Vera Voloshin - feat "Girl kunye nesimbo." Hero of Russia Vera Danilovna Voloshina

Yintoni eyenza feat Vera Voloshin? Ngubani na yena? Ezi kunye nezinye imibuzo eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku. Ukholo yaba Red Army kwesimo kunye ngabom compound ekule kwikomkhulu leNtshona Front. Le ntombazana kwayekwa 1941 emva isiJamani, kwaye Hero le Russian Federation (1944).

biography

Feat Vera Voloshina yaziwe ngabantu abaninzi. Yena wazalwa ngo-1919, ngoSeptemba 30, kwidolophana Scheglovskaya (ngoku - Kemerovo sixeko) kwisithili umgadi-Tom Parish Kuznetsk kwiphondo Tomsk eRashiya, kusapho katitshala kunye wasemgodini. Xa waqalisa ukuya esikolweni, lo ukufana useleganelwe kwezemidlalo: yeembaleki nakwimithambo yomzimba. Kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, wafumana kwitumente kwi jump eliphezulu.

umqhubi ezimbini kaYuri ke umhlobo wakhe osenyongweni neclassmate. Xa Vera waphumelela iiklasi ezilishumi, ngoko ndafudukela eMoscow. Ngowe-1936 wamkelwa kwi-Central State Institute of Physical Education. wabhalisela Ngelo xesha kwi Moscow Aero Club, apho waqalisa ukufunda ukuba skydive yaye ubuchule zokulinga moya I-153 "Chaika". kananjalo kakhulu uthathe umdla omkhulu ukupeyinta, imibongo kunye ukudubula. Ngowe-1936, wabhala ingxelo apho wavakalisa umnqweno wayo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule mfazwe yamakhaya eyaqala eSpeyin. Wenqaba.

Artist nomkroli I. D. Shadr ngo-1935 fumene umyalelo karhulumente ukuba ukuveliswa uthotho eqingqiweyo zokuzonwabisa kunye nenkcubeko park ogama emva Mxim Gorky, ngelo xesha yayisekelwe eMoscow. Waya ke Iziko lezemidlalo echibini apho ebethanda umfundi Voloshin. Iqela labafundi ezimashumi mabini, ekwakukho phakathi Ukholo, waba kumasifundisane le nomkroli.

Singqongwe nemithombo emnyango iphambili Central Park umfanekiso "The Girl kunye nesimbo" - umfanekiso Wokholo. ukufana ezingenakubalwa imisebenzi yobugcisa kamva efakwe kwi lonke parks Union. Ngokutsho kwezinye iinkcukacha, i lamandulo. In Shadr ngokoqobo inguqulelo yokuqala oqingqiweyo kwiminyaka 1934-1935, xa Vera wayeneminyaka 15-16 ubudala, kwaye wayengakwazi ukuba umfundi, waphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.

Ukongeza, uguqulelo lesibini mfanekiso wenziwa emva ekugxekweni kwezinye imifuziselo, nande umsebenzi nomkroli. Kutheni umfanekiso egxekwa? Ngenxa iingubo zakhe abazange kakhulu ukuba jibe embi kunye nezithethe puritanical sele lusekiwe.

A freshman Vera Danilovna Voloshina phakathi kwezinye abafundi baya ngezemidlalo kwinkampu ubusika, ibekwe kufuphi Serpukhov. Apho, waba wagula influenza, ngenxa apho waba iinyawo agule. Kwakufuneka ukunyangelwa ixesha elide, kodwa ukuphela kwayo kodwa kwanyanzeleka ukuba aphume esikolweni eyunivesithi yezemidlalo.

Kunjalo, ubuthe amandla, Ukholo wabuyela eMoscow, yaye kunye nabahlobo bakhe sixeko lwakhe bangena urhwebo University Moscow Cooperative Soviet.

Ngowe-1941, ehlotyeni, Vera Danilovna Voloshina emva konyaka wesithathu abaphumelele iimviwo waya Zagorsk, kufuphi eMoscow, apho kuqhutywa uqeqesho. Kunye afunda nabo on June 22, ndagqiba ekubeni ndiye uhambo lokufunda le Museum kaBathathu Emnye Lavra of St. uSergiyo. Endleleni, amantombazana evenkileni isebe lathenga Ukholo isilika ilokhwe emhlophe. Ngapha koko, kunyaka ozayo wahlela ukutshata umqhubi ezimbini kaYuri. KaYuri sele ezazimenza isithembiso, yaye abathandi bagqiba ngomhla emtshatweni. Wodliwa kwangaloo mhla, uVera wafumanisa ukuba imfazwe.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Voloshin wafa ngowe-1941, ngoNovemba 29 kwidolophana Golovkova (kwisithili Naro-Fominsk, kummandla eMoscow).

Umsebenzi wokuqala

De kube ngoku, abantu sikhumbule feat Voloshinoy Faith. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba xenikweni IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, Mfazi wawuqokelela ukuba ukwemba imisele anti-itanki kunye imisele kule ngingqi ikuyo le iindlela eMoscow. Ngo-Oktobha, wangena ezintlwini Red Army ngokwabo. Wacela kwi inxalenye inani zomkhosi 9903, ukubayinxalenye icandelo lezobuntlola i labasebenzi umgca ngaphambili Western, ukwenza imisebenzi utshaba ngasemva.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala lokwenza yokulwa imishini Ukholo ababesele 1941, ngo-Oktobha 21, kuloo ndawo kufutshane yokuma eMoscow kaloliwe Zavidovo. Emva koko, kusesemini izihlandlo ezintandathu waya ngempumelelo ukuya ngasemva waseJamani.

Zoe

Umkhosi inani 9903 ngo-1941, ngoNovemba, wafumana ukusekelwa. Phakathi abafikayo kwakukho Kosmodemyanskaya no Zoe, ngubani wayephumelele nje kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Zoe kwiqela lokuqala Wagcinwa thile ngaphandle, kodwa kungekudala Vera wafumana indlela yakhe, kunye namantombazana baba ngabahlobo. On ukuthunywa kwakhe zamvanje ukutshisa (inkampani) iingongoma zokufudumeza kunye nabanye kotshaba (ekwindla kwakubanda kakhulu) ahamba kunye.

umsebenzi

Ngowe-1941, 21 November, Ezomva utshaba wabashiya amajoni ezimbini. I Kraynov Boris yabangela. Komsorgom yesibini Voloshin waqeshwa, yaye umphathi - Provorov Paul. Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya yaba yinxalenye yeqela yesibini. Xa Scouts babewela ngaphambili, kwafuneka ukudala amaqela amabini, iyileyo waba umsebenzi yalo.

Noko ke, ekuhlanganeni kweendlela ababelwa ngaphambili adubula phezu utshaba, yaye ngokungxama kwasekwa iiyunithi, kuqamba ejikelezayo. Ngoko ke indlela of Faith kunye uZoe sahlukana. Kosmodemyanskoy Iqela wabubhekisa ubuso kwilali Petrishcheva. Ukholo Waqhubeka umsebenzi kunye namaqabane akhe. Kodwa wona yakhe phakathi iidolophu kunye Golovkova Yakshina wabuya weza phantsi ngomlilo, yena naporovshis warhawula amaJamani. Vera walimala yathinjwa ngamaNazi.

Ezimbini squad wakhe ababekwababelihlolile Ukholo okanye isidumbu sakhe, kodwa zange wafunyanwa. Kangangethuba elide Olubomvu Army Vera Voloshin eziphezu kuluhlu lwe abantu abalahlekileyo. Kuphela ngo-1957, kwaye sibulela umsebenzi yophendlo ye nentatheli nombhali G. N. Frolova wafumanisa njani Wafa Ukholo, kwaye afumane ingcwaba lakhe.

ukufa

Isohlwayo Vera Voloshin - isiganeko eyoyikekayo. Bendawo wasixelela ukuba Ukholo baseJamani ababexhonyiwe ngowe-1941, 29 November, kwifama Golovkova. Ubungqina ukufa le ntombazana yathi amaJamani bazisa Ukholo kwindawo ngokubulawa kwi kumatshini. Bamakhela ukusuka itheko willow ecaleni kuyo wahlanganisa inani elikhulu fascists. Bahambe Kwakhona apha kuthinjwa amajoni Russian, owayesebenza kwebhulorho.

Okokuqala Voloshin ndandingaboni nje, kodwa xa akafakwanga udonga ecaleni kumatshini, abantu webhali. Girl elele kwimpahla yakhe, apho bonke ezifeleyo, waluqaba kunye negazi. Imoto waqabela amaJamani ezimbini yaye wayefuna ukunceda bakhwela Ukholo. Kodwa kwawenza kwaye, enye ngesandla ebambelele ndlwana, wavuka ngeenyawo zakhe. Owesibini isandla sakhe ebelijinga ngathi isabhokhwe - kubonakala ukuba sele ixheliwe.

Waza Vera waqalisa ukuthetha. Ekuqaleni, yena wathi amagama ambalwa isiJamani, waza waqhubeka e Russian. Uthe oko akoyiki kufa, kuba wayeqinisekile ukuba Impindezelo yeyam combrade. Wathi ukuba Russian kufeza kufezeke phezu amaJamani. Amazwi okugqibela Vera Voloshina zikufake ngonaphakade kwimemori abemi kulo Golovkova efama.

Kwaye ngoko yena waqala ukucula. Wayecula "I Internationale", nto leyo kumaxesha Soviet soloko kuculwa kwiintlanganiso kunomathotholo kusasa nangokuhlwa. AmaJamani wayephulaphule Ukucula Ukholo cwaka. Igosa, ukulawula kubulawa, amajoni akhwaza into. Baya kuwaphosa Ukholo kwi loop entanyeni atsibe emotweni.

Igosa waya lwe wamxelela ukuba ahambe ukusuka ndawo. Kwaye loo nto ukuhamba, zonke emhlophe. Kuyabonakala ukuba, yena kusetyenziswa ukuxhoma abantu musa. Igosa koko wakhupha holster yakhe ivolovolo, wathi into yohlobo. Kuyabonakala ukuba, wafunga ngamandla. Wayebonakala nivuke, kunye nemoto wahamba. Ukholo ndandingakwazi ndikhwaze kakhulu kangangokuba belali babaleka igazi ebandayo: "Ndlelantle, amaqabane," Xa ubungqina wavula amehlo akhe, wabona ukuba UVera iye yabeka.

engcwabeni

Feat Vera Voloshina abantu baya kuze ndiyilibale. Kuphela phakathi kuDisemba, utshaba lweMedia, yaye abahlali bakwazi Golovkova willow ukususa umzimba Wokholo. Wafihlwa ngayo iimbeko ezipheleleyo apha. isidumbu wakhe kamva wasiwa emangcwabeni, ise-Kryukov.

Emva kwethutyana ifoto amantombazana ejinga afunyanwa kwi-German-mpepha. Iingcali abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba bazise isohlwayo Voloshin.

ukulahlekelwa noqhekeko

kwilali Petrishcheva yayimi neekhilomitha ezilishumi ukusuka Golovkova. Ngosuku lokubulawa Wokholo kwiziko yayo waxhonywa kunye Kosmodemyanskaya uZoe.

Hero of Soviet Union ezimbini umqhubi uYuri Ukholo zintanda, nayo wasinda imfazwe. Wabulawa ngo amanyathelo ngokuthatha inxaxheba ukusebenza Mogilev.

holo

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Vera Voloshina - Hero of Russia. Eli isihloko yanikezelwa kuye ngo-1994, 6 Meyi. Ngowe-1966, ngoJanuwari 27, iphephandaba "PRAVDA" yapapashwa isincoko Frolova Georgiya Nikolaevicha, "IMbasa intombi."

Ngo September, sasiba iziganeko festive azinikele Idabi eMoscow. Yaye lo mzuzu M. P. Georgadze (njengoNobhala Elawulayo USSR Council Ephakamileyo) thaca unina Faith Order of kwinqanaba War I Patriotic.

olondolozo lwembali

Vuma, Vera Voloshina biography emangalisayo. Olondolozo lwembali zilandelayo badalwe imbeko yakhe:

• Museum of Voloshin Ukholo umqhubi ezimbini uYuri (Kemerovo, inombolo School 12).
• Inxalenye mboniso, igcinwa imyuziyam zembali (Naro-Fominsk, kummandla eMoscow).
• Club "Inkumbulo" (owayesakuba UVera Voloshina Museum kwilali kwisithili Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk).

memory

Imbeko Heroine ezi ezikhumbuzo zifakelwe:

• Monument of Faith Voloshinoy e Golovkova (kwisithili Naro-Fominsk, kummandla eMoscow).
• Voloshin Monument kule lali Kryukovo (kwisithili Naro-Fominsk, kummandla eMoscow).
• Kukhona str. ukholo Voloshinoy e Mytishchi, Kemerovo, Dagestan Ogni, Belovo (kummandla Kemerovo).
• Ngowe-2017, njengokubizwe kwi emibuzo neememo Khoroshyovsky District yesithili yoLawulo kumantla eMoscow (Inombolo indlela wexesha lakudala ekujongwe 6084).
• lwemveli House abantwana Naro-Fominsk kwakhona ngokunxiba igama lakhe.
• Ndabiza igama park omzi kwisixeko Kemerovo.
• inombolo School 12 Kemerovo ebizwe ngegama lakhe.
• Zamob inkampani yokuthumela Azov yathiywa emva Heroine.
• Ukholo yathiywa emva kwilali Golovkova Sfax Lyceum, apho wafela Heroine leyo.
• Wadala documentary film "UVera Voloshin: Uyabulawa Kabini" (Workshop "Rome Okwesithathu", 2007).
• Igama Ukholo ukuba igama iplanethi encinane 2009 Voloshina.
• Yaroslavsky kaloliwe kwicala eMoscow waqalisa ukuya uloliwe "igama Hero of Russia Vera Voloshina" ukususela ngo-2003.

ukubaza

Yintoni na le sculpture odumileyo 'Girl kunye nesimbo? " Yintoni eyenza kube okulungileyo? "Girl kunye nesimbo" - igama jikelele eqingqiweyo, wenza ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ngu abakroli Romuald Iodko kunye Ivanom Shadrom. Kuye nelithi ukubhekisela kubo eqingqiweyo udaka elifanayo ( "ngokoqobo gypsum yobusoshiyali"), nto leyo kwixesha eSoviet zazihonjiswe kunye neepaki zolonwabo kunye nenkcubeko.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kunciphiso Moscow Gorky Park ngo-1934 benza womzobi Alexander Vlasov. Wagqiba ukuseka yokuqubha ngasemthonjeni ingcamango ethile nkqo zomzimba lomfazi. umakhi ekubeni ngaphambilana Vlasov sele abhekiswe Ivan Shadra malunga abazenza epakini abumbe ezahlukeneyo eqingqiweyo yamandulo, ayinikwe sculpt sculpture indawo enkulu olonwabo.

Shadr kulo nyaka baqalisa ukusebenza kwi oqingqiweyo "Girl kunye nesimbo." ukuphakama kwayo, kunye nesiseko yobhedu kufuneka ube ziimitha ezi-12. Kwakutheni ukuze kahle phezulu kangaka? Yafika sikali ngokungqinelana imilinganiselo lomthombo, ipaka iindawo oya kuyo. Lo mfanekiso kwafumaneka 1935 embindini umthombo epakini kwi kwingoma main.

Ngokutsho legend, nomkroli njengomzekelo esinyuliweyo Vera Voloshin, oko sithetha ngayo apha ngentla. Lo mfanekiso ubonisa intombazana-imbaleki ngaphandle iimpahla, emi kunye ukuyibamba nesimbo sakhe ngesandla sokunene. umzimba wakhe namandla ezahlukeneyo Ekuveleni intloko umntla, iimilo zeplastiki enamandla. iinwele zakhe wayedityaniswe kwi "iimpondo" ezimbini, intloko uchazwe ngokucacileyo, intamo nebunzi zivuleleke ngokupheleleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ikomiti yokhetho kuye ugxeke Shadr umsebenzi, kuquka indawo ephakamileyo, yaye kunyaka omnye, lo mfanekiso wafuduselwa usepakini, kunye nenkcubeko Luhansk. Xa Tretyakov Gallery Bagciniwe ikopi yayo kuncitshiswe. Xa ngokuthi ngumfazi Shadr umsebenzi wakhe ngesamente 1950 emva wadala yobhedu.

Ngehlobo lowe-1936 Ivan Shadr wakha umfanekiso uzakukalishwa ezisibhozo-omtsha ikhonkrithi yabangazijongisisi nzulu. Kweli xesha ibe njengomzekelo abenza umthambo Bedrinskaya uZoe. Sculpture yafakwa kwi kwiintsika iintsika embindini emthonjeni. Around siwela jet amanzi, ukudala uhlobo kwekhuselo. Ngowe-1941, xa ukukrola yatshatyalaliswa zokuqhushumbisa.

Abanye bakholelwa ukuba mfanekiso Shadr waba AMAGQABAZA ▸ ekuveliseni gypsum iikopi amanani kukuninzi elikhankanyiweyo iipaki phantse yonke eSoviet Union. Enyanisweni, ukuba senziwe ngokomfanekiso nomkroli R. R. Iodko enegama elifanayo, zidalwe nguye ngo-1936 ngenxa ipaka "laseDinamo" inkundla hydrophytic. Lo mfanekiso eyayenziwe gypsum yaye ukuphakama 2.5 m. Ngokwahlukileyo shadrovskoy "intombi" Iodko oqingqiweyo ubambe nesimbo kwi kwisandla sasekhohlo efake swimsuit.

Ngowe-1935 Iodko Romuald wenza umfanekiso "The Girl kunye nesimbo 'ukuba umthombo. Ekuqaleni olwalumiselwe Cherkizovo kwi kwibala eMoscow "Electric". Lo mfanekiso ubonisa umfazi emi phezu emlenzeni ngasekhohlo. Yena ke unyawo lwasekunene nimiswe, etsala phambili edolweni. ingalo yakhe ngasekhohlo kwehliswa yachukumisa umlenze wasekunene umfazi isandla wacinezela amaphini. Yena wayenxibe T-shirt kunye iibhulukhwe ezimfutshane. Lo mfanekiso kwakhona wakhonza prototype sokwenza iikopi.

namhlanje

Ngo-2011, ngo-Epreli, ikopi yawo wazibeka phezu shaft iCrimea kwi Tretyakov Gallery. Ngelo xesha Kapkov Sergey (umlawuli we Gorky Park) wathi lo mfanekiso uya kubuyiselwa epakini.

Ngo-2011, ngomhla wesi-3 Septemba, ukusungulwa lo mfanekiso yayiza kufakwa kwi-Central Park (ngaphakathi kwimida waxhasa uhlanga "Golden Boat"). Ukungqinelana epakini umyalezo sculpture ummeli lasekwa ngo-2011, ngomhla woku-1 Septemba, wazivula ngomhla wesi-3 Septemba, uSuku mzi.

anika umdla

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba malunga intombazana kunye nesimbo eyakhiwa iingoma:

• Valery Sjutkin.
• Kimmelfeld nguDmitry.
• "Underwood" ( "iqhosha ebomvu" albhamu).
• "Aquarium" iqela (albhamu "White Horse").

Xa accordionist nomqambi lomculo "Birch" V. Temnova ngoma uphawula Umfanekiso odumileyo.