselo emfihlekweni, avumele ukuba enye yezona ndawo ezininzi zetempile.

Ngubani na umakhi Cathedral of St Peter? Yena akazange yedwa, badla zatshintsha, kodwa loo nto ayizange bayeke ukwenza isakhiwo esihle, nto leyo kuthathwa ukuba isifundo bezenkcubeko elilifa lethu ehlabathini. Indawo apho Pope uhlala - ubuso engundoqo kwihlabathi unqulo lwamaKristu - uya kusoloko kuhlala enye bahambi omkhulu ethandwa phakathi. Ubungcwele kunye ukubaluleka kwale ndlu ukuze uluntu zibalulekile.

St Peter ngaphandle

Isakhiwo ezinokuthi niwabonileyo namhlanje, wacinga ngokupheleleyo ngalo umakhi Cathedral of St ..
UPetros - uMichelangelo.

iqela oqingqiweyo kwi olungaphambili kwetempile - indalo inkulu iinkosi best of Italy. Okubona ngokusondeleyo, ungabona ukuba ezi mfanekiso ophezulu sichaza uYesu Kristu, Ioanna Krestitelya kunye nabapostile. Obelisk ecaleni etempileni, kakhulu, inentsingiselo yayo. Kwenye indlela ibizwa ngokuba "yenaliti", yaye kukholelwa ukuba emazantsi eluthuthwini Yuliya Tsezarya.

Ipaseji, ganging up macala omabini kuloo ndlu yecawa - kwakhona yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwisakhiwo bokwakha. Kuye kwakhiwa kwi projekthi njengelinye labazobi le Cathedral of St Peter -. Kukuyo. Phezulu kwivaranda yi uthotho ikhulu elinamanci mane imifanekiso yabangcwele. Phakathi kwabo - inani ebalulekileyo abafazi. Bonke khangela Square St. uPetros ukusuka ukuphakama kwivaranda.

Phambi ekungeneni kukho umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka St. Paul - a abakroli intshukumo yo fanekisela, ndiqhuba ukufana phakathi emnyango eParadesi, kwaye umnyango ukuya Cathedral.

St Peter esithi: imbali, inkcazo

Imbali izakhiwo ezipheleleyo eemfihlelo kunye weemfihlelo. Ngelishwa, le Cathedral of St Peter - itempile entsha xa kuthelekiswa nezinye kwizindlu Europe. Lowo ekhoyo namhlanje, yahluke kakhulu kuleyo yecawa, umsebenzi bezakhiwo ezinkulu abakroli.

Etempileni iziganeko ezininzi zembali. Isiseko kwetempile kunye kwindlu yonqulo yokuqala yakhiwa ebudeni bolawulo Constantine, yaye kunyaka 800 eyabakho ke ibekwa le uKumkani Franks kunye Lombards Karla Velikogo, ngubani kuqala wajoyina ilizwe French.

Ngexesha uphila isakhiwo kwesakhiwo livutha yaye edlulileyo izakugcinwa kwakhona eziliqela izihlandlo nabayili. Kuye kwenziwa iinzame abaninzi baye yakhiwe eSt uPetros Basilica. Kwiindawo ezingcwele eRoma, apho abathembekileyo zonqulo ngonyaka ngamnye - phantse bonke bephela apha.

Le ndawo ibaluleke ngokukodwa ukuba wonke ngamaKrestu ehlabathini: apha ungatyelela igumbi apho izinto ze-uMpostile uPetros.

uMichelangelo

Imbali ibandla bukhulu kangangokuba kunzima ukuphendula lo mbuzo: "Yintoni na labazobi eziyintloko abakhi omkhulu Cathedral of St Peter" Esi sakhiwo umbonileyo amagcisa ezahlukeneyo, abakroli kunye nabayili bezakhiwo, kodwa izinto ezibaluleke ngokwenene izinto ezimbalwa kuphela.

Abantu abaninzi baye benza imigudu ukwenza iprojekthi efana Cathedral iSt uPetros eRoma. UMichelangelo Buonarroti - womzobi oyintloko yebandla, ogama igalelo ekwakhiweni yawo ibaluleke kakhulu. Yena ndoyike ngomnye iintsapho nempembelelo Florence - i Medici. Umakhi ukuba Cathedral iSt uPetros, apho ngaphambili ecwangcisiweyo ukwenza sithe zinzi ngokohlobo umnqamlezo evuthelweyo. Kodwa enkosi isicwangciso kaMichelangelo amajukujuku ngokumila ukulenza. Njengoko wezakhiwo oyintloko Cathedral ka St. uPetros, igcisa wadala imizobo eqingqiweyo elilungiselela ibandla. Kungekudala, omnye abameli usapho Medici yakhethwa Pope. Asanda kunyulwa Leo X wamisela UMichelangelo, ngoku ngokusemthethweni, umakhi oyintloko Cathedral.

An into umdla kukuba nomkroli enkulu opeyintayo Buonarroti ixesha elide enqaba ukusebenza sokuyilwa yeprojekthi enjalo, njengoko Cathedral St. uPetros. UMichelangelo, ke, ngoko wavuma kunjalo yaye ngokupheleleyo utshintshe umqondo yokwakha.

Sculpture kunye Amanxiwa uMpostile uPetros

Umfanekiso umpostile uPetros - nokutsala ephambili yale Cathedral. Le Umfanekiso kubonakala zombini ngqwabalala ngezandla ezishushu. Ukongeza, loo nto ithathwa ukuba sibe ngcwele. Kukho isiko: tyelela yecawa, kunyanzelekile ukuba bachukumise iinyawo mzobo. Kukholelwa ukuba emva umoya le uMpostile uPetros akabandulula umntu zonke izono zakhe. Intliziyo namnye omchukumisayo iinyawo kufuneka bacoceke, kwanokuba loo mntu wenze okuninzi okubi. Yonke imihla, efuna ukubamba iinyawo emarmore emhlophe abangcwele kangangokuba abagcini myuziyam kuyimfuneko kumaxesha ngamaxesha khazimlisani kumphezulu wayo.

Nangona kunjalo, i engcwele kunazo ingqalelo kwenye indawo. Kubhaliwe ibekwe phantsi komhlaba. Le igumbi, elibamba izinto yabangcwele. Ikholam kunye iintsalela kampostile uPetros, emva kwabangalungiselwanga igama le Cathedral - inxalenye ebalulekileyo yonke etempileni imyuziyam. Umakhi oyintloko Cathedral of St .. Peter udale ekuhleni kulo crypt. Oku kufana ileli esihogweni, kodwa, emva koko, wonke umntu uhlawula ingqalelo kumabhodlo - yamathambo yabangcwele. Xa crypt ngayo kakhulu mnyama, nto leyo idala ingqiqo belinye ilizwe.

lwesakhiwo Cathedral

Lwesakhiwo Cathedral St. uPetros - ezinkulu eYurophu. Yena ixhaswa kwiintsika ezine ezinkulu, ezihonjiswe moldings eqingqiweyo.

Iintsika elise loggia, apho zingcwele ngaphambili igcinwe. Phantsi ngalinye izinto ezingcwele ehambelana wakha oqingqiweyo saint.

Umfanekiso ka St. uAndreya - umntu lowo uzibambileyo ngemiqadi iinkuni kwaye okhala ezulwini. On ubuso bakhe - njengembonakaliso intlungu nokubandezeleka.

Enye mfanekiso - Saints Queen Helena. Yena uqhuba umnqamlezo omkhulu - uphawu yokholo. waqondisa isandla sakhe yesibini malunga kumboniseli, ubuso bakhe ezolileyo noxolo.

Lidla ngqondo ezahlukeneyo eyipasile oqingqiweyo St. Veronica. In isikhundla sakhe - the Dynamics intshukumo. Saint Veronica ibamba amakhadi ezandleni zakhe, awazenzayo uYesu, ukuba wazisula ubuso bakhe. Wayebonakala ukuba ezandleni zakhe, ubuso bayo ibinzana - ukuzimisela nokuzithemba. Colon Okwesine Uyabahombisa oqingqiweyo Saint Longinus. OyiNgcwele ikhangeleka kuvame kakhulu, kwenye kwengalo yakhe - ngomkhonto. Enye isandla kudlulela ecaleni. isikhundla sakhe ifundwe umsindo banxanelwe ubulungisa.

Umgangatho we amangcwaba. Sculpture "UMoses"

Cathedral of St Peter eRome kunye ilitye yakhe - kakhulu emangalisa yonke etempileni. msebenzi wayo ngaloo kwelinye kwiholo umgangatho Cathedral ukuba uthotho amangcwaba.

Xa ungena kulo, uziva i uchulumanco eningenakukholwa yiyo, imvo yobungcwele ngokunxulumene noThixo.

Ngaphakathi etempileni - ezininzi esekelwe, iiphatheni kaMoses phezu imigangatho, iisilingi, iindonga ... yonke ezingqonge zobugcisa eliphezulu - umfanekiso yamabali zeBhayibhile.

UMoses sculpture - enye kwiindawo ozithandayo kubakhenkethi. Lo mfanekiso ubonisa iqhawe yeTestamente eNdala Kulohambisa abantu bakhe entlango, yaba umsindisi enkulu kumaKristu. Xa isondo lengubo yakhe, sobuso, izihlunu ingalo oneengxaki uve indlela ezichulumancisa, uxanduva lonke uluntu. In isikhundla sakhe - elungele ukuba izithonga wekamva, umnqweno nalowo eweni. iindevu zaziya wayikrola olusengqiqweni kangangokuba kubonakala ukuba iinwele lokwenene. Sinika UMoses kwalaph, nto okomzuzwana kwenza nokuba ndisoyika.

Imifanekiso yezinto ilungelo

Le emarmore odumileyo Pieta, uMichelangelo wadala izandla zakhe - a wobugcisa ehlabathini. Umfanekiso ngokungathi usaphila, yenza yongezwe ingqondo intlungu, intlungu cwaka kaKristu kufa. Imihlubulo amalaphu, ubuso kakuhle Virgin Mary - konke kubonakala kusengqiqweni kangangokuba kubonakala ngathi ukuba ndiyoyisile iinkulungwane ezininzi, zabakho ngesiquphe kwelo gumbi, kwaye nje saba ababukeli ngokuzenzekelayo le ntlekele. Neenkophe eSt sikaMariya ubuza, yena Bayawacima namehlo akhe esentlungwini. Le pose kaKristu - echaphazela azilutho. Le Umfanekiso - owomeleleyo kakhulu ngokwasengqondweni nasemphefumlweni - wadalwa kule minyaka, kwaye mpazamo incinane kungakhokelela kwilahleko ifomu kunye ingcamango yonke. Noko ke, inkosi uMichelangelo wenza naye yathamba belusizi ukhangele bayaphila.

Kufuphi Lingcwaba Pieta yi Matilda of Tuscany, zinokuhonjiswa Umfanekiso zabanyathela ngezihlangu ekungxoleni kokulwa bomfazi Cupids eziliqela ezinyaweni zakhe. Lo msebenzi wobugcisa lwenziwa yi-nomkroli kukuyo.

I Sistine Chapel

Enye esekelwe edume ngobugcisa - adalwe ngu kaMichelangelo Sistine Chapel. Ngelo xesha likhulu kumfanekiso scale edume yecawa sikhulu ehlabathini - Cathedral of St Peter. Ngelo xesha upapa Julius II. Wacela UMichelangelo oselula ukuze wenze lo msebenzi. Yena akazange waba izakhono ezaneleyo ukupeyinta, kodwa wavuma waza waya kusebenza. Namhlanje, ukuze bahlole ngokweenkcukacha lo mfanekiso wasedongeni ebewenza kuya kufuneka ngaphezu kweeyure ezintlanu. Iindidi yemigca laphu nezibaya kumanani kunye mabali eBhayibhile ithumba kwaye akavumeli ukukhangela kude. Unako ukubona kunye noKristu emnqamlezweni, kunye izicaphulo kwiTestamente eNdala ... Umzekelo, lingekadalwa ihlabathi, ukudalwa Adam noEva, ukwahlulwa amanzi ezweni, ukugxothwa kwabantu eParadesi, umnikelo kaNowa, watyhwatyhwa Delphic Sibyl, abaprofeti ...

Xa iimbombo kwigumbi lo zicatshulwa mandulo eBhayibhileni: UDavide noGoliyati, Inyoka lobhedu, uJudith kunye Holofernes, Ukohlwaya nguHaman.

Chapel zabuyiswa izihlandlo eziliqela, kodwa akazange yalahleka ubuhle bayo kunye nemfezeko nokwakheka.