Yezikhalazo ukusonjululwa neembambano ulamlo. iingcebiso zomthetho

I Aic unika ezinye iinkqubo zokusombulula ingxabano. Amaxesha amaninzi, bavumela nxaxheba yempixano ubudlelwane ukufikelela kwimvumelwano ngawo ngeendleko eziphantsi. ngakumbi Cinga emele inkqubo yaphambi kwetyala (Claims).

Overview

Yezikhalazo ukusonjululwa kweembambano enkundleni kulamlo lokugqibela (Inqaku lesi-5 h. 4 APC) ibandakanya ikhomishini iziganeko ezithile phambi kokuthumela ingxelo sebango igunya eligunyazisiweyo. Ngokuhambelana nale mthetho, kunyanzelekile ukuba iindidi ezithile amatyala. Ulamlo Ilungelo ngoko kuthintela unikezelo yebango ngaphandle ukuthotyelwa.

feature

inkqubo Pre-kwetyala lokusombulula ungquzulwano yenye iintlobo yokhuseleko. It iqulathe ukuzama ukufumana isisombululo esamkelekileyo esihlanganyelweyo ngenxa nxaxheba le liabilities ezenziweyo phambi kokuthumela isikhalazo kwabasemagunyeni ogunyazisiweyo. practice Ulamlo ibonisa ukuba indlela ukuphelisa ungquzulwano ngoku ethandwa kakhulu. Resort kuyo oko alibotshiwe naxa umthetho.

isiqulatho

Yezikhalazo ukusonjululwa neembambano ulamlo liye lancitshiswa iintshukumo ezilandelayo. Umbolekisi (sicelo elizayo) nxamnye onetyala (ummangalelwa) imfuneko yokuba ukuphunyezwa kwezi zibophelelo substantive, wavuma yokugqibela. Ibango yenziwe ngencwadi ebhaliweyo. Kuyo kukho isalathiso imbopheleleko ngokwayo khumbuzo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuze ahlawule. Ngoko umbolekisi icwangcisa ixesha elifanelekileyo ukuzalisekisa iimfuno. Emva ngokuyithumela ulindele impendulo. Onetyala ukuze kulungiswe ngokuzithandela elityala okanye ukunika ingxelo yalo ukubulawa kwayo. Ukuba impendulo evela kuye icebo, kwaye ityala ilungiswe, kwabakho, kukholelwa ukuba umbolekisi kuye kwaphawulwa yezikhalazo ukulungisa iingxabano. Ngokwemiqathango wenkundla ulamlo ziya kuba nokubaluleka enkulu kwiingxoxo. Isicelo, olawula umboleki kufuneka amisele ixesha elifanelekileyo, oko kukuthi, enye apho umntu onetyala akakwazi ukuhlawula ityala. inkqubo Pre-kwetyala kunokuquka uxanduva umboleki ukuba ulwalathiso amanyathelo isebenza amagunya athile karhulumente.

base olumisiweyo

Yezikhalazo ukusonjululwa neembambano yolamlo inyanzelekile, ukuba kunjalo ngokucacileyo kuchazwe emthethweni okanye ekhankanywe kwimvumelwano. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uluhlu yemiMiselo Federal, ebonelela imisebenzi iidilesi, kumba kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo, i-Code Civil. Art. 452 n. 2 ukwamisela ukuba imfuno ukupheliswa / loyamano isivumelwano, ukuze ibango iqela ku yingisela kuphela emva kokuba ifumanekile kukusilela omnye ngokuxhomekeke umpoposho okanye non-impendulo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukuba yokugqibela lingakulungele, oko kuthathwa njenge iintsuku 30 kwithuba wolawulo. Umzekelo classic ikhonza art. 797 of the Code Civil. Ngokutsho liyana, ukumangalela yenethiwekhi kunye neemfuno evela imvumelwano impahla zokuhamba, umbolekisi unyanzelekile ukuba bagcine inkqubo lokufuna yokuhlala imbambano. Isicelo enkundleni nolamlo siya kuqwalaselwa kuphela xa ukusilela buso okanye elipheleleyo lombutho nkonzo ukuhlawula amatyala okanye non-impendulo kwisithuba inyanga. Isicelo iya kuthunyelwa yimithetho osekwe iikhowudi zezothutho okanye yedolophu.

iinkcukacha kwimiqathango

Kwezinye khowudi kunye amaxhwebhu enkulu kakhulu yezikhalazo ukulungisa iingxabano. INkundla Arbitration andiva amatyala amagosa agunyazisiweyo sikhokelwa:

1. Charter of Railway Transport of 10.01.2003, inani 18. Art. 120 esi senzo olumisiweyo sicacisa ukuba phambi kokuthumela amanyathelo ukunyanzelisa ukuba yenethiwekhi ibango enyanzelekileyo singeniswe. Kubangel 'umdla ukwazi ukuba lo mgaqo usebenza kuphela ukuba iziganeko zothutho imithwalo, kodwa impahla.
2. Merchant Shipping Code. In Art. 403 KTM wayezimisele ukuba phambi kokuthumela kwimbambano ekhoyo, umbolekisi makangenise ibango kulowo unetyala.
3. Ikhowudi Water (domestic) izithuthi. Esi senzo Isikhalazo olumisiweyo yandiswa kakhulu. Ngokukodwa, i-Code ithi phambi kokuthumela ibango enxulumene iimpahla, umkhweli, kungekwamthwalo iziko ethwele, qiniseka ukuba ukwenza amabango kubantu uxanduva. Esi sikhundla bunikwa kwimizobo. 161.
4. Code Air. In Art. 124, n. 3 Kuye kwasekwa ukuba ibango kufuneka phambi ukophulwa yebango kweemeko imvumelwano umoya kuthutho umthwalo okanye mail.
5. Charter of kunezithuthi zikarhulumente. Qh. 158 kokuba ugqibe ukuba ulwalathiso ibango yi Umthunywa / consignor ophethe (inkampani okanye umbutho) okuqhutywa ibango kunyanzelekile. Noko ke, kule meko, kukho ukuphikisana ethile. Le tshata sokuqala ingakhankanywanga umthetho federal. In Art. 5 FZ № 71, elawula ukuqaliswa amanyathelo APC kubonwe ukuba inkqubo yaphambi kwetyala isebenza kwiimeko eyayikho ngaphambi kokuba imvume ulawulo olufanelekileyo ngasentla. Okwangoku, ngenani Federal Umthetho 96, umthetho inombolo 71 ukusuka 01.09.2002 yamkelwa null and void, ngaphandle Art. 9. Oku kulandela ukuba Article utshilo. 5 kananjalo akaba amanyathelo asemthethweni.
6. Federal uMthetho № 126 176. Art. 55 nobuGcisa. 37, ngokulandelelana, ukuseka imiyalelo mandatory uthi umniki-nkonzo ngumsebenzisi xa zizaliseka ezingafanelekanga okanye ezingekho-inzaliseko ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano kuwo ukuze kubonelelwe ngeenkonzo / lokuvelisa.

ukwengeza

Njengoko kuboniswe practice ngolamlo, asizizo zonke iimeko zingahlukaniswa ukusuka ekuthiwa nokuthintela kunye kusisinyanzelo preliminary iimfuno yokungeniswa otyalwayo kulowo unetyala. Isenzo wokugqibela njengoko iimeko zohlobo substantive, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, yinxalenye yesicelo isiseko kunye umbandela ubungqina. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ummangali angafuna uncedo ofanelekayo zomthetho. Phakathi kwale mithetho, enika ulwalathiso "isilumkiso" ngasentla, kufuneka kuchazwe Civil Code. Ngokomzekelo, xa Art. 286 lwafumanisa ukuba igunya okanye karhulumente nabasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni, ezo abanolwazi ukuba isigqibo ekurhoxisweni ilizwe ngokungqinelana kumabala ezichazwe yi Art. 284-285 koMgaqo, kwakunye pre-saziso olawula abanini izabelo zokuphula ezenziwe ngabo, ukuba LC. Ukuba umnini isiza ngembalelwano yazise amaziko ogunyazisiweyo, ikuvumile isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwesivumelwano, lowo anawo impahla unako lwenziwa kwifandesi kawonke. Ukuba umnini oluchasene ukurhoxiswa, umzimba owenza isigqibo ngayo, unelungelo lokuya enkundleni.

ngomthetho werhafu

mthetho Ulamlo yekhampasi NC kaninzi. Le Code Irhafu ubonelela imithetho, njengoko apho emva kokuba isigqibo malunga nokubekwa lwemfanelo waphula igunya zokusuphavayiza wenza ibango ukuba ukuchacha kuyo ukwayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku abasemagunyeni irhafu linyanzelekile ukuba acebise ukuba Mhlawuli okanye elinye iqumrhu kubuyekeza ngokuzithandela imali ahambelanayo. Kwimeko ekungaphumelelini onetyala okanye umhla zokwamkelwa intlawulo kwezohlwayo igunya abaziisuphavayiza angafaka isicelo enkundleni.

Inombolo FZ 948-1 le RSFSR

Kulo Mthetho olumisiweyo (njengoko ulungisiwe yamkelwa kamva), elawula kwisigaba ukhuphiswano kunye luthintelo umsebenzi monopolistic, ubugcisa. 20 kuba kubonakele ukuba esi sicelo ongafumananga mpendulo kwisicelo wakhe FAS kwixesha ngenyanga-mbini, okanye akuvumelani isisombululo bakufumana, ukuba ungaya enkundleni. Ukubalwa eli xesha lwenziwa emva kokuba kufunyenwe umzimba ahambelanayo isaziso ogunyazisiweyo sifundo.

umthetho patent

Ngokutsho Art. 21, p. 9 FZ № 3517-1 (kunye ezongeziweyo zamkelwe kwaye izilungiso), kwimeko babengavumelani nesigqibo ukunika igunya okuvelisiweyo okanye ukwala ngayo, kwakunye isicelo ukuqondwa sirhoxisiwe, lowo ubandakanyekayo nga usenokufaka inkcaso kwi Chamber ogunyazisiweyo igunya yesigqeba federal kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ukusuka kumhla wokufunyanwa isenzo efanelekileyo. Resolution le meko kufuneka ivunywe yi yintloko isakhiwo, ezisebenzela entsimini bepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda. Le Isisombululo ukusebenza ukususela kwixesha isigqibo kwaye yavavanywa kwetyala.

lawulo wemali

Inombolo Umthetho 14, kwachazwa ukuba unelungelo lokubhena kwigunya Federal ukucombulula kubo apho iiyantlukwano ezimalunga nokusekwa iirhafu kubanikezeli ubushushu namandla ombane kunye nabathengi, iingingqi ikhomishini amandla. Iimbambano athe anxulunyaniswa ulawulo karhulumente lweerhafu, kuquka abo ezingachazwanga kulo mzimba zixhomekeke zophengululo lobulungisa. Ngelo xesha, inani Federal uMthetho 38 Wathi amalungiselelo bavalelwa ngaphandle. Imibuzo ezivelayo isicelo uMthetho Federal №-14, zangeniswa kuRhulumente kunye nomzimba federal yesigqeba solawulo abadibeneyo zendalo. Ngokutsho kweengcali, le nto ayibonisi isisombululo mandatory pre-kwetyala kweembambano yi-Federal uMthetho nombolo 14.

ikhowudi amasiko

Le ummiselo ngaphambili eziqulathwe Ch. 57 limisela ukuba "isibheno kokuqala," leyo, enyanisweni, njengoko zinjalo yokuhlala pre-kwetyala. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi Art. 46 (p. 1) lo Mthetho, izikhalazo malunga Ukungenzi / kwisakhiwo amasiko okanye abasebenzi balo musa ngaphandle ilungelo sibhengezo elandelayo okanye ngaxeshanye abhekiswe isiqulatho inye kuqala.

ubuhlobo zezivumelwano

Kananjalo unganikeza yezikhalazo. Kwisicatshulwa kwesivumelwano kufuneka kuboniswe oko imibuzo ukuze yoconjululwa ngale ndlela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, nxaxheba intengiselwano asiyi kunikwa uxwebhu elahlukileyo inikezela isivumelwano pre-kwetyala phakathi kwamaqela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwisicatshulwa kwekhontrakthi yokuqala ekhoyo caveat kuphela malunga noku. Ngelo xesha, zonke ukunyhashwa otyalayo esivumelwano kunokwenzeka ayikwazi kwangethuba. Kule meko, ngokufuthi, nkqu phambi amagatya efanelekileyo kule mvumelwano, amaqela achaphazelekayo kufuneka uncedo lwezomthetho.

bokuqonda

Umsebenzi ephambili unetyala xa kuthe kongquzulwano wakhetha kwisivumelwano ngomhla amagama kakuhle. Imeko ebomini inokuba nomahluko kakhulu, ngokunjalo, izizathu apho otyalayo laphule isivumelwano, kunokuba esicalanye. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubudlelwane nxaxheba enyanisekileyo, bakholisa ukufumana ukusilela. Kuthiwa kuba kukulungele kanye ukuba umbolekisi, ngokuba isivumelwano yaphambi kwetyala kuya konga ixesha, amandla kunye nemali kwiingxoxo. Okokuqala, kufuneka amalungiselelo ngokufanelekileyo neemfuno zabo.

features ukuhlanganiswa

Ibango yenziwe, njengoko kubhalwe phantsi. Lo mthetho akambeki iimfuno ezithile ukuba okubhalwe kolu xwebhu. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka abe khona:

1. Igama of sicelo data Island oyiNgcwele kubhaliso.
2. Idilesi yendawo mbutho.
3. Iinkcukacha zeBhanki.
4. Izizathu lokulawula izikhalazo. Oku kunokuba (ngokuxhomekeke kubunjani contract) buso okanye epheleleyo ilahleko, umonakalo impahla, ukunqongophala kwempahla, ukulibaziseka ekunikweni, njalo-njalo.
5. Ubungakanani ibango ngalinye ibango ngokwahlukeneyo, iirisithi, ii-invoyisi, ikhadi-akhawunti, eyilwayo njalo njalo.
6. Uluhlu amaxwebhu aqhotyoshelweyo ukuxhasa iimfuno.

Ibango ziyakusayinwa-sicelo. Ukuba umbolekisi esebenza njengommeli, amagunya ayo kufuneka esiqinisekiswe ngamandla ligqwetha.

ngokoMthetho

Bathi zinika inani izenzo olumisiweyo, kuquka nangaphezulu. Ngokutsho Art. Charter 123 g / d yezothutho, ibango elichasene zenethiwekhi kuziswa kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu, kwaye ngokubhekiselele fayini kunye nezohlwayo - iintsuku ezintlanu. Beka kwithuba zobugcisa. 406 KTM. It ingqamana ntetho ixesha bavala iimfuno enkundleni. Imeko ekhoyo kweli nqaku. 161 (p. 4) loMgaqo-Code of amanzi (lwasekhaya) izithuthi. Kwimeko zokugxojwa umntu ophethe umoya yebango bangesosigxina kuqhutywa kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu. Lo mthetho lusekiwe art. 126 Code ehambisana. Indlela yokuthumela ibango kufuneka endikunyulileyo ukuba kamva kungaba le nyaniso. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu abachaphazelekayo zithunyelwa ngeposi ngohlobo ileta obhalisiweyo ubhaliso emva kwesaziso. Enye indlela umntu unikezelo kwi irisithi. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayikho popular njengoko umbhambathiswa angala usayine nokwamkela zamabango onke.

impendulo

Phantse zonke iikhowudi zothutho kunye amaxhwebhu umisela isibophelelo azise umfaki sicelo ngesigqibo. Ukuba akukho kubonelelwa emthethweni okanye umthetho, kwicala impendulo - ulandelise ngesiphelo ekunene. neemfuneko umxholo wayo achazwa kuphela eminye imithetho. Umzekelo, ukuba babekho kule Tshatha f / d zezithuthi ubugcisa. 124. Ukuba umamkeli ugqiba ukuba andulule ibango, impendulo kufuneka kugwetyelwa. Kufuneka ukhankanye ukubhekisela amaxwebhu olumisiweyo, leyo yayikhokelwe sifundo. Ukuba isigqibo ukwanelisa ibango, kuloo impendulo iya kuquka inkcazelo ukuhlangabezana njani imfuneko. Ukongeza, kufuneka ukhankanye ixesha apho baya kubulawa.

Imiphumo-zokungathotyelwa neemfuno mthetho

Ngokutsho Art. 126 n. 7 Aic, ukuba ibango kufuneka ikhatshwe ngamaxwebhu ebonakalalisa ukuba lo sicelo wasithobela inkqubo yebango ukuba imilinganiselo umda walo iseti okanye isivumelwano. Imiphumo ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela nale mfuno achazwe Art. 128 n. 1 Ikhowudi. Ukuba uzimisele ekuqwalaseleni isicelo, kwaye itsalwa kunye iphula imithetho echaziweyo yi Art. 125-126 APC inkundla eligunyazisiweyo kwenza isigqibo sokuba ibango ashiywe ngaphandle intshukumo. Noko ke, inkundla lityumbe ixesha apho kusilela ezichongiweyo kufuneka alungiswe. Ukuba umntu ochaphazelekayo aluyiphelisi iintsilelo, ibango kufuneka ibuyiselwe. Ukuba inkundla arbitral emva ngokwamkela isicelo kwimveliso ityhila ukuba Isikhalazo khange kufikelelwe kuwo ngummangali, iimfuno zalo aseleyo ngaphandle ingqalelo. Esi sibonelelo esungulwe vutshila. 148 APC.

Ngubani onelungelo kuba yimfuneko?

Kumashishini, njengoko umthetho, ubonelela ngokuba isebe ngokusemthethweni, ogama imisebenzi ziquka inkxaso esemthethweni kwinkampani. Imisebenzi abasebenzi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, uphendulela kunye ntetho izilangazelelo yenkampani kule nkundla. Ngako oko, iingcali usebenza ngeembalo ezahlukeneyo efunyenwe abakhi, kunye nee-arhente zikarhulumente. Ngelo xesha, ukuyilwa nangoko kwamabango kwaye ayikwazi ukuba zibandakanywe imihlaba imisebenzi yabo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngamahlakani ukunganeliseki zingangqamana kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo lweshishini. Umzekelo, inkampani wafumana isikhalazo malunga ukulibaziseka ekunikweni. Kuba ekuthunyelweni kwempahla kumkhawulela abasebenzi yokugcina. Ngako oko ke, uyakwazi ukuchaza ukuba kutheni ukuziswa yalibaziseka okanye, phezu koko, zalatha zidala yebango. Ingxaki lezomthetho lweshishini kukuba ukujonga ukuhambelana neemfuno amaxwebhu ke lo mthetho. Ngoko ke, abasebenzi nezinye iiyunithi ze nkampani ukuba umsebenzi apho ibango ifumanekile, ziyila impendulo kuyo (okanye ngokwalo ukuba ukuhlukunyezwa benziwa otyalayo). isebe zomthetho zeengcali sijonga ukuchaneka yokuxhoba yayo, ubukho zonke iinkcukacha ezifunekayo amakhasi.

iziphumo

Isivumelwano phakathi nxaxheba ingeniso civil usoloko busenza ukuba ubukho umngcipheko ethile. Enoba kunjalo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, ukuba otyalayo zingophula imiqathango wo yingisela. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ayisoloko landela ngoko nangoko amangalele. Okokuqala kufuneka ukuba azame ukulungisa ingxabano ngaphandle kokubhenela kukhuseleko lomthetho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, amaqabane Awukwazi ukufumana phandle indlela. Kwiimeko apho ngamahlakani andifuni ukwenza umnyinyiva, akukho wumbi kuhlala, ngaphandle kokufaka intshukumo. Okwangoku, nasemva kokuba ibe ingqalelo kwintlanganiso yokuqala amaqela ungquzulwano bayamenywa ukuba beze ukusilela. Ukuvunywa yesivumelwano soqhawulo-mtshato - ngenye indlela ukusombulula le meko.