Umbhali-magama ulwimi Russian. iintlobo izichazi

Ngubani na Vladimir Ivanovich Dal? Umfundi ngamnye uya kukuxelela ukuba lo mntu - umbhali magama ulwimi Russian. Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba iincwadi ulwazi ezinjalo nje ukuba abafundi kunye nabafundi. Izichazi singoochwepheshe abanamava entsimini zabo: ootitshala, iingcali zeelwimi, abaguquleli kunye nezinye iingcali. Kwaye ngenxa yohlobo lwazo kukho neentlobo ezininzi. Eli nqaku liza kuxubusha ezona ziphambili.

indaba

Oku oguqukayo. Nolwimi oluthethwa ngabantu abahlala kwintsimi Russia mihla iminyaka emine okanye engamakhulu amahlanu eyadlulayo, kakhulu ukwakhiwa ezahlukeneyo zegrama lungelelanisa. Lavrentiy Zizany - ungumbhali-magama, epapashwe ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVI. Uhlelo elandelayo wabonakala 1627. Umbhali balo Pamvo Berynda, kwaye injongo yale ncwadi yaba utoliko encwadini amazwi Old Slavonic namabinzana. Ngowe-1704 Polikarpov-Orlov yaba isichazi-magama inguqulelo yokuqala, leyo iquka iiyunithi lungelelanisa kweelwimi ezintathu: Russian, isiLatini, isiGrike.

Ibinzana elithi "nombhali-magama ulwimi Russian 'ezinxulumene igama Vladimira Dalya, ngokuba umsebenzi lo mntu yeyona ibalulekileyo kwimbali Ezolimi Russian. incwadi yakhe ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini amawaka amagama. Nangona kunjalo, i-dictionary yokuqala ecacisayo ekuthiwa Dictionary of the Russian Academy, Noko ke, leyo, kungaphezu etymological.

Emva Vladimira Dalya kule ndawo zifakwe ezifana ngeelwimi abadumileyo njengoko GROTTO, Ushakov, Ozhegov. La magama bayazazi zonke. Kwaye ukunceda Ozhegova isichazi-magama iiholide nabani na ogama imisebenzi ubuncinane into yokwenza ukubhala izicatshulwa.

upelo

Injongo yezi izichazi kukucacisa upelo kwiiyunithi ezahlukeneyo lungelelanisa. Bona azinamgaqo iingcaciso amagama okanye amabinzana elisisigxina phraseology. School, jikelele okanye ishishini kusenokuba upelo kwisichazi lolwimi Russian. Ababhali - Ushakov, Ozhegov. Ezi ncwadi reference nazo yapapashwa yaze yahlelwa ngababhali ezifana O. E. ivanova kunye V. Lopatin.

izichaza

Kule nguqulo ye izichazi-magama sele uthe ngamagama ambalwa. Kufuneka kongezwe ukuba onjalo uncwadi reference senzelwe kuphela ukucacisa intsingiselo yegama elithile okanye ibinzana, kodwa kuquka iimpawu zesimbo kunye lwegrama, imizekelo zokusebenzisa, kunye nolunye ulwazi.

Ababhali izichazi ngolwimi Russian:

• Lavrentiy Zizany.
• Pamvo Berynda.
• Vladimir Dal.
• NguDmitry Ushakov.
• Sergey Ozhegov.

Uluhlu phezulu ngokulandelelana kwazo.

thesaurus nomkhangeli

ulwazi Kakuhle indlela ulwimi - ngokuyintloko ubuchule bokukhetha amagama nentsingiselo efanayo. ihlazo okuncinane ungenza ukwenza iyunithi lungelelanisa endaweni kwimeko ethile. Ukwenzela ukuphepha iingxaki ezinjalo, yaye iincwadi ezizodwa reference. Umbhali lo magama kulwimi isithethantonye Russian, eyapapashwa kwinkulungwane XVIII - yi Di Fonvizin. Kodwa kwakunzima umbhali wemidlalo ukusebenza kokubhaliweyo mihla kufuneka asebenzise. Kubhetele ukuba babhenele le ncwadi, yena ukusebenza ngumbhali we-magama ulwimi Russian njenge umsuki.

Ezinye iindidi izichazi

Izichazi kungaba terminological, phraseological,-ntetho. Ezi iimathiriyeli zesalalhiso kusenokuquka kuphela neologisms kunye amagama eelwimi zasemzini. Kukho kwakhona ambalwa kakhulu kakhulu ezizodwa. Umzekelo, abaphandi, umsebenzi wakhe lunikezelwa imisebenzi Dostoevsky, liqulunqe Xhosa ulwimi zombhali. Le ncwadi iquka amagama namaqhalo, eliquka iiyunithi lungelelanisa ukuba kakhulu wayedla yimbangi 'Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye Zokohlwaya. "

Njengokuba kude izichazi-translation, ngoko wonke umntu ofunda ulwimi lwasemzini, umntu kufuneka ugcine iinketho ezimbalwa stock. Kwaye kwinqanaba elithile, xa kukho ulwazi olwaneleyo lungelelanisa isiseko, ekukhethwa ukuba ngokufuthi ngakumbi kubhenela uncedo izichazi translation.

Yeyiphi editions Kunyanzelekile ukuba kwi yokuhlukunyezwa yakho? Ngubani na ke umbhali ilungileyo Xhosa ulwimi Russian? Le mibuzo kunzima ukuphendula, kuba wonk 'ukhetha kuye iincwadi reference olufunekayo omalususele kuhlobo lomsebenzi. Kodwa Ozhegov Ushakov yaye ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka babe phambi abafundi, abafundi, okanye nabani na othethayo Russian.