Umfaki-mfanekiso uSebbastian Salgado: ubugcisa, ubugcisa

USebastian Salgado wafumanisa ubugcisa bokufotshwa kweefoto malunga nengozi. Emva kokuba esebenze njengezoqoqosho. Kwaye ngoku ithathwa njengomnye wabapopayi abaphumeleleyo kunye nabadumileyo kwiPlanethi yoMhlaba. Yenzeke njani ikusasa lakhe? Wenze njani ngempumelelo yakhe? Ungafunda malunga nakho konke kweli nqaku.

Ulutsha

Uzalwe nguSebastian Salgado ngoFebhuwari 8, 1944 kwidolophu encinane yaseAimores, apho kwakukho abemi abalishumi elinesithandathu kuphela. Ngaloo minyaka, malunga neepesenti ezingamashumi asixhenxe zeendawo zale ndawo yayiphethwe lihlathi, ngoku libhekwa "yimiphunga yomhlaba." Emva koko intsimi yaseBrazil yase-Brazilian yayingaphezu kabini enkulu, ithi, eFransi. Ngoku ummandla walehlathi ukhulwini lweesisixhenxe kuphela. Xa uSebastian esemncinci, idolophu yakubo yayingamnika kuphela isikolo esiprayimari kuphela. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba afunde ngokuqhubekayo, kwafuneka ahambe kwaye aye eVitoria, inkunzi ye-Espirito Santo State. Wayephothula esikolweni esiphakeme ngo-1962 waza wangena eyunivesithi. Emva kokufumana idiploma ngo-1967, watshata noLelia Deluis Vanik.

Ukukhula

Sebastian Salgado ngokukhawuleza waba nguyise wamakhwenkwe amabini - uGuuliano noRodrigo. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo olukhulu lwalulindele. Unyana omncinane wayenesifo esibi-I-Down syndrome. Intsapho yathuthela eSao Paulo, apho uSebastian wafumana enye i-degree degree in economics, kwaye umfazi wakhe wagqiba imfundo yomculo. Waphumelela kwi-conservatory njengomdlali wepiyano.

Emva koko, ngo-1969, bathuthela eYurophu, okuyiParis. Kulapho, uSebastian wasebenza ngokusasaza kwakhe udokotela, kwaye uLelia waqala ukufundelwa umakhi. Ngowe-1971 intsapho yatshintsha indawo yayo yokuhlala kwakhona. U-Sebastian umenywa ukuba asebenze njengezoqoqosho kwi-International Coffee Organization. Uhamba ezininzi, uthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo exhaswa yiBhanki yehlabathi. Wayehlala eAfrika. Kulapho apho waqala ukwenza iifoto zakhe zokuqala.

Umsebenzi omtsha

Ngolunye usuku, emva kokubuyela eLondon ukusuka kwelinye uhambo, uSebastian Salgado waqonda ukuba imifanekiso ayifumene yamdonsa ngakumbi. Wada wagqiba ekubeni ashiye uqoqosho ngenxa yokuzinikezela ubomi bakhe. Ngenxa yoko, yena nomkakhe babuyela eParis, okwakuthiwa yimizi kuphela efanelekileyo kulo msebenzi. Ekuqaleni wasebenza njenge-freelancer, kodwa ukususela ngo-1974 uSebastian ujoyina i-agama "Sigma". Yathumela ePortugal, eAngola naseMozambique, apho umfaki-zifotshina wayedumisa ngokugqithiseleyo ubugcisa bakhe.

Emva koko watshintsha umqeshi. I-arhente entsha, iGamma, yamnika ithuba lokuhamba malunga neYurophu, Afrika kunye neLatin America. Ngelo xesha, umfazi wayigqiba imfundo yakhe waza wafumana umsebenzi we-urban planning planner. Ngowe-1977, u-Sebastian waqala ukusebenza kwiinkalo ezininzi zeefoto ezinikezelwe ebomini bamaNdiya kunye nabasimili baseLatin America.

Imisebenzi yoluntu

Ngomnyaka we-1979, umfaki-zithombe watshintsha imisebenzi kwakhona. Wayeqeshwe yi-Magnum corporation, apho wazinikezela iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu yobomi bakhe. Ngaloo xesha akazange adume nje ngeengxelo zakhe ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo nemifanekiso eshicilelwe kumaphephancwadi ahloniphekileyo ehlabathini, kodwa ekugqibeleni wagqiba i-epic yakhe ngokuphila kwabantu abaqhelekileyo eningizimu yelizwekazi laseMerika. Ngokwakhe ngo-1984, wapapasha incwadi yokuqala. Kwabizwa ngokuba yi "enye iMerika" kwaye yakhululwa kanyekanye e-US, eFransi naseSpain.

Ngoko uSebastian Salgado, owakhe iifoto zamenza waba udumo, wazifumanisa indlela yakhe yangempela ebomini. Wazama ukuthetha ngeemeko zabantu abahluphekileyo kwaye wabancedisa, kubandakanywa ngokubambisana nenhlangano yokuncedisa iMedecins Sans Frontières iminyaka emibini, ukurekhoda iindawo ezilambileyo ezilambile e-Afrika egameni labo . Wapapasha iincwadi ezimbini phantsi kwesihloko esithi "Sahel" - "Indoda ephelelwe yithemba" kunye ne "Ukuphela kweNdlela", kwaye yaququzelela nemiboniso eminingi yezithombe. Ngoko wayesekela umsebenzi we "Oogqirha Ngaphandle Kwemida."

"Abasebenzi" kunye "nokufuduka"

Ngo-1986-1992, u-Sebastian Salgado watyelela amazwe angamashumi amabini anantathu ukudala uluhlu lwemisebenzi kwintsebenzo yabasebenzi. Zapapashwa ngo-1993 kwincwadi ethi "Abasebenzi". Lo msebenzi wathengiswa ngeenxa zonke kwihlabathi kwiikopi ezingama-100, kwaye umboniso weefoto wenziwa kwiimyuziyam ezingaphezu kwama-60.

Njengokuqhubeka koBasebenzi, inkosi iqala uchungechunge olulandelayo lweefoto ezibizwa ngokuthi "Ukufuduka." Le projekthi yamkhokelela kumazwe angama-43. Wahamba kuzo zonke iilikazi ukuba abonise iimeko zabantu abaphoqelelwe ukuba bashiye iindawo zasemaphandleni ukuze baye emadolobheni. Ngokomzekelo, wathabatha izixeko ezi-9 zeegaga, abemi balo kwimihla yamva nje uye waphakama ngokukhawuleza. Ukuthandwa kakhulu yimifanekiso yakhe kwimixholo ethi "Iifoto zezingane zokufuduka". Ngokusekelwe kwezi zithombe, ii-posters zenziwe, iincwadi ezitsha zapapashwa, iinkqubo zemfundo ezizodwa zadalwa, kwaye imiboniso yabonwa ngabantu abayizigidi ezintathu.

Kodwa u-Sebastian Salgado, owakhe umzobo waba ngumxholo wophando lwethu oluncinane, akayi kuhlangabezana nalo lonke ngaphandle kokuncedwa ngumfazi wakhe. Nguye owayeyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokudala yoluntu lonke lobugcisa bomyeni wakhe. Ngoko ke, ngo-1994 bathetha ukudala ishishini labo.

Amazonaz Imges

Mhlawumbi, le nkonzo ingabizwa ngokuba yincinane kunazo zonke ehlabathini. Kodwa kwakukhona ukuba uSebastian Salgado nomkakhe bakwazi ukuphuhlisa ngokupheleleyo imisebenzi yabo ezinikezele ekutyhileni amacala omnyama woluntu wanamhlanje, iimbandezelo zemfazwe, ukubandezeleka kwabantu abahlwempuzekileyo nabalambileyo, kude nokuphila okuchuma kwamazwe acebileyo. I-Masters ingabizwa ngokuba ngumlobi weefoto zentlalo. Kwiziko lobugcisa bakhe bubuso obuhle, nangona kudla ukuphazamiseka ngokubandezeleka. Bonke abalinganiswa bakhe banehlabathi elingaphakathi, eligxininisa kuphela ukwakheka okufanelekileyo kwabasebenzi kunye nokukwazi ukudlala ngokukhanya kunye nesithunzi. Nangona abanye abarhulumente babemmangalela ngeliso lobuhlungu, ngokuqinisekileyo, u-Sebastian uzama ukuqwalasela iingxaki ezingafunekiyo ukuba zibone ukulungisa iingxaki zaloo nxalenye yabantu.

"IGenesis" kunye nezinye iiprojekthi

Ukususela ngo-2004 ukuya ku-2011, umfaki-zithombe wayesebenza kwisiqendu esikhulu seefoto ezibizwa ngokuba yiGenesis. Kwimeko yokuthetha isiRashiya, le projekthi ibedla ngokubizwa ngokuthi "iGenesis." Mhlawumbi, lo ngumsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu uSebastian Salgado. Izilwanyana kunye nabantu, izilwanyana zasendle kunye noluntu, ubundlobongela kunye nokuvisisana, ukuzalwa nokufa bonke bakhona kule ngxelo emangalisayo yemifanekiso yezizwe zenkcubeko kunye neenkcubeko ezingavumi ukulandela indlela yokuphuhliswa kwenkcubeko yanamhlanje kunye nenkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe.

Kwaye ngo-2007 umculi wadala iprojekthi ethi "ikhofi", apho wabonisa ukuba kuninzi isiphuzo esithandwayo senziwa kwiindawo zaseBrazil, eIndiya, eGuatemala nakwamanye amazwe. Enye nomfazi wakhe, uSebastiano uzama ukubuyisela ihlathi laseAtlanti elahlekile elizweni lakubo. Wadala ikhethelo elithi "Instituto Terra", apho wakwazi ukuguqula le nxalenye eBrazil ibe yindawo yokugcina. Umfaki-zithombe wafumana amanqaku amaninzi e-world class and became a ambassador UNICEF. Kwaye nakwi-cinema yashiya umkhondo kaSebastian Salgado. Ifilimu emayelana naye "Ityuwa yoMhlaba" (2014), eyafakwe nguWim Wenders kunye nendodana yomfaki-zithombe uJulian Salgado, wayinqoba i-Cannes Film Festival Festival.