War Falklands: imbali kwembambano kunye neziphumo zawo

Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha ungquzulwano elandelayo kwinkulungwane XX, kwaye malunga Falklands War. Le yaliwa phakathi Argentina kunye Great Britain ngowe-1982 Obu ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu. Kutheni le nto yaye yintoni eyabangela ukuba la mazwe ukuba aqhube nabanye yokulwa nganye? Funda ngakumbi.

prehistory

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVII Falkland Islands, i Nqabakazi esafunyanwa yi omkhulu zaseYurophu, kodwa ngenxa yokuba indawo ekufutshane Argentina, eli lizwe bekusoloko ingqalelo kuzo inxalenye nommandla wayo. Nqabakazi ezibandakanya ezimbini ezinkulu kunye iziqithi abangaphezu kwamakhulu asixhenxe ezincinane uvalwe, kwakungekho kwabantu bomthonyama, kwaye kule minyaka ngokuphindaphindiweyo udlule ukusuka kwesinye isandla. Xa IsiNgesi yokuhlala ngenkulungwane XVIII, kodwa ke ngelo xesha eyasekwayo apha yaseMelika yoTshintshiselwano ngoLwazi , iBritani kwanyanzeleka ukuba ashiye ilizwe. Ngowe-1820, le abahlala Argentina bafika e Falkland Islands. Britain Great olawule iziqithi-1833, xa bengqina amalungelo abo kule mimandla.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XX, Argentina uthathe amanyathelo oonozakuzaku ukuphelisa imo lobukoloniyali Falkland Islands. Eli lizwe ibango kule mimandla yaye ndinqwenela ukuba wandise ulongamo yayo kubo. Umba ongagungqiyo kwakujongwa kwiintlanganiso eZizwe eziManyeneyo, kodwa isekho. War Falklands ngo-1982 nje kwenzeka ngenxa yale impikiswano ingasonjululwanga.

Ngubani ekufuneka ilungu siqithi?

Le meko mandundu ekuqaleni 1982, xa intloko uhulumeni emkhosini ngowe-1979, wangumlawuli eArgentina, bagqiba ekubeni ahlasele Falkland Islands. Imfazwe yaqala ngexesha xa Argentina wayesiya ngenxa yeyona nto ilungileyo amaxesha. Kule nkalo, le nkqubo yomkhosi Jikelele Leopoldo Galtieri wazama ukuba ilifa iziqithi ukuze bakwazi ingqalelo abantu ukususela iingxaki angaphakathi lizwe, ngokunjalo ukomeleza wokuzingca ngelizwe lethu nangomanyano abantu nxamnye notshaba eqhelekileyo, kule meko UK.

Lokufakwa kwiziqithi yi Argentina

Ukususela ngoAprili 2, imikhosi Argentina wamajoni lawela Falkland Islands, ngokwenjenjalo kukhululwa imbambano ezayo. Lokufakwa ziqithi, ekhusela malunga asibhozo afohlela British wamisa e Port Stanley, kungekho gazi. I-British wanikezela kunye Falklands wamisela urhulumente omtsha, likhokelwa Argentina General Menendosom. Kulo mba, yaye wayelapho imfazwe Falklands, oonobangela apho kulala yokuba omabini amaqela ukuba impi zamabango ntsimi.

Ngosuku olulandelayo, emva kokuba ukugaleleka kweeyunithi Argentina kwi Falkland Islands kwiBhunga lezoKhuseleko UN ithabathe isigqibo esithi phezu amaqela ungquzulwano yesisombululo ngoxolo. Ulinganiso lweenkcukacha Ndohlukana kunye Argentina zonke iintlobo unxulumano lobuchule kule ngingqi wayikhupha imikhosi, umsebenzi yayejolise kwakhona ulawulo lwe Falkland Islands. Argentina, nayo, iye efakwe amajoni ngakumbi isaziso nokugaywa ancedisayo. Amazwe ziye ukwayo phezu kwezinye. Imfazwe Falklands lixubayele.

ingapheli ingxabano

Ulinganiso lweenkcukacha wahlela iqela injongo ekhethekileyo, wafumana umsebenzi ukubuyela siqithi. April 25 amajoni aseBritani awayihlangula ifike ivela iinqanawa, wayexakekile kwisiqithi South Georgia, ibekwe km ngaphantsi kwama 1,300 ukuya ngasempuma Falklands. Ngosuku olulandelayo, uSosiba-Jikelele wanqula United Kingdom ndibuphelise ukuziphatha neemeko, kodwa lizwe bazitshitshisela ingcebiso. War Falklands iye yaqhubeka iphakame phezulu, wabopha engontsini ungquzulwano kummandla imikhosi ezongezelelweyo.

April 30 United Kingdom lasungula iziqithi kwafa epheleleyo yi nkwili kunye moya. Ulinganiso lweenkcukacha wayezimisele imfazwe enobubanzi iikhilomitha ezingama-200, nto leyo akezi kucetyiswa neempahla zokunxiba kwakunye moya. Ngokutsho Argentine ngeemela, ebangela umonakalo eqaphelekayo owenzeke moya, izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya kunye nezinye iziseko.

Le enye ikhosi yemfazwe. ngokoyiswa Argentina kaThixo

Meyi 2 Britain ke zitshone yi Cruiser Argentina Jikelele Belgrano, nto leyo ebangela ukufa kwamalungu enqanaweni 323. Uluntu jikelele wanoburhalarhume kakhulu esi senzo, ngakumbi kwixesha xa inkwili British torpedoed le Cruiser, yena yasekwa ngaphandle ngokwalo njengoko UK iikhilomitha 200-mgama. Argentina Navy wabizwa ukuba neziseko zazo yaye engasekho inxaxheba ungquzulwano.

Kwixesha elizayo, ikhondo iphambili Falklands Imfazwe iye usiwe elibala. Juni 12 iBritani lwenziwe yahlasela Port Stanley, leyo ijolise imikhosi yayo ephambili Argentina. Imfazwe Falkland yagqitywa. Lo msebenzi ababandakanyekayo amaNgesi afohlela kunye paratroopers, njengoko bombardment enamandla yesixeko kuthwalelwa phandle, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ezafa.

Emva Stanley ekugqibeleni singqongwe imikhosi British phakathi kwamaqela ungquzulwano utyikitye isivumelwano kwi sokuyeka umlilo. Ngoko ke, June 14 amajoni Argentina wanikezela kwaye amaBritane ahlala umzi. Kule mpi wayephethe, Falkland Islands emva ngaphantsi kolawulo lwamaNgesi.

Imiphumela kunye neziphumo

Ngenxa yoko le Falklands imfazwe, iBritani waphulukana amadoda 258 babulawa, 700 owenzakeleyo. Abano wababulala abantu 649, ngaphezu kwama 1,000 balimala, kwaye ngaphezu kwama-11 amawaka. Ukuthinjwa.

I Falklands War of 1982, apho Argentina ubunzima ehlazisayo kwixesha elizayo yaba unobangela ngokubhukuqwa uhulumeni wamajoni, Leopoldo Galtieri. Kodwa UK, le mfazwe ezincinane noloyiso bangenelwa ngokuvusa abemi yesizwe 'intembano kurhulumente kuvumela ilizwe ukuba sokumisa indawo yawo noluntu lwehlabathi.

Imeko yangoku

Argentina kunye nolwalamano UK mandundu ngo-2010, emva kokuba yokugqibela sele uqalile imveliso ioli phezu lokugcinwa kwezinto Falkland Islands. Ukongeza, eNgilani ubunikele ziqithi imikhosi ongezelelweyo alandelayo nanxulumene apho Argentina iye yagxekwa oko, esola kwemikhosi lommandla. Imfazwe Falklands kunye impikiswano ingasonjululwanga nangoku unobangela kube phakathi kwamazwe amabini.

Ngo-2013, i-Falkland Islands,-zimvo eyayibanjelwe, apho lo mbuzo yanyuswa yesimo sabo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ama-98% abaphenduli kuphela ukuvotela siqithi ukuba ahlale a namaThanga aPhesheya KweeLwandle Territory. Nangona kunjalo, abemi kwiziqithi malunga 3 amawaka. Abantu, abaninzi kubo imvelaphi yaseBritani. Argentina, nayo, yathi kwakungayi ingqalelo iziphumo zimvo, njengoko kuthwalelwa phandle ngaphandle kwemvume UN. Ngoko ke, eli lizwe, nakule namhla gqolo ukubeka ibango kule mimandla, kuquka ezabo.

Ngelishwa, nkqu nakwihlabathi lanamhlanje kukho mfazwe, njengoko Falklands War. Nje ezininzi kubo kancinane siyazi. Hi ndlela leyi, eArgentina, Falkland Islands ibizwa Malvinas.