Dovator Jikelele: biography. Army General Dovatora

Imbali enkulu Russia amagama kunye neziganeko, ezo umzekelo zicacileyo iinkolelo Russian, nto leyo esekelwe uthando lizwe. amalungelo Ebuhlungu - a feat uhlala apho, kodwa kukho ithuba umzuzu ukuhlola ukuba ilizwe yamnikayo ulowo nalowo. Dovator Jikelele, Karbyshev joni Matrosov, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Panfilov Heroes, abaselula "Krasnodontsev" - abantu ababuncamileyo ubomi babo ngenxa kwilizwe labo. ubuqhawe babo - ubungqina invincibility yomkhosi lwethu kunye inflexibility lomlinganiswa Russian.

Uhlaba amanqaku ngembali

Dovator Jikelele - yokugqibela hero-mkhosi kwimbali elide udumileyo mabutho. Ekuqaleni perestroika, apho wavula zibhuqe indlela ebanzi, kuquka ihlekisa ngokuqatha memory yezembali, babhala ukuba Red Army yayingenanto yokuphikisa imishini Empire kodwa ihashe moribund. Ukuba yonke imibuzo, izibakala nembono, sezakhiwo amajoni Russian amathe behlekisa. Enkosi amaxesha kulunga ziye zatshintsha - ezifana Russian, abanekratshi yembali yayo kwakhona kugqalwa obalulekileyo nolungileyo.

Amaqhawe ntiyiso udinga Russia yanamhlanje

amaxwebhu avaliwe ezigciniwe ngaphambili yenziwa yafumaneka, nto leyo izibakala umdla evulekileyo okanye ngaphambili eyaziwa uluhlu limxinwa ngoku akandifanele kunye nenzuzo achazwe. Umzekelo, isibakala sokuba General Dovator umthetho nje kuphela-Calvary, yaye yaba inkosi obalaseleyo rider kunye trick ikhwele. "Alexander Nevsky" Ngala amakhono kutshintshwa imiboniso samahashe UNikolai urgant zefilimu. Igosa brilliant Russian, clever yaye eyinzwana, kodwa ayikhangeleki "Subject mbumbulu" bephethe impambano zabangento kwi "imishini Empire." Ngokukodwa ekubeni kukho amaxwebhu aseburhulumenteni, nezinika ulwazi malunga inani lezithuthi lutshaba, utshabalalisa Cossacks wakhe ngexesha alingenele ngasemva utshaba. "Irhamncwa Okuphezulu" babemoyika yena ukuba ningethi amandla, yaye intloko yakhe wamiselwa ixabiso 100,000 Reichsmarks.

Lowo ngokwenene nto, nibe zonke

Ngubani na yena, Jikelele Dovator? Le hero edume wafa ekuqaleni, kodwa ubomi bakhe oludlamkileyo, umdla natyebileyo. Nangona yokuba wazalwa umlimi kusapho oluhlwempuzekileyo Belarus (1903), Lev akugqiba isikolo Parish lokuqala kwinqanaba lesikolo eziziisekondari. Kungekudala emva kokungena kwesityalo umqhaphu, wonyulwa njengonobhala wekomiti Komsomol, kwaye lolu kule ndlela ngo-1923 wathunyelwa (kwaye ngempumelelo igqityiwe) e sovpartshkolu. Umkhosi Dovator jikelele elizayo, ogama engobomi ngoku nawona kufuneka ihlanganiswe kunye nemikhosi exhobileyo, ebizwa ngokuba ngo-1924.

indlela ekhethiweyo ngokuchanekileyo

Elifumileyo yokuqala kuphela kwezoqoqosho - zavskladom (kwikomkhulu-7 Calvary Division e Minsk), Lev baqeqeshwa kwi iikhosi Military-acid, umnika ilungelo lokuba babe kukumthetheli-himvzvoda candelo. Ngaphezu koko, lo Dovator jikelele elizayo, ogama engobomi kuhlangene ukuba isifundo eqhubekayo, iqukumbela Borisoglebsk, iLeningrad-Calvary School ngokomlomo i-Red Army. iminyaka ke embalwa (1929 no-1936) waphawula wokukhula career ngobomi bakhe - ethembisa webutho alimwi ngenxa yokuba nguMkomishinala recon eyahlukileyo. Kule posi oko kuthathwa Frunze Military Academy, ogama abafundi ngelo xesha, njengoko umgaqo, ithunyelwe uqeqesho eSpeyin. Xa isiteketiso "wehlathi" Lev wabamkela kwakukho iqela SA Vaupshasova, okanye "comrade Alfred."

kufuneka zihlengahlengiswe mabutho

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, apha kulapho LM Dovator wafunda Amaqhinga imfazwe Moroccan amahashe abalwe kwicala lwe Franco, yaye wenza inkqubela ebonakalayo. Ukuhlolisisa watyhila ukuba i "fast" njengoko bathi bona abaxhasi Franco, amaqela amahashe wenza elihamba ezizimoto, izithuthuthu kunye imipu umatshini kunye nezithuthi vehicles. Kuphela kule ndawo amahashe onokuba esisebenzayo. Kwimfazwe zobuqili indawo enzima umkhosi uyile. Kukho ukuqashisela ukuba ukudilizwa ezivalelweyo enjalo kwi-Red Army edibene imbuyekezo Dovatora eSpeyin.

Sisiqalo warlord umsebenzi lihle

Ngowe-1939, i-jikelele elizayo Leo Dovator kunye iimbeko akugqiba Academy. Frunze. Phambi kokuba wavula umsebenzi okuqaqambileyo. Ukususela ngoNovemba 1939, waba yintloko labasebenzi 36 Calvary Special Red Banner Order of Lenin Brigade. Stalin CVM continuer ufanelwe luzuko kunye nezithethe Yokuqala-Calvary Army. Ngokutsho kwezinye amarhe, kwaba "incwadi yesicelo". Njengalo okanye hayi, kodwa iqela emehlweni, yayindwendwele phantse yonke imihla abameli abasemagunyeni, uninzi lwabo ukusuka kwi-Calvary Lokuqala. Ingakumbi ndwendwe rhoqo yaba Vasily Stalin, umthandi enkulu zamahashe. Notyelelo zindwendwe ezibalulekileyo wenza iyunithi umboniso ukuba rhoqo kwimilo kunye ngokupheleleyo ukulwa nokulungela awakha, kodwa bawubona. Ngowe-1940, i-jikelele elizayo Lev Mihaylovich Dovator wakhokela ikholam abakhwele elo kwimiju- e Red Square.

Award phambi kwempi

Kanye ngaphambi kwemfazwe, ngoMatshi 1941, LM Dovator wawongwa Order of the Red Star. Amagama yaseburhulumenteni, enokuthi eye wanikwa umvuzo omkhulu onjalo, akukho. Kodwa kukho inani ngeenkolelo, kuquka kubonakala ezifaneleke kakhulu ukuba ilandelayo. LM Dovator, esekelwe kumava iSpanish, ephakamisa ukusetyenziswa abakhwele kuyo umbane ehlasela emva imigca yotshaba. Ukongeza, kusenokwenzeka waqalisa amasebe intelligence iintlawulo zolawulo iintloko kwizithili zomkhosi, apho kwenzeka kanye phambi kokuqalisa kwemfazwe, isindululo sokuba kusekwe iziseko yabanqolobi kunye kwiidepho iingalo izixhobo kwi ezinabantu enokwenzeka xa enzulwini km ukuya ku-400.

version esemthethweni

NgoMatshi 1941, i-Dovator efanayo lifumana kuqeshwa omtsha, eli xesha kwi Belorussian Military District, 36 th-Calvary Division, i-Chief of Staff. Ngokutsho nenguqulelo esemthethweni, iintsuku zokuqala yemfazwe, Colonel Dovator wadibana esibhedlele, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba bafike kwisikhululo umsebenzi omtsha. Kwale nguqulo, ngoAgasti 1941, ngexesha xa Red Army yena layohlala kwaye ubunzima nelahleko enkulu, LM Dovator wawongwa Order of the oluBomvu Banner for amadabi ngoyaba kwi kwicala Solovetsky.

iqiniso ambiwa

Kodwa abaphandi baqikelela ngakumbi engobomi bakhe ethi, ukuthelekisa izibakala ezithile zibonisa ukuba eli bhaso eziphakamileyo ngenxa ngokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lokuqala ngempumelelo isindululi irula M-13, esaziwa ehlabathini lonke phantsi igama "Katyusha". Yaba July 14, 1941 kwisikhululo Orsha-Ukurhweba. Ngokusekelwe maxwebhu, akholelwa ukuba, ngokwemiyalelo lobuqu Stalin kaThixo, Colonel Dovator kwafuneka ukuba singene kwikomkhulu-16 Army kunye, ekubeni amatanki yokuchithwa kwayo kunye nomkhosi, isiciko ibhetri Flerova emva kokwenza loo imvula kuqala. Qhubeka ukuqinisekisa ahlasele yakhe ngempumelelo kwiindawo angasemva utshaba yaye kungabi ngaphantsi kwe siphumelele ukuya kummandla hayi awayephantsi kwamaNazi.

Ngubani nendlela atshabalalise 52 himpolk th German

Kuthathwa ukuba webutho, th 52 of chemical German satshatyalaliswa ngoJulayi 15 phantsi imikhosi Sitno ezisemilenzeni ilifa Dovatora Mishulina, Kaduchenko. Le yokugqibela ezimbini (zidlula) ngexesha elifanayo Dovatora bawongwa isihloko Hero eSoviet Union. yesiqinisekiso Official olu guqulelo ayihambi - mhlawumbi hayi nokuba ixesha. Captain Flerov, injengele ibhetri M-13, waye abasinikwa kwaphela. Kwaye ngo 1960, ukuba wonyuselwa ngesiquphe isikhundla Hero eSoviet Union. Kukho umfanekiso inqabile kakhulu, apho lo Dovator jikelele elizayo (umfanekiso iqhotyoshelwe) incumile - awufumana nje IMbasa Red Star.

Beqhiphuke umbilini i "unesibindi"

Kodwa merit yayo ephambili Enkulu Patriotic War baba behlasela edume kwi ngasemva utshaba, enza eyahlukileyo-Calvary Group wabumba we-50 no-53 th-Calvary Division kwaye wafumana phantsi kolawulo lwakhe. Nazi iinkcukacha-manani ka-2300 (eminye imithombo - 2500), amagosa kunye namajoni, izithuthi 200 kunye namatanki 9 wabatshabalalisa Dovatortsev; kubo apho abadlali beqonga isekisi. inkosi elikhethekileyo zokukhwela iqhinga, zidubule amaJamani emi izihlalo, okanye aphume isisu ihashe.

Ovuthayo isibindi lithemba kunye ilifa enkulu wehashe - oko enought ukoyika amasoldati Reich, ngubani idlala bambamba Europe. impi kufuphi Rzhev umendo White-on Lam umlambo, kwidolophu Solnechnogorsk, ngomhla we Istra ichibi wabanqanda imikhosi German ekwimimandla emelene eMoscow.

Isigqibo Executive

NgoAgasti-Septemba 3000 Cossacks phantsi umyalelo umntu inkalipho lithemba ndikhwankqiswe i "Aryans oyinyaniso", igama eMoscow wayesazi zonke joni waseJamani, waphoswa amaphetshana kunye nomvuzo phezu kwentloko yakhe yonke. AmaJamani kutshiswa ngokupheleleyo ndawo yakubo e Belarus kwaye yenza eyodwa wamajoni ukuba amtshabalalise. A umyalelo yiSoviet ngexesha ezi kuphangwa edlulisele kuye elikwinqanaba uMajor General yaye wawongwa Order of Lenin.

I ezine eliphezulu Ixabiso amabhaso ngeenyanga ezintandathu

Ukususela kuNovemba, Jikelele Dovator wayalela 3 Calvary lweSizwe, nto leyo ngokoqobo iveki kamva similise okwaloo 2 Guards-Calvary Corps njengenxalenye 16 Army umthetho yi Rokossovsky, lowo Lev Mikhailovich ebotshiwe ukuhlonela ubomi Ijoni. Ibonisa imimangaliso somelele, Dovatora General nempi njengamaqhawe Panfilov, ukufa wema ezindongeni eyinkunzi. Kwalona onga yena isibindi lithemba le Cossack jikelele unobangela wokufa kwakhe. December 19 kule lali kummandla Palashkino, ngexesha xa zizibonakude LM Dovator wabona indawo utshaba, yena neqembu yakhe shot ukusuka umpu kumatshini. Ingqwayi kaHomer, ogama lakhe likhankanywe amaninzi kwezitrato, izakhiwo kunye neenqanawa, wafa eneminyaka engama-38.

Le ucula kunye uthuthu uTshawe, ngubani kokufa imbasa isihloko Hero eSoviet Union, sele kulithuba waba yokugcina okhethekileyo, yaye kuphela ngowe-1959, kunye amakhulu Ivan Panfilov pilot uViktor Talalikhina wangcwatyelwa Novodevichy emangcwabeni kwingcwaba eliqhelekileyo apho wamiselwa intlawulo ngo 1966 le isikhumbuzo amaqhawe Wabunikela ubomi babo ngenxa lokhokho kunye eMoscow.