Well bunokulolongeka: inkcazelo, udidi lwecebo kunye neempawu

Inkqubo yogutyulo kukho ezininzi izinto, leyo eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza evumelanayo yothungelwano. Well ubonwa lisebenza njengomnye izakhiwo ezinkulu, apho kwenziwa ziingcali kunye nomjelo yokusebenza zokucoca. Oku kubonisa ukuba ezi amacandelo kwinkqubo isembindini kwelindle lwangaphandle.

The main iintlobo

Ngokuxhomekeke kuyo, uyakwazi ukubona ezinye iintlobo yemingxuma, kuquka: yomgama, rotary, isitshixo, ulawulo, ahlambe, Perepadnaya, kwakunye nobukhulu ezizodwa kunye nentamo eyandisiweyo. Linear kufuneka ibekwe kumacandelo ngqo iinkqubo amdaka kunye isandi elandelwayo exhomekeke kule umbhobho. Bokushicilela kubakho ngaloo iindawo apho le nkqubo lutshintsha indlela migca, umzekelo xa cornering. Olu uhlobo yohlukile amaqula ezichazwe ngentla-zokuhlola yetreyi, nto imelwe ngokohlobo egopheni izwakale oyi ubuncinane esime. Kufuneka ulingana kathathu umbhobho. Ekumiseleni engile ujikeleziso neengcali kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba kufuneka kube ° ngaphezulu kwama-90. imithombo Ephawula Nodal ibekwe kwezo ndawo apho iyunithi enye elidityaniswe imigca ezininzi le nkqubo. Zinelungelo indibano kugutyulelwe esithungelanayo ubuninzi yemibhobho ezintathu lobonelelo kunye ukubuya. Xa kuziwa amadama amakhulu, amaqula ezingundoqo kuzo zibizwa ngokuba eziqhagamshelayo gumbi.

Inkcazelo kwezinye iintlobo yemingxuma

imithombo Uvavanyo zisendaweni iingongoma wombane kweyadi, okanye umsebenzi womnatha isityalo intracanal enye into esitratweni. Bona ibekwe ngaphandle komda wesakhiwo ukusuka yezindlu. amaqula ezinjalo ziyafuneka ukulawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo ukudibanisa izinto. Imimandla ukuqala zicwangciswe ahlambe amaqula apho kukho amathuba ye kwezulu ngenxa sesiqhelo amancinci. Perepadnaya amaqula kufuneka zibekwe kwiindawo apho umbhobho feed ezahlukeneyo ephuma kumbhobho uphawu itreyi. amaqula ezizodwa mihle ngakumbi ngobukhulu amaqanda nentamo. Sokuqokelela ngoko kufuneka ububanzi of 600 mm kunye umgama phakathi amaqula yi-50 m okanye ngaphezulu.

iimpawu emiseleni

Well mkhanya isekelwe phezu itreyi, evala, intamo kunye egumbini ukusebenza. Uyilo zingenziwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo: ilitye eluthulini, iibhloko eziphathekayo okanye izitena. Kulo mzobo, iziqalelo ze data kuboniswe polygonal, ngeenxa okanye uxande. Isiseko ubunjwe ngesixwexwe ufakelo lwesamente ukuze sibekwe emandlalweni luhlalu. Inxalenye engundoqo uzobe olwenziwe izenzo yetreyi lwenziwa ngo-behleli-brand eziphathekayo M200. Lisebenzisa formwork, nto leyo izele ngodaka nesamente kunye unyanzeliso lwesamente.

Iqula uba conduit ukubukela, bekuza ibe inxalenye itreyi kulo ihamba amdaka. Xa kuziwa yomgama ezahlukeneyo equleni, kuba yingxenye ngqo Itreyi, umzantsi - nkqo. kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-parameter leyo kugqiba ubukhulu yombhobho enkulu yetreyi ukuphakama. Kumacala omabini yetreyi kufuneka ezishelifini ukuba kufuneka lutyekele kakhulu kuye. Ezi komele ziya kuba njengeendawo ukuba abasebenzi umkhosi ngexesha umsebenzi yesondlo.

Iimpawu ze iinkalo eziphambili kakuhle

Ukuba unomdla eli cebo umgodi, ngoko ufanele wazi ukuba egumbini zayo zokusebenza lunobude ka-1800 mm. Emva koko, njengoko ubukhulu ziya kumiselwa liSebe eli umbhobho. Ukuba ukhetho yokugqibela yi 600 mm, netoti lwegumbi processing kufuneka alingane 1000 mm. Intamo ineenkalo umlinganiselo ukuba ilingana no-700 mm. Ukuba ubukhulu inqawe 600 mm, intamo kufuneka ibekwe ukuze akwazi zibekwe isixhobo ngokuhlanjululwa. Kuba yandisa egumbini ukusebenza kunye nentamo baxhotyiswa izibiyeli yaye ekhwele ngezinyuko.

imigangatho State for izivingco

Simple engumshumayeli oko kusenokubonakala ngathi ukuba ukukhuhla ayikho njengento ebalulekileyo umgodi. Kodwa akunjalo. The basic izinto lokuvelisa eli candelo izenzo yentsimbi. Izivingco ihagu-intsimbi yemingxuma zakhiwa ngokungqinelana GOST 3634-61. Le element sakhiwa umzimba enesiciko for obandayo entanyeni, kwaye ubukhulu ngabaya kufuneka ilingane 700 mm. Ekungeneni for enkalweni ububanzi of 620 mm. Ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuba ukubeka umgodi indlela, ubunzima bayo iya kulingana 134 kg, ngoxa emiphungeni zibekwe phezu kombekelelo wamatye, kunye nobunzima babo 80 kg.

Izivingco yemingxuma, GOST esenziwe ethe ikhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, kwaye ingaqhutywa ngezinto polymeric, le yokugqibela zahluke ndandifeketha na, amandla, iyahlala nokhuseleko nokusingqongileyo. Xa usebenzisa izinto Polymer ukuya izithako ngexesha nokuveliswa fillers wongezelela, nokwenza inkqubo ri engenakwenzeka. Ngoko ke, ezi mveliso aningabo lenzala reclaimers irisayikilishwe.

kanye idivayisi

Ukuze le nkqubo isebenze kakuhle, kufuneka asetyenziswe iindwendwe, yemingxuma eyenziwa imiGangatho 8020-90. Xa lokuqala ezayame, leyo zibandakanya imfuno trenching kuqaliswe. Phambi ziingcali ukuphumeza umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngohlobo kummandla yokumakisha, ukudilizwa amatyholo kwaye khupha iyunithi kwindawo yokwakha. Emva kokuba nomsele ilungele, ezantsi wayo zalungisa, engile udonga kwithambeka zingqinisisiwe kunye neprojekthi nomgangatho ingxinano. Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni usebenzise isakhiwo ilitye, ezantsi emhadini kuxhobise amanzi umaleko, Ebubanzini ekufuneka zibe-20 cm. Zingangenwa kunokufikelelwa kusetyenziswa zemastic bituminous.

Ukudala ikhonkrithi okanye luqiniswe concrete emhadini isiseko kufuneka bakulungele ukwenza iphedi eziphathekayo, ububanzi nevuthisayo kufuneka-10 cm. Ungasebenzisa Iizilebhu esele zenziwe eziphathekayo.

Indlela yomsebenzi

Iingcali ukwenza imilo zinqwenelekayo isixhobo yetreyi kwi ezinokwakheka kugunyaziso ngohlobo wezifundo. Iziphelo kwimibhobho mawavalelwe ngetha okanye izinto eziphathekayo. Umphezulu engaphakathi emakhonkcweni siyenziwa ngetha. Xa emazantsi pick up amandla, ungakwazi ukufaka amakhonkco nemàbhula floor. Kulandelwe wazisula kumalungu ngodaka nesamente, uyitywine itha kwakuso. Kwiindawo apho umbhobho uya kungena inkqubo, kufuneka wenze woxande olude udongwe-30 cm, ukuphakama mkhulu kwe-60 cm xa kuthelekiswa ubukhulu yombhobho.

umsebenzi final

Iimvavanyo kufuneka kwenziwe ngexesha lasemini, lo mthombo izele ngamanzi ukuya ukuya kwikona ephezulu, kwaye kumbhobho efakiweyo kwiplagi. Le isiphakamiso kusebenza kuphela kwizingxobo itywiniwe. Ngaphandle eludongeni backfilled kunye nomhlaba ukuba ubunjwe kakuhle. Entanyeni wenziwe ngekhonkrithi indawo eyimfama, ububanzi leyo 1.5 m. Le amalungu ezishiyekileyo kufuneka bodwa kusetyenziswa ngetha.

isiphelo

Ukuba ufuna inkqubo yogutyulo isebenza kakuhle, kufuneka usebenzise i Standard. Izivingco ihagu-intsimbi yemingxuma, umzekelo, zenziwe kwimigangatho karhulumente, eziye okhankanywe kwinqaku ngasentla.