Umzimba Federal executive karhulumente wengingqi

Ukuze ukuba abantu uphelelwa ilizwe labo, inkqubo yedemokhrasi karhulumente iquka oorhulumente basekhaya. Enjalo waphawula bonke oomasipala. Kusenokuba iilali, iidolophu, kwaye ukuba zokuhlala zinkulu kakhulu, ngoko nje inxalenye umzi - ezifana yokuhlala. Anengqondo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: kukho urhulumente - lulawulo, kude ebantwini, kodwa kamasipala - yi (kuhle) ngabantu abasebenza ukuze kungenelwe yena. Noko ke, amagunya imizimba yesigqeba wengingqi self-government iya kusebenza kuphela kummandla wesithili, kwaye izigqibo zixhomekeke kuyo yonke imithetho esebenzayo kunye nemithetho.

Thina isigqibo, ukuphatha, ukulawula

Urhulumente wengingqi unoxanduva zokusombulula emininzi ebanzi imiba enxulumene kwipropati kamasipala. Abameli igunya, abantu bakhethe ezabo izinto, eveza ngokungqalileyo. Kuba oku kukho oorhulumente ezahlukeneyo bendawo ethile.

Ngoko ke kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusombulula le mibuzo ilandelayo:

• ngokubonelela yonke into eyimfuneko ukuze ukusebenza oluchanekileyo eziguqulweyo, amaziko ezempilo, ezemfundo, ezinxulumene ukuze uluntu;
• ukusebenzisa, ukugcinwa non-zokuhlala, izindlu ephethwe ngumasipala;
• eziluncedo yokusebenza inkxaso;
• ukwakhiwa kweendlela kunye nokugcinwa kwazo zikwimeko eyaneleyo;
• Umhlaba, muhle yeendawo zokuhlala.

Impahla nemali

Ngokusekelwe zingasentla, kucacile ukuba oomasipala aphethwe izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo. Eziphawuleka kakhulu izindlu, izakhiwo, ilizwe. Kuxhomekeke zokuhlala ukuba nabangekafumani babucala yaye kusetyenziswa amaziko emfundo kunye nenkcubeko, izibhedlele, kunye nezinye izibonelelo mveliso.

Imali kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba umasipala, ngoko, benza njalo-mali, echaza iindleko yintoni ingeniso ezicwangcisiweyo kunokwenzeka. Imali mali kufika ngeendleko ebekelwa kwintsimi irhafu kunye nezinye iintlawulo, izohlwayo, ukuziswa izinto ze nerente, inxalenye yenzuzo koosomashishini bengingqi. mali loomasipala abondliwayo kuquka yi mali.

Njani yakhiwe?

igunya Public - yinto Isakhiwo kumanqanaba amabini: karhulumente, zendawo. Inqanaba elilandelayo legunya - imizimba yesigqeba non of local self-government kwi Russian Federation. Ukuba abo baza bonke abasemagunyeni wendawo yoxanduva lwalo imisebenzi enxulumene nolawulo intsimi, umyalelo, ekwenziweni imithetho emisiwe. Eyona misebenzi iphambili imizimba yesigqeba wengingqi self-government - yinto isiqinisekiso yokuthobela kunye neemveliso kummandla imithetho yase nemimiselo ezithatyathwe kwinqanaba elisezantsi. Oku amaxwebhu yendawo ukuseka imithetho nemimiselo ekulo mmandla, kwakunye obambeleyo kwinqanaba zesifundo RF.

Izidumbu esigqeba kwamandla karhulumente weengingqi self-government abe nolawulo ngummiselo functionality. Ngamafutshane, oko kwenziwa ngokupheleleyo izakhiwo ukuqinisekisa kwisebe yesigqeba phantsi emhlabeni. Ngokwesiqhelo nje uhlobo amandla obuxhasa ofisi kasodolophu wesixeko okanye lulawulo.

Ukuba yimalini kwaye isebenza njani?

Ibonelela impefumlelwano abasemagunyeni olawulo kunye wengingqi self-government ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo oluneqela igunya. Kulo mzekelo, isibakala esisiseko kukuba igunya lolawulo buzinze ezandleni kwentloko abalawuli - uhlobo lwabantu abakhethiweyo, bakhetha ukuvakalisa intando yabantu.

Lolawulo lweengingqi yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyathotyelwa imithetho yase. umsebenzi wakhe - ukwenza imali, avume kwaye ukusiqhuba. Ethatha inxaxheba kumaqumrhu esigqeba wengingqi self-government wepropati ngumasipala, ukulawula hi ndlela ifanelekileyo ukuze isakhiwo igcinwe kwi imeko echanekileyo, zilondolozwe rhoqo wazilungisa. Ekugqibeleni, xa kwindawo yoxanduva - ngamaphulo ezoqoqosho, uphuhliso lwentlalo, ummandla phantsi kolawulo lwabo. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, ukwakha iinkqubo ezifanayo, amabhunga olawulo of local self-government kufuneka benze konke okusemandleni ukuze ziphile. Uxanduva kakhulu ubuxoki nentloko yalo mzimba, oko kukuthi, intloko yolawulo.

Kwaye yintoni ngaphakathi?

Lo mbutho yangaphakathi imizimba yesigqeba wengingqi self-government - yinto lwemigangatho apho phantse usoloko la manyathelo alandelayo:

• intloko, oko kukuthi lowo ekhokela umsebenzi kweGunya, kwakunye kutshintsha, amagosa amisiweyo;
• isixhobo yezolawulo, nto leyo ibandakanya abasebenzi ezingundoqo ezenza izenzo imizimba yesigqeba wengingqi self-government;
• iikomiti kunye nezinye iiyunithi;
• Iiyunithi isebe elilawulayo elinoxanduva kwiindawo ezithile, ezo ngokuqhelekileyo ukubizwa ngokuba indawo.

Entloko!

Ngoko ke, kukho umzimba federal esilawulayo kurhulumente wengingqi, lo mntu ubalulekileyo apha. Lunoxanduva indlela amandla isebenza, igade oko, inika ezahlukeneyo kwimiba zokuhlala kunye nemiqondiso-mali kwaye iyasamkela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.

Kwilizwe lethu, kuba ulawulo ngokubanzi kusebenza kuphela akuyi kubakho umnyinyiva kunye nabameli kunye yesigqeba wengingqi self-government. Ingaba intloko, leyo ke eya kuxhomekeka kunye zinyanzelekile ukuba ingxelo rhoqo: indlela, yintoni, kwenziwa kangakanani, nokuba ngendlela eyiyo. Kwelinye icala, intloko lolawulo ayikho nje kulawula noba umsebenzi kakuhle imizimba ummeli kunye yesigqeba wengingqi self-government. Ukuba into engahambi kakuhle, bambuza buqu: imithetho, luxanduva olusemagxeni kunye nomphathi ngokobuqu.

Kwaye yintoni enokwenziwa?

Enyanisweni, kuba yintoni nendlela iya kudibana umntu ibalulekileyo kulawulo yeendawo zokuhlala, uthi yamkelwa kule Tshatha ndawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko kubonisa ukuba intloko kufuneka lwabiwo-mali kunye nolawulo, ukuya inkqubo zemali yathi yaqatshelwa. Ngaphezu koko, nguye ubani zonke izinto kwipropati kamasipala. Oku kungenziwa imizimba ayamileyo, kodwa unako ngumnini, ngqo. Phela, oku kangako. Ipropati kamasipala idla kakhulu eninzi kumaziko ahlukeneyo, amashishini. Ngokufutshane, kukho, apho kukuzingxala.

Ukongeza kule ngaphambili ekhankanywe, intloko ulawulo iqinisekisa ukuba, njengoko iqatshelwe mmandla phantsi kolawulo lwabo amalungelo nenkululeko abemi. Ilawula semthethweni into eyenzekayo kule ndawo uyiphathisiweyo kuye. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, intloko unakho ukususa elinye okanye elinye sikhutshwe ngugunyaziwe owayamileyo, kwakunye ukuqalisa umsebenzi nayiphi na inkqubo okanye uxwebhu ukuze kuxhamle kamasipala. Intloko yendawo isebe kulawulo - ukuqukumbela izivumelwano, amalungiselelo ilungiselelwe ukuba isayithi omthembileyo. Ekugqibeleni ke uyintloko yomzimba esilawulayo iimbasa karhulumente wengingqi abantu ayamileyo, ngabula, ubiza uxanduva. Phakathi na ezi zinto ukuba abasebenzi bakamasipala.

Imithetho kunye nendawo

Malunga ngubani ungalawuleka umzimba esilawulayo urhulumente wengingqi, itsho 2003 yamkela umthetho kwi Local Government. Ngokukodwa, oko umba ngokukhetha isahluko eyahlulelwe ukuba inqaku 37. Uyatsho ukuba intloko yezemfundo nayo intloko zolawulo kwaye oko kuba umntu lowo ikhontrakthi. Le ndlela yesibini kunokwenzeka ukuba sikhundla ezingenabantu, endaweni yakhe waba ukhuphiswano kunye ekhethiweyo ngenxa makamisele ngeyona nto intle-sicelo.

Xa ukhuphiswano esicwangciswe, umsebenzi yokuphumeza inkqubo ngokomthetho kwamagxa esilawulayo karhulumente weengingqi. Kumelwe uxwebhu kuqala koko inkqubo ukhuphiswano, oko kukuthi, indlela kuvumelekile ukubamba esi siganeko. Ngokwesiqhelo ibango kwisigxina esikhethekileyo. Okulandelayo, kufuneka ukhethe abasebenzi ukuze ndimmisele pre-ukufumanisa ukuba kufuneka abantu abaninzi ukusebenza kakuhle.

Khumbula ukuba asingawo onke amalungu ikhomishini ayonyulwa liqumrhu elilawulayo kamasipala, ezinye zinika ukukhetha yendlu yowiso-mthetho zesifundo, apho kusebenzayo oku. Kuthatha indawo ngokusekelwe sisigqibo site aphezulu esemthethweni. Ngaphezu koko, iKhomishoni nokuhlalutya izicelo ze ichonge ilungileyo, ekuthi ngawo iimeko eziyimfuneko ukuze babhalise isivumelwano kunye nabaphathi elizayo futhi kuthabatha imvumelwano isampulu. Intloko ulawulo yenza ngolwazi lwalo enjengesakhiwo igunya owayamileyo kuye, kwaye ikhomishini unelungelo lokuvuma le projekthi okanye nithumele ngokurisayikilisha. Kwakhona, le komiti iye ekunene umkhwetha ukupheliswa kwesivumelwano esayinwe ngumphathi.

Isahluko: ungubani

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, umzimba esilawulayo karhulumente wengingqi kuxhomekeke entloko. Ngolo lonyulwe zonyulo loomasipala, njengoko iya inqaku we-36 lo mthetho-2003 balapho-government. Kungenjalo, ukhetho - senziwe isigqibo esixhasa elinye lamalungu yolawulo.

Ukuba ukhetho, apho amanye amagosa ziye kwendawo intloko wolawulo, ngoko izwi lakhe kwixesha elizayo kuya kuba kubalulekile ukuya kwiintlanganiso ngabasemagunyeni. Le umphathi kungakhokelela ulawulo okanye ukuthatha kwisithuba usihlalo webhunga elimele. Kodwa ukuba ezahlulwe nezitulo ezibini akakwazi; okanye intloko kulawulo, okanye usihlalo. Kwaye oko, yaye kwenye indawo kumntu omnye ngumthetho ukuba abambe akuvumelekanga.

Yahlula kwaye ulawulo

Le nkqubo yaba kakuhle ngomzuzu lwalo izimvo malunga nolwahlulo olulungileyo ngamandla. Noko ke, xa kufikwa kwiidolophu ezincinane - ezifana kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, imeko ezikhethekileyo. Kwiindawo ezinjalo uhlala kakhulu ngabantu abambalwa, ngoko iintloko ezimbini lizinikele nantoni na. Lwanele ukukhetha umphathi, nto leyo eya oludibanisa kwizithuba ezimbini, kokubini njengosihlalo kunye nentloko.

Ngokuqinileyo phezu kwesihlalo entsha, intloko unokuthi:

• Bonisa indawo kwezinye iingingqi, oomasipala, amagunya karhulumente, amashishini kunye zabemi. Le boss akadingi amandla egqwetha, njengoko umsebenzi njengommeli luqikelela ukuba onke amalungelo kunye namandla. Oku kuthetha ukuba intloko uya kuba nako ukungena amaphepha baze bachaze kwizikhundla ngemiba eyahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle - ezi amatyala amakishiweyo abakhethekileyo-mthetho.
• Sayina izenzo zomthetho eyamkelwe izakhiwo subordinated, kwakunye deal with kuphunyezo lwawo, ukungenisa ngexesha elifanayo Charter kwiinkalo zezifundo.
• Issue izenzo, kodwa ngaphandle ngokwaphula imida igunya.
• Babize hayi ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kodwa ngaphambi koko, ukuba oku kuyimfuneko.

Kubani yaye njani?

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ezi amagunya isebenza kubo bonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, iintloko koomasipala. Akukhathaliseki ukuba indlela weza amandla umphathi othile, akunamsebenzi yeyiphi ukhokelwa liqumrhu elisemthethweni.

Xa umasipala ngamnye usebenza eyakhe charter yayo yoqobo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kumiselwe iimeko ezinjalo kunye namathuba wandise ogunyazisiweyo indawo esemthethweni. Kulo mzekelo, ukwanda angenza isicelo kuphela kwabo baphathiswe igunya lolawulo, abo ayinikwe ummeli, ngokunjalo kuzo zonke ngaxeshanye.

Ngaphezulu, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba igosa, intloko kamasipala, kufuneka kuphenduliswa labantu eziphilayo kummandla uyiphathisiweyo kuye, nelawulwa yi ngabantu. Ngaphezu koko, umzimba ummeli nayo banelungelo amabango phambi kokuba ingxelo le yesigqeba igunya lendawo.

Imithetho azikho ngengozi

Imithetho yelizwe lethu iyangqinelana kwaye ezivakalayo. Ukususela yokuba yintoni na isakhiwo karhulumente xa iyonke, migaqo isebenza yonke indawo Russia, ngokusengqiqweni kulandela ukuba intsimi kufuneka kulawulwe ngokwahlukeneyo umda ezisebenzayo ngamnye iziqalelo lwemigangatho karhulumente.

Eyona njongo yenkqubo yolawulo ekhoyo - ukuqinisekisa imisebenzi efanelekileyo kamasipala. Oku ngenjongo ukuphumeza ulawulo olufanelekileyo kwaye ziye zaziswa, abasemagunyeni olawulo asekuhlaleni. Kwangaxeshanye, izazinzulu kwinkalo lomthetho bathi loo kule mini, urhulumente wengingqi eRashiya ngokwaneleyo ziphuhliswe ngokufanelekileyo, le nkqubo ifuna ukuphuculwa kakhulu. Noko ke, usebenzisa esi sixhobo, nangona isebenza (ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka ungeniswe nge isiphunzi-kumgangatho), ndafundela ezenzululwazi kunokuba aziphelelanga. Enyanisweni, ithi kuphela ukuba isigqeba Njengogunyaziwe wengingqi, ulawulo, unamagunya athile. Inqabile kakhulu ukubona umsebenzi lwenzululwazi kuphuhliso kwesi sixhobo, ukuphuculwa.

Amagunya kumda wesangqa lophuhliso

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba omnye imimiselo olubaluleke kakhulu kweli lizwe --siseko. Oku kuthetha ukuba abasemagunyeni asekuhlaleni kufuneka zilandele ngqo kolu xwebhu. Iimpawu zolawulo koomasipala ezibhaliswe kweli nqaku th 132. Inika uluhlu oko kungathatha intloko kamasipala. Oku kuthetha ukuba nawuphi na ngaphezu kwamandla, ngaphandle ukusekwa imithetho yendawo ezongezelelweyo, awavumelekanga. Kungenjalo, siya kugxininisa gwenxa igunya, nto leyo eRashiya echasene nomthetho.

Omnye umba obalulekileyo kukuba urhulumente wengingqi - lungamandla, anyulwe yi ebantwini, ngenxa yabantu, nangenxa yabantu. Oku kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi omkhulu kwamagosa karhulumente - ukuze bakhusele imfuno abo bazisa ukuba amandla. Nokuba, xa kusenziwa, oku kuyenzeka akusoloko kufuneka sizama kuyo. Kakhulu isuke yimigaqo self-government wengingqi ngcinga idemokhrasi ilizwe lethu - ummandla ephambili yophuhliso kwakunye ekufuneni ubulungisa. Nasebantwini kulawula ngabameli abanyulwe, kunokwenzeka ngaphakathi umthetho sele ukuba ukulahla kumashishini, amaziko emfundo kunye nezempilo, inkqubo ngendlela apha eya kwimpumelelo intsimi subordinated.