Apho Gogol wazalwa? Apho Gogol wachitha ebuntwaneni bakhe?

Enkulu Russian umbhali, umbhali, umgxeki, yimbongi yekhasi uNikolay Vasilevich Gogol wenza igalelo elikhulu ukuba uncwadi kazwelonke ubuntatheli, nawenza imisebenzi yayo emininzi ongafiyo, ezinye ezifanelekileyo kakhulu namhlanje. Noko ke, njengoko naziyo, sonke sivela ebuntwaneni, ke ngoko, ukuze uqonde imvelaphi umsebenzi wakhe, kuqala kufuneka wazi apho wazalelwa Gogol, abazali bakhe yaye yintoni amava okuqala eguqule imbono yakhe.

Apho ekuqaleni Janowski

biographers Gogol kaThixo ingxelo ukuba izinyanya zombhali, babengababingeleli zofuzo yaye akukho ngokunxulumene yezikhulu. Siyazi ukuba uyise-mkhulu - Athanasius Dem'yanovich - bahlala kufuphi Poltava waza wathabatha igama Yanovsky, emva kwindawo igama, apho wakha indlu. Emva kweminyaka embalwa ekufumaneni iziqinisekiso kwi wabanumzana, uye wongezelela igama lakhe enye - Gogol, khon 'ukuqinisekisa (okanye, njengoko abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa, ukuba bazakhele a) ulwalamano lwabo ubuntu ezaziwayo-kakuhle - Kol Evstafiem Gogolem, lowo wenkonzo uKumkani UYohane yesiThathu Sobieski. Ngoko ke, ookhokho yombhali wafudukela Little eRashiya bevela ePoland kwenye kwisiqingatha sesibini kweyeshumi elinesibhozo. Ukuze ube nobulungisa athi yena ngokwakhe uNikolay Vasilevich Gogol impazamo babekholelwa ukuba igama Yanovsky wasungula imiqobo. Kungenxa yoko 1821 wamane wawisa. Ngelo xesha, utata wakhe akasekho, ngoko akukho mntu ukuze kunqandwe unyango simahla kunye negama generic.

Apho N. V. Gogol wazalwa?

Umbhali elizayo enkulu Russian wazalwa ngoMatshi 20, 1809 kwidolophana Sorochintsy, ngelo xesha waye Poltava kwiphondo yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Namhlanje, le lali ubizwa ngokuba Sorochintsy Great kwaye iyinxenye kwisithili Mirgorod of Ukraine. Ngexesha lokuzalwa Gogol kaThixo, kwakusaziwa ukuba mboniso wayo odumileyo, nesidibanisa phantse kuzo zonke iindawo Ukraine nkqu ePoland kunye namaphondo esembindini eRashiya. Ngenxa yoko, zezabelo encinane umbhali enkulu elizayo yaba liziko evenkileni noko ezaziwayo-kakuhle, apho ubomi ngokupheleleyo.

Indlu apho Gogol wazalelwa

Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, izakhiwo ezininzi Mhar njengoko wonke ummandla Poltava, yatshabalala. Ngelishwa, bebonke isiphelo sinye ezehlela indawo apho wazalelwa Gogol - indlu uGqirha M. Trohimovsky, nto leyo 1929 yayiququzelelwe myuziyam sungula ku kwiminyaka bakhe ebuntwaneni. Kweli xesha kwemfazwe, omninzi ukufumana izinto kunye namaxwebhu lwaqhutywa kunye neziganeko emalunga ebuntwaneni yombhali enkulu. Ayikwazanga, yaye emva kweminyaka emithandathu kwisayithi yendlu kutshatyalaliswa apho Gogol wazalelwa, isakhiwo esitsha, nto leyo likwaneklinkhi imyuziyam zoncwadi-sisikhumbuzo kwakhiwa. Namhlanje ke ingqalelo enye ezinomtsalane eziphambili Sorochintsy Great yaye apho, iindwendwe ukubona izinto zabantu umbhali, umfanekiso wakhe Repin kunye nezinye iintlelo kunqabile kuqala. Emva kokutyelela kwilali, apho Gogol (eliboniswe ngezantsi) wazalwa, unako ukubona zobungangamela yoTshintsho Church. Le itempile, elakhiwa ngenkulungwane elinesibhozo okuqala isimbo Ukrainian ezimbejembeje, iyothusa ngokuthi kubekho apho ngo-1809, wabhaptizwa yombhali.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Abazali Gogol ngelo ngexesha lokuzalwa kwakhe, wahlala kwilifa lakhe Vasilievka okanye Yanovschina, ekufuphi kwilali Dikanka. Kuzo zonke, le umvavanyi Collegiate Vasily Gogol-Yanovsky kunye noblewoman Maria Kosyarovskoy wazalelwa oonyana abalishumi, inkoliso yabo wafa ezelwe. Umbhali omkhulu elizayo kakhulu yaba umntwana wesithathu kunye omdala lokusinda ebudaleni. abantwana Gogol-Yanovsky bakhulela kwindawo umoya ubomi yasemaphandleni belingana kunye noontanga babo kwiintsapho Sasungulwa. Kodwa ke, kwangaxeshanye, abazali umbhali iindwendwe rhoqo kwi amafa eselumelwaneni, kunye Vasily Gogol-Yanovsky abanye ixesha wakhokela yeqonga ikhaya lakhe ezikude isalamane D. P. Troschinskogo - ilungu umhlala leBhunga State. Ngoko ke, abantwana bakhe abazange anqunyulwe enkcubeko kunye nokuzonwabisa ndisemncinane ukuba uhlomele ubugcisa noncwadi.

Apho yokukhula wadlula Gogol

Xa wayeneminyaka elishumi ubudala, yena wathunyelwa Poltava ukuya omnye wootitshala ndawo abathatha inxaxheba kumalungiselelo umbhali elizayo ukungena esikolweni Nezhinskaja. Ukuba Great Sorochintsy - kwilali apho Gogol wazalwa, isixeko Nezhin - indawo apho wachitha iminyaka yakhe elivisayo. Ngelo xesha akazange alibale Mhar njengokuba uchithe zonke iiholide, abazifica a fun ungakhathaliyo Elucweyweni oodade kunye nabantwana abalimi.

ISifundo kwisikolo semfundo ephakamileyo

Iziko, apho abazali Gogol yawafanisa ngenxa uqeqesho olungaphezulu, yavulwa ngo-1820. igama lakhe elipheleleyo elizongomayo Nezhinskaya kwezesayensi yesikolo esiphakamileyo. Imfundo apho kwathatha iminyaka esithoba, kwaye abafundi babe ngabantwana iingangamsha Little Russian kuphela. Baphumelele Nizhyn Gymnasium kuxhomekeka kwiziphumo zeemviwo wafumana elinesibini isikhundla okanye udidi weshumi "Uluhlu sezikhundla." Oku kwakuthetha ukuba izatifikethi ekhutshwe elo ziko, wacaphula belingana iidiploma eyunivesithi, kunye nabanini awo kukhululeka kokuba uthathe iimviwo eyongezelelweyo imveliso amabakala aphezulu.

Xa sikhangela maxwebhu, yesikolo UNikolai Gogol-Yanovsky wayengenguye umphengululi ngenkuthalo, yaye bakwazi ukuthatha iimviwo, ngenxa kuphela imemori kakhulu, nto leyo iye yaba ngundaba-. Ukongeza, ugcine iinkumbulo abanye ootitshala kunye nabo umbhali elizayo, wangqina ukuba ngenkankulu unike ulwimi lwasemzini, ngokunjalo nase-Latin isiGrike, kodwa iincwadi Russian nokupeyinta baba Umthethisi yakhe ayithandayo.

Circle of abahlobo ngeli xesha ukufunda kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo

Umbuzo ngubani nempembelelo ukuyilwa izimvo ngobomi nesimilo umbhali elizayo, ayibalulekanga ngaphantsi iinkcukacha malunga apho wazalelwa Gogol khona. Ngokukodwa, kwiminyaka oqolileyo, likhumbula ngayo ngexesha izifundo zakhe Nizhyn yokuzilolonga kunye neqela abahlobo kunye nokuzinikela ekubeni kufundiswe thina. Phakathi ofunda zombhali ukuze kuphawulwe Gerasima Vysotskogo, Aleksandra Danilevskogo, leyo Gogol wayengumhlobo ubomi, kunye UNikolai Prokopovich kunye Nestora Kukolnika. Kubahlobo owuthandayo lo mkhuba ukubhala anthologies yoncwadi kwi yamali, yaye kanye ngenyanga ukuze ukupapasha kwijenali ngesandla esiphakamileyo kwisikolo sakho. Kwaye Gogol ngokwakhe ngokufuthi epapashwe kwimibongo kwakhe kuqala yaye babhala inoveli zembali kunye umbongo kuye. Ukongeza, zithandwa kakhulu abafundi banandipha uvuthondaba Wabhala kwisixeko samandulo ezintle.

Le minyaka yokugqibela kufundisiso high school

Xa Gogol wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu kuphela ubudala, yena waphulukana uyise, nto leyo ilahleko enkulu kuye. Ngoko ke, nokuba eneminyaka umfana onjalo, waye eyindoda kuphela entsatsheni (abazalwana abane wafa ezelwe, yaye omnye ngaphezulu - Ivan - ngo-1819). Nangona unina lo mbhali liqhubeke ukunika izibonelelo zabo ezinqabileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unyana wakhe amthandayo yakwazi kugqiba esikolweni samabanga aphakamileyo, njengoko ndicinga ngako yingqondi, kwaye bakholwa impumelelo yayo. Kubulungisa kufuneka kuthiwe uNicholas ukuya kutsho ekupheleni ukhathalelo ubomi bakhe, noodade, nkqu wala ilifa, ukuba ndibanike ikhazi endilisekileyo.

Ngokumalunga iminqweno okuye umfana kule minyaka yokugqibela yokufunda esikolweni samabanga aphakamileyo, ephupha inkonzo karhulumente, kwaye uncwadi ijongwa ngaphezulu njenge uhlobo oyithandayo. Okwa into, apho Gogol wazalelwa, badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwikhondo lakhe elizayo kunye negalelo eliphezulu-iprofayile bt kwikomkhulu emantla.

Uhambo eSt Petersburg

Emva kokushiya indawo apho wazalelwa, Gogol waya koyisa eSt Petersburg. Apho, akathabatheli ngezandla ezishushu. Ekuqaleni, Nicholas wayefuna ukuzama isandla sakhe nokwenza bawucekisile bokubeka medium bazibeke yephondo. Kwinkonzo yoluntu, kwabonakala kuye ekruqulayo kwaye akukho ntsingiselo. Noko ke, lo mfana waphawula ukuba Little Russia, yaye yonke into enxulumene nayo, unomdla kakhulu kwawona Petersburg, yaye kukho waphulaphula ngenkoliseko imisebenzi intsomi Little Russian. Ngaloo ndlela, bonke ababevela kwiindawo apho Gogol wazalwa, isixeko kwi Neva wathabatha, njengoko bathi, nge bang! Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba umbhali ngifuna kwileta phantse zonke kamama, simcele ukuba undixelele malunga ezinye iinkcukacha indlela yalapho yokuphila, okanye ukuthumela kuye isithethe endala ukuba umama anokuba yiva abalimi babo, okanye abasemzini, wenze oluya kwiindawo ezingcwele.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba bathi, ukuba ucelwe: "Xela indawo apho . Gogol wazalelwa" nani niya kuba nako ukunika ezinye iinkcukacha ngobomi bakhe, ezinxulumene esakhula. Kwaye ukuze sinandiphe nendawo Ukraine, kufuneka utyelele ilali of Great Sorochintsy kunye nesixeko Mirgorod. Ngoko ungabona ngamehlo eyakho uNonzwakazi abadumileyo kunye echibini, leyo bemnandi umbhali, embiza ekuphela kwayo elolu hlobo. Oko ikhona kule mini, wada wenza chibi layo!