Vladimir Monomakh. nkqubo Foreign kunye kwayo

Kuba Russia ekupheleni XI kunye nekota yokuqala kwenkulungwane XII, ukuvela umlawuli onjalo, uVladimir Monomakh, waba lusindiso ngeendlela ezininzi: inkcubeko, ezopolitiko angaphandle kunye zasekhaya, uncwadi. Ngokutsho neenkcazelo kwamangqina, waba laseburhulumenteni olumkileyo nje kuphela, kodwa kananjalo kakhulu umntu onobubele, nangona uninzi izenzo zakhe baphathwa ngokwahlukileyo. Vladimir Monomakh, umgaqo langaphandle eyahluke iindlela ngokwaneleyo ngqwabalala, kunyanzeleke ukuba bahloniphe emazweni ngokumanyeneyo Russian onke namazwe angabamelwane. Ngenxa yoko, uphawu efana ububele, isicelo kuphela kubantu belali, owathi yena, ilawulwe ngokupheleleyo ukuthanda yenkulu Kiev.

Indlela ende eya amandla

Umzukulwana odumileyo Yaroslava Mudrogo, unyana ayithanda Vsevolod kunye (yezizathu) intombi baseByzantium uConstantine Monomakh, awayekhuphe kuye ilifa isiteketiso, Vladimir II kungekudala waqalisa lokuhlolisisa nezo karhulumente. In Pereyaslavl-South ngqwayi, waza waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe ngokulawula yena nguyise wakhe. Kule sikhundla, uye ubunzima ukoyiswa eziliqela edabini. Oku wamnika amava ngakumbi emfazwe thethwano kunye notshaba. Ebudeni bolawulo ESmolensk kunye Chernigov ilizwe ukuba ofumana igunya inani labemi yaye yakha squad ukuba icwangciswe kakuhle kwaye nabakwaziyo.

Kakade kweli nqanaba kunokuthi kubonwe ukuzinikela kwicandelo feudal kunye iimfuno onke amazwe Russian, nto leyo eya kuqhubeka nokuphumeza elizayo Kiev Prince Vladimir Monomakh. angaphandle ukuba ingcinezelo nzima nokungena kwi bezizwe ez ibaphetheyo yazo zombini abasemathanga kunye namazwe anempembelelo, enje njengokuba uBukhosi baseByzantium. Emva kokufa kukayise, obelawula eKiev, athi amandla ndlela, kodwa wenza isigqibo bubulumko ukulandela umyalelo yolandelelwano, okudalwe Yaroslav Izazi, kwaye hayi ukuba bazitshisekisayo ubudlelwane sele nzima phakathi abathetheli-abazalwana. Ngokutsho umgaqo wokuba ngubani omkhulu komhlaba Kiev laphelelwa nokulawula Svyatopolk kunye Vladimir waye ebukumkanini Pereyaslavl. Ngelo xesha, yena luxhaswe umzala. Isiko yaqala iindibano ukulawula abathetheli Russian, ukuxoxa iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwaye thaca inyathelo elidityanelweyo kwi ukuziphendulela karhulumente ukususela kuphangwa Polovtsy.

Lwangaphandle kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo yangaphakathi ebudeni bolawulo Vladimira Monomaha

Ukususela ngo 1113, emva kokufa Svyatopolk, Vladimir Monomakh enabizelwa kulo ilizwe of Kiev, kodwa yaphukile umgaqo wokuba ngubani omkhulu, emva umthetheli kufuneka ibe Oleg. Kwixesha elizayo, le imeko nzima kakhulu ubudlelwane phakathi usapho kwaye kungakhokelela emfazweni. wobukumkani eyandulela wakhe kwakhokelela ukunganeliseki abaninzi, ingakumbi phakathi kwabahluphekileyo. Kwavela ngale iziphithiphithi kwakhula ube isifo, nto leyo ngokukhawuleza ofihla entsha Kiev Prince Vladimir Monomakh.

nkqubo Vladimir Monomakh ingalandwa kakhulu ngokucacileyo. Le manyano emazweni onke ezahlukeneyo Slavic phantsi umbusi othile. Ubulawuli aqhutywa nabazalwana bakhe noonyana, kufuneka athobele ngokucacileyo eKiev endle zoqoqosho nezopolitiko. Ubunye kumazwe Russian kukhokelele ekwandeni kakhulu amandla omkhosi karhulumente kunye nokusekwa kwayo amandla yaseYurophu, ezingenakulinganiswa ngoyaba ezinye iintlanga. nkqubo umlawuli Vladimir Monomakh ngaphakathi lizwe ngokuqinileyo nxamnye abathetheli, yena limited yaye isiqabu ukuba ukusebenza nabantu abaqhelekileyo amandla awo. "Charter" bakhe ijolise ekuxhaseni amagcisa, ngamakhoboka, umsebenzi wakhe ngaphandle kokuba uzinzo kwezoqoqosho kweli lizwe.

Kwelinye icala, umthetheli wenza ngokuqinileyo kunye edabini. Polovtsi ixesha elide bayazoyika igama abantwana babo (Vladimir Monomakh). Umgaqo-nkqubo angaphandle wobukumkani bakhe sichazwa nokugcina iimfazwe rhoqo anegazi ezijolise ekulondolozeni igunya kukarhulumente kunye nokhuselo kwemida yawo. Yena umzabalazo rhoqo kunye nabahlali emathafeni, iphumelele uloyiso ezininzi kwaye ntwanano zezivumelwano noxolo. Ukususela ngo 1116 behlasela Polovtsian iRussia wayeka ngokupheleleyo. nkqubo Foreign Vladimira Monomaha nxamnye Byzantium odale i umlinganiswa ndlongondlongo. Ukususela 1116 yokuba imfazwe namaGrike, ithumba izixeko eziliqela weDanube. Isiphumo kweli phulo uxolo kuso ngo 1123. Umzukulwana Monomakh uba umfazi soMhlekazi lamaByzantine. Ngelo xesha enye uphawu enxuseneyo isivumelwano soxolo, yaye wenza imitshato dynastic kunye nabalawuli kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu (Hungary, Poland, eSweden, Denmark, Norway).

nakumasiko

Ngexesha ukuyilwa naseRussia njengohlobo bengatshatanga, umgangatho ophantsi ngokufanelekileyo zokuphila. Enyanisweni, amazwe omiweyo yi izizwe Slavic kuqhubeka khona eluntwini lokuqala. Inqanaba inkcubeko kumazwe aphakathi aseYurophu ngelo xesha ephezulu kakhulu, kodwa Vladimir Monomakh, umgaqo angaphandle leyo ithetha ukumanywa Europe, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu bazisa lizwe neqonga entsha yophuhliso, ngelo xesha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ungubani amaxabiso Slavic ezikhoyo namhlanje. wobukumkani bakhe yabalasela ulwakhiwo iicawa ezininzi neetempile, uphuhliso lokubhala kunye noncwadi, ukwakha izakhiwo.

Ukubaluleka zembali

Ngowe-1125, Vladimir Monomakh wafa. Akubangakho namnye ke wabaphathi zangaphambili kunye ezilandelayo abazange bafumane loo ndumiso kwi yemihla kunye iintsomi. Aziwa ngokuba wayeyinkokeli yasemkhosini olumkileyo nenkosana nje, abanetalente kwaye unempumelelo, efundile, umntu onengqondo nobubele. imizamo yakhe yokuhlanganisa kumazwe Russian kunye nokupheliswa iimfazwe zamakhaya sisiseko ukuyilwa kwento siqinile kwaye enobunye leyo wabonakala kuqala kumgangatho ngamazwe njenge iqabane ethembekileyo kunye utshaba ukuloyisa.