Yintoni ekufuneka ibe ubukhulu Mantoux? ubungakanani Ingubo: nanjengokwesimo kwaye ukutenxa

Kwidabi lokulwa amaphulo ugonyo abaninzi, ezininzi ngaxeshanye kunye nenkunkuma evela Mantoux. Kodwa le nto incinane emnweni yakwenza ugonyo ayinayo. Ngale ndlela, oogqirha nje khangela amajoni omzimba indlela enza ngayo tuberculin. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka ukuphuhlisa inkqubo encinane arhabaxa. Ukuze siqonde indlela kumzimba, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba yintoni ubungakanani ingubo. UNorma umiselwe ngokuxhomekeke yobudala yomntwana kunye nexesha ulawulo BCG ugonyo.

Kubani yaye nini Mantoux

Ngokusisiseko, le ndlela lijonga impilo yabantwana. Emva kwimihla ekuqaleni kobomi usana ukuba zigonywe - BCG, oko unoxanduva lokuqulunqa sifo anti-TB. Ukuba ixesha lolawulo lokugonya abazange badlwengulwe, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, lokuqala uvavanyo Mantoux kwenziwa kunyaka omnye.

Ukuba usana khange zagonywa esibhedlele okanye ngenyanga yokuqala yobomi, ukuba enze i-BCG tuberculin uvavanyo ukuze alawule ngaphandle esi sifo. Abaninzi bayazibuza kufuneka ukuba ubukhulu Mantoux umntwana ngaphandle le ugonyo. Ukuba ngumsebenzi usana ayikho uphawu sephepha, impendulo akukho, yaye akuyi kubakho ukuba. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyo inaliti xa usana esempilweni kwaye eziinzi ayakhekanga ububomvu okanye ngetywina.

iqela ubungozi

Abazali abaninzi abavumi tuberculin iimvavanyo, ethethelela isikhundla salo ukuba akukho izigulane kokubangqongileyo. Kodwa abaninzi nokubona ukuba bosulelekile ngokulula kakhulu. Ukuba ngaba umntwana ukutyelela iindawo zoluntu, ingaba abancinane, iiklabhu zemfundo, izikolo, zemiboniso kunye nemiboniso, yiya kutyelela kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi, apho zokuhamba kunye nabanye abantu, ngoko ke ukubeka umntwana wakho engozini.

Ukuba ekuhlaleni, uzibeka esichengeni yokuhlangana kunye nezigulane sephepha, owathi, mhlawumbi, akazi ngesigulo sakhe. Qaphela: emiphungeni nayiphi na omdala mycobacteria kwesi sifo. Xa amajoni omzimba akwazi ukubamba kwabo umva, akukho ngxaki. Kodwa kamsinya nje izinto ukunisa, esi sifo uqala ukuphuhlisa. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuba ixesha ukuvavanya isifo sephepha wazi ukuba yintoni na ubungakanani ingubo.

reactions nokubandakanywa

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba uvavanyo tuberculin yeziphumo buqikelelwa iiyure asixhenxe anesibini emva ngenaliti. Kwisiza wolawulo ngosuku lwesibini, ebizwa ngokuba yi-amaqhosha, okanye nokungena. Imbonakalo le equmbile iqhakuva umbala obomvu encinane. Ukuba ucinezela ukuba kucace, ngoko siya kubona oko kuya kuba luthuthu ngayo. Yiyo le site eqinileyo yaye kufuneka kuphandwe, kuba ibonisa ubungakanani ingubo. Udidi indlela abasabela ngayo kuxhomekeke xa umntwana wasiwa BCG.

Abaninzi abazi, kutheni iinaliti tuberculin. Esi sifundo kukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho kumzimba lo Goch lesifo. Kwakhona ukubonisa ukusebenza ngexesha usulelo kwaye uqinisekise lokufunyaniswa "lwesifo sephepha". Ukongezelela, oko kusetyenziselwa ukuqaphela abantwana ngokupheleleyo akukho omzimba ukuya sifo.

imithetho emiselweyo

Kwilizwe lethu kulisiko ukwenza BCG isekhona esibhedlele, kwaye inaliti yokuqala tuberculin - ngonyaka. Ngaphambili, yenza akukho ingqiqo ku tirhisa, kuba umphumo igqwethekile. Ukuze ubone ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki, kufuneka bana phandle kufuneka ibe yintoni ubungakanani ingubo. Isampulu ithathwa ezimbi xa kubonwa emva kweeyure ezingama-72 kuyo inaliti kuphela, yaye akukho nokungena kwaphela. Xa papule 2-4 mm ubukhulu okanye nayiphi na bomvu japan ubukhulu uthathwa ezingaqondakaliyo. Ukuba nokungena na iintlobo 5-17 mm, loo nto ithathwa impendulo eyakhayo. Kulo mzekelo, yahlulelwe yi-avareji - ezintlanu-anesithoba, kanzima - abalishumi-elinesine, waza wawisa - elingaphaya ngemilimitha elinesihlanu.

Ukuba zobukhulu Mantoux ebantwaneni ngaphezu kwe-17 mm okanye, kwindawo isitofu kuvela bubbles, indawo necrotic okanye banda iindawo nkovu, ibizwa ngokuba indlela hyperergic, abadala, lo umda yi-21 mm.

Ngokwemigaqo emiselweyo ngesiphumo

Ukuqonda okwaneleyo le meko, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba uvavanyo ezimbi kuphela xa kungekho sifo ukuba isifo sephepha. Ukuba umntwana kunye BCG, kwaye zasabela tuberculin na, ke, eli yeza alusebenzi, kungakuhle ukwenza somelezi. Ukuba umntwana ixesha lokuqala Mantoux test, ubukhulu bayo kuba nkulu kakhulu. Ukuba akukho kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama emibini emva kogonyo, kufuneka ilunge - oku bubungqina yendlela eyaneleyo BCG. Qaphela ukuba kulo mzekelo usana kufuneka abe kukuqulungana kwindawo wolawulo lwe lokugonya. Ukuba akunjalo, yaye Mantoux HIV, libonisa ukungenwa eziphilayo.

kweminyaka emibini emva kokuba ubungakanani ugonyo infiltrate kufuneka incitshiswe. Njengomgaqo, iyalahleka ngokupheleleyo iminyaka esixhenxe. Kanye ngeli xesha lokwenza phindwa BCG kogonyo, oko zokunceda, bewubhinqisa amajoni omzimba. Ukunciphisa ubungakanani "amaqhosha" kubonisa ukuba, mhlawumbi, usulelo yenzekile.

iimvavanyo Mani

Xa ukufumana phandle kufuneka ibe yintoni ubungakanani yokwaleka, kubalulekile nje ukuba show uhlelo, kodwa njani le index yahluka ukusuka komnye unyaka ukuya komnye. Ngoko ke, uvavanyo superelevation isikhumba tuberculin ekuthiwa meko zilandelayo:

- ukubonakala wokuqala Mantoux entle phantsi komqathango wokuba iziphumo zangaphambili ngaphantsi kwe-5 mm;

- umahluko ubungakanani phakathi iisampulu ezimbini eyenziwe kwiminyaka ezingabamelwane, ngaphezu kwama-6 mm;

- papule ngaphezu kwe-12 mm, nangona emva BCG ugonyo sele kudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwama-4;

- nokungena bepali kune-17 mm.

imithetho yokuziphatha

Umphumo afunyenwe emva kweeyure 72 lwaba nentsingiselo, kubalulekile ukulandela iimeko ezithile. Kuphela kulo mzekelo, ulwazi malunga kufuneka ibe yintoni ubungakanani ingubo enkulu iza kuba luncedo. Ngokomzekelo, abaninzi khumbula ndisengumntwana ukuba isitofu awukwazi desensitised. Kodwa Okwangoku abasebenzi bezonyango wathi akukho nto iphosakeleyo qha ngamanzi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ungazithambisi okanye inxalenye inaliti, ukuba unamathele udaka wakhe, kuyo nayiphi na imeko ukuba ukunyhibhela peroxide, iodine okanye oluhlaza ezikrelekrele. Ukuba liba manzi, wose ngengubo ethambileyo.

Izimo

Kukho inani iimeko apho ukwenza uvavanyo tuberculin bekungalunganga. Ezi ziquka oku kulandelayo:

- exacerbation of negazi;

- izifo ezosulelayo;

- izifo ezingapheliyo kwixesha nokoyika kwazo (kwezi meko, zama ukwenza inyanga enye emva kuxolelwe);

- Iingxaki Skin kwindawo apho uceba ukuba bafake;

- sokuwa;

- yedwa na izifo ezosulelayo ebuntwaneni.

Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umntwana wakho uye allergies okanye uyagula, akukho sizathu ukuvavanya ubungakanani ingubo. Isiphumo eqhelekileyo ukuba umntwana onempilo kuphela.

neengxaki

Kakade ke, abazali abaninzi ochaphazelekayo malunga ukutyhilwa iziphumo zovavanyo tuberculin, angawabeki ngamanye amaxesha kunye nemiba enxulumene. Maxa wambi kukho imfuneko inaliti ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngoko, kwenzeka kwimeko lokugula, izinto ezo ezenzeka emva kokuba ukuqaliswa tuberculin. Ukuba mzuzu liphosiwe, ngoko ke kwakhona trial-yaqhutyelwa ngonyaka, kodwa ukuba kuyimfuneko, eli lokuphumla ukuze lincitshiswe ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu.

Enye ingxaki ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela imithetho zolawulo ichiza. Kwenza akukho mqondo ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni ubukhulu kufuneka Mantoux ukuba tuberculin intradermally akafakanga, nokuba nzulu. A uphawu kulawulo ngokungafanelekanga ligazi, wabonakala kuyo inaliti.