Umkhono we-GML. Ukuqhagamshela imikhono ngeencingo zokukhuba

Ukunikezelwa kwamandla okuphazamisekayo kunokwenzeka kuphela ngoxhumo oluthembekileyo lweencingo zombane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kule njongo, iteknoloji yokuguqula isetyenziswa. Kodwa iifowuni ezixhunywe ngale ndlela zixhomekeke ekugqibeleni kunye ne-oxidation. Ngenxa yezinto ezingahambelaniyo ze-electrochemical zinyithi, ukuguquka kwe-aluminium kunye neensimbi zobhedu akufuneki. Kwiimeko ezinjalo kucetyiswa ukuba ucinezele imikhono ngemikhono.

HML - yintoni na?

Ukuxhuma iingcingo zombane kwindawo yobhedu ngeendlela zokuguqula, ukusetyenziswa kweemikhono zethusi. Isifinyezo se-GM sichaza ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kwengubo yokubhinqa, umkhono wethusi. I-HML ngumkhono wobhedu, oye wafumana inkqubo yokwenza izinto. Uluhlu olukhethekileyo lwe-tin-bismuth lusetyenziswa kuso. Oku kuyimfuneko ngokukodwa kwimveliso eyenziwe ngobhedu, njengoko le ngcaciso ifanelekile kwi-oxidation.

Ngenxa yokubhinqa, i-liners zethusi zobhedu zenziwe ngobuncwane abangeke zithintele kwiinkqubo ezinobungozi kwaye aziphendulelani neengcingo. Ezi mveliso azikhuthazwa ukuba zisetyenziswe kumsebenzi wombane kunye nentambo ye-aluminium. Oku kuchazwa yinto yokuba ngexesha lokuncintisana, ukugubungela ukukhusela kungawa, kwaye i-sleeve ye-HML iya kusabela ngokuchanekileyo nge-aluminium.

Iintlobo zeemakhono

Imiyalezo yokuxhuma ingaba yilezi zilandelayo:

• GA. Ngaphantsi kwesi siqulatho ngumkhonto owenziwe nge-aluminium. Olu hlobo lusetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iimbambo ze-aluminium kuphela.
• GAM. Olu luhlobo oludibeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, loo gidzy nayo ibiza ngokuba yi-aluminium-ithusi. Isetshenziselwa ukudibanisa iintambo ze-aluminium kunye neensimbi zobhedu (ukwakheka kwi-wiring endala kagesi). Ekubeni i-aluminium inexinzelelo ngakumbi kunobhedu, kwiimveliso ezinjenge-GAM, inxalenye ye-aluminium ikhiqizwa ngokubanzi okwenziwe.
• GSI. Imikhonkco yokuxhuma i-insulated yimiveliso ecwecwe yimboyi eboshwe nge-polyvinyl chloride insulation. Zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iingcingo zethusi zobhedu. Ngethuba lokubethelwa, ukukhungqulwa akususwanga. Inkcazo ngokusebenzisa izitshixo ezikhethekileyo zenziwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokubhinqa.

Iibhubhe ezicatshulwa zombane

Ukufakela iintambo kwi-instrumentation, amabhodi kagesi kunye nokwakhiwa komatshini, kusetyenziswa ii-handslee zekhefu. Banikezela ngolwazi olufanelekileyo ngexesha lofakelo kunye nokuthintela ukwahlula kwe-cable strands ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

Imikhono yeekhenkethi inokumelana nokukhwabanisa nokukhusela umnxeba kumonakalo owenzayo. Oku kubaluleka ngokubanzi ubomi benkonzo yemveliso.

Iintlobo zeekhono zekhebula

Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokufakela, i-mleeve yenzelwe:

• Ukukhwabanisa. Ukufakwa kufakelwa ngoncedo lwee-press press.
• Ukutyunjwa. Xa kuthelekiswa nokukhwabanisa, le ndlela yokuxhamla iyanzima.
• Ukukhangela. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo.

Icandelo lesiphambano se-GML sleeve

Ubukhulu kunye nobubanzi bamacandelo buboniswa kwitafile. Icandelo eliphambili eliphambili le-cross line 1.5 square meters. Mm. Emva koko uqhubeka ukwanda: 2.5 metres square. Mm, 4-6-10 iimitha zesikwere. Mm. Iibhubhe zobhedu ezixutywe kunye neerameters zihambelana necandelo le-wire. Abachwepheli-oombane basebenzisa amagama alula: "i-quartet", "amashumi", njl njl. "Iithandathu" kuthiwa ine-6-millimeter yesigxina sesigxina sebheyili. GML-6 - lo mboniso ungabonwa kumaxwebhu obugcisa.

Kwiimeko apho usebenzisa "ezintandathu"?

Ngokweziganeko zalo, umkhono we-GML-6 ungakwazi ukuhamba ngokuzikhethela iingcingo ezine zombane ezinecandelo elincinci le-1.5 metres square. Mm. Ngecandelo lomnqamlezo we 2.5 square metres. Umm kule nkalo akayi kungena ezingaphezu kweethathu ezintambo. Iyesine ingasetyenziselwa njenge-sealant. Icandelo elincinci le-cross cross section of this wire should be 1.5 square meters. Mm. Ukongezelela, "ezintandathu" zingasetyenziselwa ukubetha iintambo ezimbini kunye necandelo eliphambili le-2.5 square metres. Mm.

Isixhobo semikhono

Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokuyila, umkhono weHML unoku:

• Ukusebenzisa. Umkhono onjalo ngumhubhe ongenawo.
• Ikhonksi phakathi kwebhubhu. Olu hlobo lusetyenziselwa izihlanganisi zomzimba. Lungisa ubunzulu beendlela zokuxhumeka kwiinkcukacha ukuba zixhunyiwe usebenzisa idatha ye-Sleeve ye-GML. Izicwangciso ezicetywayo (ezivunyelweyo) zicetyiswa ukuba zixhumeke ngokusebenzisa iibhubhu ezixhotywe ngeesahlulo.

Iinkcukacha zemveliso (GOST 23469.3-79)

• Uhlobo lomkhiqizo - umkhono wethusi weetali. Kujoliswe ukuxhunywa yindlela yokubetha iintambo kunye neentambo ezenziwe ngobhedu. Imveliso iqhutywe ngetin-bismuth. Ngenxa yoko, umkhono ufumana umthunzi omhlophe. Kujoliswe kumbane ongadluli kwi-10 kV
• Uyilo lomkhono luhamba. Kwangaphakathi nobubanzi obungaphandle, umveliso uhambelana neengcebiso zeGOST 7386.
• I-HML ijoliswe ekudibaniseni iimbambo kunye neencingo (iiklasi zokuguquguquka kwe-5 kunye no-6). Ukuze wenze i-wiring yeebhola ezenziwe ngobhedu bakala lesi-2 okanye-3, uzakufuna umkhono wethusi wenziwe ngotshani, ubungakanani bawo obuya kukhethwa ngokusebenzisa itafile ekhethekileyo.

Umgaqo wokukhuba

Ukukhwabanisa kuthiwa yinkqubo apho uxhulumaniso lweeyile zombane lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwemikhono ekhethekileyo. Imisebenzi yeendlela zokudibanisa zenziwe ngamathubhu ensimbi (amakhanda) apho iifowuni zihlaba khona zombini.

Umgaqo wokubamba isikhalazo kukunyanzelisa i-sleeve kunye neencingo ngaphakathi kwayo usebenzisa u-clamp we-press. Ekhaya, esi sixhobo esikhethekileyo singatshintshwa ngeepliers okanye ngesando. Ukunyanzeliswa kwenziwa kwiindawo ezininzi. Emva koko, ii-handslee zifakwe kwi-tube ye-shrink okanye i-polyvinylchloride. Eli nyathelo lingaqhekeka xa kusetyenziswe umkhono wokudibanisa owenziweyo.

Amanqanaba

Akunzima ukwenza ukunyanzela ngemikhono xa ulandela imiyalelo yesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo:

• Kufuneka unqume ukuba yiyiphi idibhoji eya kusetyenziswa. Izinto eziphathekayo kufuneka zifanane nezinto eziphathekayo. Iindlela zokudibanisa zeCopsi ezisetyenziselwa iimbambo ezenziwe nge-aluminium azifunanga, kuba ukusebenzisana kwazo kweemichiza kungenzeka, oku kuya kubakho ekukhokheni kunye nokunciphisa ukuqhuba kombane.
• Phatha ingxenyana yangaphakathi yomkhono usebenzisa i-quartz-vaseline pastes.
• Lungisa iibhola zeentambo ukuba zidibaniswe. Ukwenza oku, ukukhushulwa kususwa kwiifowuni. Ubude beli candelo kufuneka lihambelane nobude bomkhono. Ukuba inkqubo yokukhenkcela isetyenziselwa iifowuni ezifakwe (i-cross-section yayo ine-oval okanye i-rectangular shape), ke le miqoqo ifanele ijikelezwe phantsi kwejometri yesandla sokuxhuma.
• Emva kokususa i-insulation, i-cores kufuneka ihlambuluke. Ekupheleni kweli nqanaba, umgangatho wocingo kufuneka ufumane ukukhanya kwesimbi.
• Phatha indawo ecocekileyo yocingo nge-quartz-vaseline paste.
• Gqoka umgca wokuxhuma kwiinkambo ezilungiselelwe. Ngethuba lo msebenzi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphelo zee-fowuni ezixhunyiwe zidibanisa omnye komnye kwiziko lomkhono.
• Yenza ucofe. Umsebenzi uqhutyelwa ngentshukumo ehamba phambili yesigxina esiphezulu se-press ekhethekileyo. Isenzo kufuneka senziwe kuze kube yilapho i-matrices epheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuba indawo yokusebenza yezibungu ihambelana nobungakanani bemikhono.
• Faka isixhobo sokuxhuma. Ukwenza oku, ungasebenzisa iteksi yombane. Kwakhona, ityhubhu yehlayo iya kuqhuba lo msebenzi . Kule meko, iifowuni ezixhunyiwe ziyadluliselwa kuyo ekuqaleni komsebenzi. Kulula ukusebenzisa i-dryer eyakhayo yokwakha.

Kwiimeko ziphi na iindlela zokugwenxa ezisetyenziswayo?

Le teknoloji isebenzisa i-HML ingasetyenziswa:

• Ukuxhuma iingcingo kumgca ngomthwalo ophezulu.
• Xa uxhuma iingcingo ezineqendu elikhulu.
• Kwiimeko, ukuba akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa olunye uhlobo loxhumo.

Iimpembelelo eziqhelekileyo ngexesha lokucindezela

Ngokuqhelekileyo abanye abaphathi, bengenazo izibilini ezikhethekileyo zokukhuba, sebenzisa iipelisi eziqhelekileyo, i-chisel kunye nesando sokukhwabanisa. Oku akukhuthazwayo, kuba iimbotyi zixhotyiswe ngamatrices akhethekileyo, iimbhobho kunye neeponji, eziqinisekisa ukukhwabanisa okuphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iifowuni ezixhunyiwe kumkhono wethusi wenziwe ngamnxeba, emva kwexesha eliphuma kuyo. Namhlanje kwimarike yezixhobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zamaphepha-makhonkco ezinokuthi zikhutshwe.

Ukuba akukho nto yokuxhuma ekhompyutheni yokuxhuma ifakwe kwisayizi efunekayo, ityhubhu yethusi ingasetyenziselwa. Indawo esele ikhululekile phakathi kweendawo eziphilayo kunye nodongxongo lwebheyibhile yethusi yenkosi igcwele iziqwenga zezinye iiswini. Kubalulekile ukuba ezi ziqwenga zisesinyithi esifanayo ne-tube. Le mfuneko isetyenziselwa zombini iibhubhe zethusi kunye ne-aluminium. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinto zombane kulo mkhono kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswe kwiphubhu eyenziwe ngamathambo. Ngenxa yoko, ukukhwabanisa, kukulungele ukuthenga iindlela zokudibanisa ezenziwe kwibakala ekhethekileyo yensimbi. Kwimeko ye-HML, oku kuya kuba yombane wombane.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kuthenge i-GML enecandelo eliphambene nelinye icala, abanye abathengi banqunyulwe inxalenye yomqhubi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa i-cross-section of thermowell yethusi yincinci yincinci kuneyona mva. Ukusikwa akukhuthazwa, ngenxa yokuba icandelo elinqamlekileyo lucingo luza kudala indawo ekhuselekileyo ekukhuseleni kuyo, apho kuphulwa khona.

Emva kokuba i-GML ekhethiweyo engaphumelelanga kakhulu ngexesha loxhumano lwee-multiwire, ayikwazi ukuphindwa kabini kwaye ixoshwe kwimikhono. Idibeneyo ayiyi kunika amandla lo matshini. Uqhagamshelwano luya kuhlala luthembekile. Ukuxhuma iintambo ngokucinezela ukuba akuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa isinyithi esine-soldering okanye umshini wokumisela. Ukulungiselela umsebenzi, kuya kufuneka kuphela izitshixo ezikhethekileyo. Kulula ukusebenza kwiindawo ezingenakufikeleleka. Imikhono yamacenge ekhonkco, kunye nemveliso efana nezinye iindidi, ziye zanda ngokugqithiseleyo kungekudala.