Umama ngokwesivumelwano: kudingeka ntoni, yintoni imithetho sicezele up yesivumelwano

Unyaka emva konyaka ezizama engenasiqhamo ukukhulelwa, kodwa oogqirha ukunika imbonakalo yedanisayo. Xa iimvakalelo bafumane indlela yabo phandle, kuza isigqibo esicingisisiweyo: kuyimfuneko ukufumana i "isifukamisi ophilileyo", nto leyo eya kuba umama ngokwesivumelwano. Ukusuka kule ndawo kukho imibuzo emininzi. Indlela ukukhetha umfazi lowo unako ukwenza uze uzale mixture usempilweni malini iindleko, indlela ngokusesikweni ngokusemthethweni amaxwebhu nokulawula ubomi umama okhulelweyo ngoxa yena uya kusenza umntwana wakho? Ngaphezu koko, lo mba awunanto macala mabini. On lowo - ubomi ngayo umntu eqashwa nguwe ukubonelela ngeenkonzo, kwelinye - inkxalabo yakho impilo elizayo umntwana, leyo ixhomekeke ngqo ngoko ukuba adle, asele aze ubone nokuva (kokutyhutyha) umama ngokwesivumelwano. Makhe zama ukulungisa yonke le miba.

Yintoni surrogacy

Le ubuchwepheshe ekuzaleni, xa isetyenziswa ukuzalwa komntwana ababandakanyekayo abantu abathathu. Lo ungasekhoyo nguyise onika sperm yakhe imvume ukufundisa usana elizayo. Lo mama genetic obonelela iqanda yakhe imvume ngumama emva kokuzalwa. Inika efanayo uphuhliso -natal nokuzalwa komntwana umntu wesithathu - umama ngokwesivumelwano. Lo mfazi omdala yokuzala ovumayo ukuthwala umntwana abazali bakhe yemfuza ingeyiyo emva kokuzalwa. Ngenxa yoko, yena wafumana imbuyekezo yemali.

Ngokubhekisele umbuzo womthetho

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le bugcisa enzala ukuba akuvumelekanga yi isithuba post-eSoviet. Oko kukuthi, njengokuba abazoba abazali kwaye umama ngokwesivumelwano zingaqhagamshelana ekliniki okanye zomthetho arhente ukuba akhuphe isivumelwano noNowa ukuba uza kulawula ulwalamano lwabo ukususela ekudalweni ukusayina de ekuzalweni wosana olo. Kugcine ikhontrakthi ukutshintshwa abazali bayo genetic imbuyekezo yemali usana kunye ngokupheleleyo abafazi kuzo zonke bajonga iingxaki ezinxulumene ekhulelwe naxa ezala.

Ukutshintshwa nomama okanye nje umsebenzi?

Kukholelwa ukuba umfazi kuzala umntwana ngentliziyo, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba ahlukane nayo, ngokuba kukho unxulumano ngokwasengqondweni phakathi kwabo bomelele. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba ucinge ngayo, xa ndamvelelayo ingcamango kuphela ukuba abe umama ngokwesivumelwano. umama ngokwesivumelwano akunanto yakwenza umntwana zemfuza. Pregnancy luqala IVF, ngoko kweenyanga ezisithoba kamva, angabi ezahlukeneyo ukusuka njengesiqhelo. Umahluko kuphela kukuba uvelisa yomnye umntu nomfazi nomntwana. zange kudingeke ukuba ukhathazeke malunga imfundo elizayo lo mntwana, umsebenzi wayo uphela ngomhla wokuzalwa. Ukufumana imbuyekezo eziphathekayo, kuya kuba nako ukubuyela ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Indlela ukufumana umama ngokwesivumelwano

Le yeyona ndlela inzima, kuyimfuneko ukuba nayo intsapho, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo abakwazi babe nabantwana. Yiba nomfanekiso: umfazi kufuneka abe sempilweni, akukho nobukhoboka kunye nezifo, izifo ezidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini. Kubalulekile ukuba luzinzile ngokwasengqondweni, ukukhulelwa ngoko ke ikhokelela hormone kunye kukutshintshatshintsha rhoqo kunye nomama uqhuba kwaye ethukile usana lwakho ukuba nantoni na. liya kuqhuba Kwathi ukukhulelwa kwakhe, kunokuba kuya sinokubanamandla, njengoko iya kulawulwa ubomi bayo kunye buqu, ucoceko kunye notyelelo rhoqo koogqirha phi? Yonke le miba ezinzima ekufuneka ukufumana impendulo eneenkcukacha kwinkqubo ekwenzeni imvumelwano.

abafazi abaninzi abazi ukuba abe umama ngokwesivumelwano, aze athathe isigqibo kuphela ngenxa yeengxaki zemali. Kulo mzekelo yokucebisana efunekayo kunye ngengqondo oya kukunceda uqonde wena namhlanje nangokunyaniseka uphendule lo mbuzo, ngaba ukulungele kweli nyathelo.

Apho ungajonga khona umama nosana olungekazalwa

Into yokuqala uqala ukufunda abazali - le internet. Ekubeni ezi iinkonzo eyalelweyo ngumthetho, kwi kwiisayithi ezahlukeneyo kunye neeforam uyakwazi ukufumana inani elikhulu kwiintengiso, ezifana "Ndifuna ukuba umama ngokwesivumelwano." Ngokuqhelekileyo la mazwi ubonisa ubudala, ebusweni boonyana, ukungabikho imikhwa emibi iingcombolo zangaphandle. Le yokugqibela inexabiso elincinane okanye hayi, ngaphandle xa umfazi iqanda, efuna ukuba umntwana, akunakwenzeka ukuba ngenxa yezizathu nokomzimba. Emva koko, ngemvume ka umama ngokwesivumelwano Kwiqanda wakhe eye amadlozi inkunzi agent, waye yena ephethe umntwana wakhe zemfuza, zibonakalisa Kwathi emva kokuzalwa abathengi sibini.

Noko ke, ngamava ezininzi ngababini kuthiwe ukuba ukufuna abaviwa ngalo ad kuthatha kakhulu umgudu kunye luvo, ngoko ke, wenza iminxeba embalwa, abazali amaxesha amaninzi babhenela-arhente ezikhethekileyo. abasebenzi balo athathe uxanduva lokubonelela kuni isiseko data abafazi, uze apha uya kubona isibhengezo akayi banal "Ndifuna ukuba umama ngokwesivumelwano", kunye iinkangeleko enenkcukacha iifoto, zonyango zabaviwa zoviwo ezipheleleyo, kunye nesiphelo leengcali, idatha iwonga kunye ebusweni babantwana babo lomtshato. Ukongeza, aba bafazi sele kubanjwa iintetho, kwaye bayazi kakuhle oko ngeenkonzo oza ukunika.

Ukukhetha umama nosana lwakhe

Okokuqala kufuneka kube mnandi kuwe. Uya kusebenza ngokusondeleyo ukunxibelelana ngaphezu kweenyanga 9 ubude, mhlawumbi ukuba baphile phantsi kophahla olunye. Ukuba uziva ungonwabanga na inkampani yakhe, kungcono ukuba bakhangele omnye zomviwa. Thina sonke ezahlukeneyo, linda ukuba umfazi lowo ngokulula uya kufumana ulwimi olufanayo. Apho ukufumana umama ngokwesivumelwano, siye sele sathetha, ngoku kufuneka ukuba ukhethe evela kwinani contenders ukuba uya kumnika ubomi imvuthuluka bakho. Xoxa naye zonke iinkcukacha isivumelwano elizayo. Ukuba kukho bokuqonda ukuba nje awukwazi ukufumana kwizibhambathiso (indawo umama okhulelweyo, ukutya, umthambo), kufuneka nangoku uthethe nomntu. Yintoni kufuneka iquke uxwebhu lwaseburhulumenteni ebesiqulunqwe phakathi kwabazali kunye "nomama baqesha"?

Sibala iindleko

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba enye miba ibalulekileyo abazali - kangakanani na iinkonzo umama ngokwesivumelwano. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-arhente unako ukunika abasetyhini profiles ezahlukeneyo izicelo - ukususela-5 ukuya ku-25 amawaka eerandi. Kuxhomekeke yobudala. Ngokuqhelekileyo ngexabiso eliphantsi amisele intombazana eselula, ungumfundi, ezifuna imali, okanye abafazi abakhulu ngaphezu iminyaka emashumi mane. Isiphumo ixabiso kunye nesimo kwamabhinqa, kwakunye ujoliso lwayo umthengi didi. Kodwa avareji isixa amawaka 15 eerandi. Yongeza ukuba iifizi arhente, kwakunye neekliniki, neya kulandelwa IVF kunye nokhathalelo ukukhulelwa, ixabiso lokutya okhulelweyo, ngoncedo lwezempilo osikwa yinimba.

uxwebhu olusemthethweni

Isivumelwano kunye umama ngokwesivumelwano kufuneka sibhalwe phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imiqathango, nokuba ezi nkonzo zinikwa yi yakho kwisizalwane esisondeleyo. Oku kukuzaliseka isiqinisekiso yezibophelelo ngamaqela omabini. Kulo mzekelo, isivumelwano kunye umama ngokwesivumelwano of elilodwa yahluke kakhulu ukusuka kwelinye, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo imidla yabantu ezithile ukuze bahlale ulwalamano lwabo. Ngokubanzi, eli xwebhu iquka:

• oluneenkcukacha nabantu abafuna ukuba nabantwana.
• iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga abafazi sikulungele ukunika iinkonzo umama ngokwesivumelwano.
• Amalungelo, nemisebenzi kunye noxanduva zamaqela.
• Iimeko kunye namanyathelo ukuba umama ngokwesivumelwano ukuba engavumi ukuba anike umntwana phezu kubathengi, kwaye ukuba bayala ukuyamkela. Ezi ziquka iinketho ezahlukeneyo ukuzalwa komntwana abakhubazekileyo.
• Eminye imigaqo nemiqathango, leyo zifikelelwe ngesivumelwano.

Ziintoni ezifunekayo abazali genetic bangenza inkcazo-ntetho umama elizayo

uluhlu olupheleleyo kuyimfuneko ukwenza, bayixoxe umfazi oya kuzalisekisa indima umama ngokwesivumelwano, kunye kubameli. Kukho iimeko apho umfazi okhulelweyo ngokoqobo litshixiwe phezulu, kokukhutshwa uhambe phantsi kweliso esalelweyo ukubona kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo. Ezi meko kuba nefuthe elibi nezengqondo kwabasetyhini, kwaye ke ngoko ikamva lo mntwana. Iimfuneko ukuba umama ngokwesivumelwano sele ezinzima: lo iminyaka engama-25 ukuya kuma-35 ubudala, kufuneka ubuncinane omnye umntwana ozelwe ngendlela yemvelo, ukunqongophala kwezifo kunye ezondeleyo, nobukhoboka, ukugula ngengqondo kunye likhoboka. Ukongeza, ukuba umfazi utshatile, uya kufuneka imvume ebhaliweyo yendoda yakhe.

Ukuba umfazi uya kuphila ngexesha ukhulelwe kunye nomyeni wakhe, ngoko bobabini sele kufuneka bangenele iimviwo zonyango rhoqo. umama ngokwesivumelwano kunyanzelekile ukuba angachithi ixesha elininzi kunye nezalamane, ingakumbi iziphathi ezinokuba zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo (LI, SARS, njalo njalo). Mbaleki okanye sekhaya, umama okhulelweyo kuya kufuneka ukuba balungise inqanaba lomsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni phantsi ngengcebiso kagqirha, ukukhulelwa phambili. Ukuze abazali wayo yemfuza, naye, uya ukubukela ngokusondeleyo kakhulu, ukuchitha ixesha kunye olindele ngakumbi kunesiqhelo umfazi okhulelweyo kwakhe.

Ukuba imisebenzi replacement unina

Iminyaka umama ngokwesivumelwano akufane iminyaka engaphezu kwama-35, umgqatswa abadala kunzima ukufumana nomdla ukufumana inzala. Oku kungenxa iimpawu komzimba umzimba obhinqileyo: i omdala unina, ukuba kunzima kakhulu nga phambili ukukhulelwa. Nangona ukuza kuthi ga kule Ungeno lingako ngokucacileyo, abafazi abaninzi abasebenza umsebenzi, baqale ukucinga malunga usapho kufutshane nje iminyaka emashumi mane. Kodwa kunjalo, unina replacement kudla isebenza, ngoko ke kufuneka silithathe eli ingqalelo xa zisenza imvumelwano. Abazali kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba uya kuba nexesha elaneleyo ukutyelela ugqirha kunye iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko. Enye into ebalulekileyo - bume yomsebenzi. kufuneka ungabi ke yingozi, okanye enzima, ithwalwe ingozi kusana olungekazalwa. Kungenjalo, umama okhulelweyo kuya kufuneka ukuba ukurhoxa. Le mfuneko badla iwise ngabazali, kuba kakade "abaqeshi" ngubani na oya kuhlawula zonke iindleko zabafazi ngethuba lokukhulelwa ukunika mbuyekezo iyenye ngohlobo umvuzo esisixa-mali.

Imisebenzi kunye namalungelo umama ngokwesivumelwano

Ukuba ukhetha ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezinjalo, uqeqesho luya kuqhubeka ixesha. Ukuze uqale, kufuneka ufumane i-arhente ethembekileyo bayifake lemibuzo. Phambi kokugqitywa mvumelwano kuya kufuneka bangenele uviwo lonyango, ngokwasengqondweni nasengqondweni ngokupheleleyo. Zonke iziphumo, kuquka uvavanyo lonyango kunye genetic, umfazi kufuneka unike abazali elizayo. Bayasithwala zonke iindleko zophando, ukuba arhente akaboneleli ngenye indlela, oko zoviwo lokulungiselela nezoviwo ngeendleko zayo.

Imvume umama ngokwesivumelwano ekupheleni kwesivumelwano okanye imvumelwano kuthetha ukuba:

• Ukulungele ukuba lenze iingxelo zonyango kwi kusekwangoko zokukhulelwa ukuya kwiiveki ezili-12.
• Babonwe ngugqirha Walizalisa lonke iimfuno zalo kunye neengcebiso.
• Gada impilo yakho kwaye ingxelo rhoqo malunga notshintsho incinane impilo.
• Fundisa abantu ukuba angene kwisivumelwano ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Range imisebenzi ayikho banzi kakhulu, kodwa ke licebo eqhelekileyo kuphela. Abazali ingaquka into kwi umama okhulelweyo uhlala nabo kulo lonke lokukhulelwa ukuze bakwazi ngokobuqu esweni ekutyeni kwakhe, ezempilo kunye nabo ekuhlaleni.

End of ukukhulelwa

Ukuzalwa komntwana - isiganeko elide-ilindelwe, nayo leyo ithetha ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi. Ngoku umama ngokwesivumelwano linyanzelekile ukuba ukudlulisela abazali genetic lo mntwana, ngoko uyakwazi ukufumana ngokupheleleyo imbuyekezo lokukhulelwa. Eneneni olu luxanduva lwabazali ifakiwe nayo kwisimo kwabafazi kwiintsuku 56 emva kokubeleka. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba ndivuke iimvakalelo koomama, yaye uyala ukunika kuzalwa? Le meko kufuneka icaciswe isivumelwano kunye neziphumo ezichazwe ngokucacileyo. Uwiso-mthetho lwamazwe ezahlukeneyo elawula lo mba ngendlela yabo. In Russia kukho amanqaku ngokoko athe umfazi ke wazala umntwana unelungelo lokuba ayigcine.

Ukuba abazali abafuni pick up umntwana

iimeko ezinjalo kaninzi xa kuzalwa usana kunye ngezifo, umzekelo, ukuba oko kwenzeka ngexesha lokuzalwa - trauma, ukwenzakala. Okanye ukuba umntwana lowo umnikelo wokudla vice, ababengengabo ukubonisa ngokwayo Esibelekweni ntoni. Le ngongoma kufuneka kwakhona ibe kule mvumelwano kwaye ziquka luxanduva ngamaqela. Kulo mzekelo, abazali ongenalungelo siyafuna ukuba umama ngokwesivumelwano ukuba zizibuyisele zonke mali esichithwe uhlolo kunye nokugcinwa zokukhulelwa, kwakunye nemali kwemivuzo. Imbuyekezo kufuneka bahlawule ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo enika isivumelwano. Kwimeko yokuba ukungaphumeleli abazali umntwana kuba nomama wesivumelwano unelungelo ukuba ayigcine okanye ukudlulisela lokugcina karhulumente. Kwimeko transfer umntwana ukwenza abazali genetic yomfazi ulahlekelwa onke amalungelo kuyo. Imvume umama ngokwesivumelwano kuba ukuba zifumaneka kude ngexesha ekwenzeni imvumelwano.

isitifiketi sokuzalwa

Ngokusekelwe kwi imithetho ekhoyo, abantwana abazelwe ngoomama ngokwesivumelwano abhalwe nangoko egameni abazali babo yemfuza. Ukususela kokusayina isivumelwano kwaye ngabo ukuba ungubani na. Kule mzuzu ubuncwane khona: nangoko emva kokuzalwa umfazi ekufuneka anike imvume yokuba umama ziya kurekhodwa zakazchitsa ebhaliweyo. Emva koko akusekho mfuneko amalungelo usana, usana akazange abonise, ukuze avuke neemvakalelo. Kukho amaxesha xa usapho kuthatha owayesakuba umama ngokwesivumelwano ukuba asebenze njenge nanny. Ngokutsho bengqondo, ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngayo ngexesha apho imfuneko yeenkonzo zokwandisa abantwana izakulahleka, kuya kuba nzima nzima ukuze yonke intsapho.

Le yenye mzuzu nzima, nje nasengqondweni. Kuqhubeka ntoni nge umama ngokwesivumelwano? Izimvo zabafazi zinika ezi nkonzo, uthethe umnqweno ukugcina umntwana, waba noxinezeleko ngenxa yokungabikho ithuba ukuthatha unonophelo umntwana 'zabo ". Yongeza koku angakholiswa zentlalo, ukunqongophala kwenkxaso amalungu entsapho. Yaye uya kufumanisa ukuba umama ngokwesivumelwano - akukho isigqibo lula. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukhethe umfazi, hayi kuphela sempilweni emzimbeni nasengqondweni esitalini, kungekho utyekelo avukwe Ityhwatyhwa of ngokudandatheka. Unokwenza inkqubela ukufaka kule mvumelwano kutyelelo mandatory kwengqondo phambi kokuba isigqibo (of the contract) kunye indlela Unyango emva kokubeleka ukuya yokwenzakala sele usenzile yaye aluchaphazeli ubomi elizayo yomfazi.

Namhlanje, inani labantwana kwandisa, wazalwa ngenxa surrogacy. Ntonje lokugqibela yaye kuphela ukhetho ukufumana uvuyo ngumama ukuba isibini bantwana. Kuba abanye le ndlela ukwamkela imali ukuhlawula abantwana ukufunda, ukuphucula iimeko zabo zokuphila. Xa surrogacy ngemvumelwano ebhaliweyo kakuhle ine akukho ezingozini macala omabini, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba babuyele iingcali, kunokuba azame ukucacisa isivumelwano ngokwabo. ngumama Tshintsha - yinto ithuba izibini ezininzi ukufumana uvuyo lokuba ngumzali, kwaye kwamkelwa, kwaye zabo, usana kunina. Abantwana omama ngokwesivumelwano izalamane igazi ngabazali babo, bona beme nje omnye umfazi.