Yintoni i "South Stream '? Iprojekthi "South Stream '

Man olukhoyo ngolwazi flow rhoqo. Ayizizo zonke isihloko uzama uku bana phandle ngokunokwabo. Abanye awunamdla, ngoxa abanye - nzima kakhulu. Noko ke, abaninzi bazama ukugcina benolwazi iindaba kwezoqoqosho. Ngapha koko, imo impumelelo kulo mmandla ixhomekeke kumgangatho wokuphila wonke. Wonke isetyenziselwa iminyaka emininzi elithi "South Stream". Yena zigxile ebomini bethu. Kwaye yintoni ke "South Stream '? Yintoni na kubaluleke kangaka kwilizwe lethu? Kodwa nantsi eyona nyaniso.

ubudlelwane Urhwebo ne West

siya Dzhennifer Psaki, nto leyo ngokukodwa ukuqonda apho ukungena nokuphuma igesi khona. Ngoko ke, siyaqonda ukuba iYurophu Russia nabo azikho ukuthanda. Phakathi States i urhwebo kubethwa ngumoya. Xa ubuqili zayo ilenze kwaye ajike kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqonda, ukuze siqonde ukuba yintoni na "South Stream". Le nkqubo ukosuleleka yerhasi yendalo kubathengi eYurophu. Kubonakala ukuba iprojekthi inzuzo enkulu. Noko ke, ukuphunyezwa kwayo elinganeno umphelo. I-EU ibeka phambili iimfuno ezintsha Gazprom. Usenokuzibuza, ukuze - Akuyomfuneko le resource? Nantso ke apho fun iqala. Kakade ke, amashishini yaseYurophu kufuneka ukuba irhasi yendalo. Lo mthombo wamandla ithathwa friendly kakhulu nokusingqongileyo. Ukongeza, igesi ke izinto ekrwada ukuba ezinye izityalo. Kwaye ke zokufudumeza eqhelekileyo kunye nayo iqashiso enganeno. Ngoko ke yintoni ingxaki? Yintoni i "South Stream 'ukuze baseYurophu? Kutheni kunzima kangaka ukuba sixhathise ukuphunyezwa projekthi ebomini?

kurhwebo lwehlabathi

Ukuze siqonde obstinacy of Europe, kubalulekile ukujonga ehlabathini lonke. Ngapha koko, kwezomnotho namhlanje nje ekuhlaleni. Zonke States unalo ithuba lokukhetha amaqabane zabo iimfuno zabo kunye nezibonelelo. I-EU lisebenza umgaqo othile. Lizwe ngomona babukela ukuze ningasweli lodwa. Oko kukuthi, kwimarike yengingqi yaseYurophu ngokuhlonela qaphela phezu imigaqo zobunene. Kufuneka kubekho ukhuphiswano, kunye ingongoma. iingxaki oyile Masithi kule ingqiqo asivelanga. Inikezela ngelona ezahlukeneyo yelizwe-getters. Ukongeza, i "igolide black" uyakwazi kuthuthwa ngeenqanawa. Oko ke kuye iilwandle hayi njengomqobo. Le meko yahlukile kunye igesi yendalo. Kukho ubugcisa evumela ukuba liquefy igesi yendalo. Kodwa, kuqala, kuyabiza. Okwesibini, kufuneka ukuba ukwakha ishishini okhethekileyo, ukuvumela ukuba iqalise le nkqubo umva. I-pipe ayibizi kakhulu.

imbali icala

Noko ke akukho kucacile ukuba i "South Stream". Isibakala sokuba Europe awayifumana iminyaka emininzi igesi Russian. Umgca wokuqala yakhiwa ngamaxesha Soviet. Wahamba phakathi kummandla Ukraine ngoku ezizimeleyo. Kanti akukho ngxaki lezopolitiko yayingekabikho. Sikhetha indlela engcono. Wonke lo intsebenziswano kuyingenelo. IYurophu wakha imizi-mveliso kunye nezinye amashishini, eSoviet Union wafumana imali eyimfuneko ukuze kuthengwe zobugcisa. Noko ke, kwakukho ekuweni Union. Kwafuneka ukuba ukwakha ubuhlobo omtsha nje kuphela eYurophu kodwa phakathi republic kanye emaqandeni. Kwelinye icala, isivumelwano eso. Ukraine uye ezweni transit. Kuba ukusetyenziswa nommandla wayo, iye lifumene imali eninzi kunye amaxabiso negesi yendalo. Kodwa ke wangenelela kwinkqubo ezopolitiko emikhulu ...

sendleleni ayini

Iziganeko e Ukraine asakhulayo spurts. Ngo-2004, intsimbi wakhalisa isilumkiso yokuqala malunga ingxaki ka Gazprom yohambo gas nje emdeni ummelwane. Lowo olulandelayo ngo-2009. Ukraine Ndandingcangcazela ngengqiqo kwezopolitiko. Abasemagunyeni zitshintshile, yaye kunye nazo, nabo abo baphenjelelwa lothutho. Ukuba zixhomekeke sasikhe ummelwane, eRashiya ukwakha umbhobho udluliselwe nommandla wayo. Ngoku isebenza kakuhle. igama layo - "Nord Stream". Noko ke, le inqawe akwanelanga ukuhlangabezana neemfuno onke amazwe EU. Southern blue inxalenye yayo ibonelelwe amafutha nge kumbhobho Ukrainian. A isisu ummelwane ziye iimfuno ngqongqo. Le apho iprojekthi "South Stream 'iye yakhula. Oko kukuthi, lo ngomnye yemibhobho bypasses Ukraine.

kwiindlela igesi eYurophu

"South Stream" - wegesi ukuba ukunika irhasi ukuya kuthi ga ngeeBalkans, Austria Italy. Ekuqaleni wamemezela ngo-2007. Ukususela ngoko, kuye kwenziwa umsebenzi omninzi ezifunekayo. Ngena kwizivumelwano, liphuhlise zobugcisa amaxwebhu, izalathiso, njalo-njalo. Union European phantse nangoko waqalisa isantya projekthi yebhongo. Isibakala sokuba "South Stream" - wegesi, inxalenye leyo ukuba bawele kuLwandle Black. Inkqubo iikhilomitha ezingamakhulu asithoba ityhubhu babeza ifomu emazantsi. Iqala kwisikhululo isiguquli 'Russian ", umbhobho kwakumele ukuba aye kummandla Varna kunxweme kuLwandle Black Isi. Le mbono, ngoko, eYurophu naseRashiya zikhuselekile kumazwe zohambo, ezizezi, Ukraine ne Turkey. Noko ke, lo msebenzi zange umiselwe ukuba baqaphela.

Bulgaria - isizathu sokuba ukuvalwa projekthi

Umsebenzi ekwakhiweni "South Stream 'nto ezize. I-EU ifuna ukuba zonke izivumelwano ezintsha, wabeka iimeko undeclared ngaphambili. Omnye kubo i "yesiThathu Energy Package". umongo wayo kukuba umthengisi igesi ayikwazi ukuba zombini umnini kwinkqubo yezothutho. Oko kukuthi, kuvela ukuba amazwe umamkeli angathanda ukuba ngumnikazi umbhobho amafutha. Ngako oko Russia ayikwazanga bengavumelani, ukususela ukuthembeka "wasemzini" swa kwamathandabuzo. Okukhona ukuba Gazprom uza ukuphumeza ulwakhiwo mali yakhe. Kutheni kufuneka babelane iingeniso nabanye? "South Stream", isicwangciso leyo nangoku kuhambelana nabanye abasebenzisi isiphelo kwafuneka ukuqala umsebenzi ngo-2015. Kodwa ke kwaye kwacaca ukuba Bulgaria ayiniki imvume yokwakha endaweni yayo. Akukho izibongozo yokuba isiphumo. Urhulumente walile iingeniso ezinkulu transit (malunga $ 400 million), namkhanyela ukuvumelana ekunene.

"South Stream 'ivaliwe

NgoDisemba 2014, umongameli Russian kuhlawulwa utyelelo eTurkey. -Thethwano lwenziwa kumacala ahlukeneyo. Ingqwalasela kuquka imiba yokudlula gas. Ngeli xesha, iRashiya sele wakha ingxenye yako ityhubhu, inxalenye "South Stream". scheme ehambayo sele zihlaziyiwe. Okokuqala, eCrimea iye yaba yinxalenye Russian Federation. Ngoko ke, ithuba ukunciphisa iindleko zokwakha ngenxa kungekabekwa umbhobho nommandla wayo. Okwesibini, Bulgaria iye ngokusemthethweni isaziso ukwala projekthi. Oku ngoko nangoko basebenzisa Turkey. "South Stream" wagqiba ekubeni sisondele ngokupheleleyo. Kudliwano-ndlebe kwiziphumo ze-thethwano bathi V. Putin. Kananjalo wathetha malunga notshintsho kwizicwangciso. Ngexesha iintetho, kwagqitywa ekubeni iprojekthi "South Stream 'ukuba nezi kunxweme Turkish. Oku, ngengozi, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokwakha yayo, njengenxalenye ubude ulwandle cut.

"South Stream 'nge Turkey

Gazprom watyikitya isivumelwano esitsha kunye Botas Petroleum lwemibhobho Corporation Corporation. Phantsi kwenkqubo entsha, ukusuka 'Russian "umbhobho uya kubanjwa komile kwaye ziya kukhutshwa kunxweme Turkish. iinkcukacha zayo ayikatshintshi. Zamob nangoku inani elifanayo. Leyo 63 billion cubic metres yerhasi ngonyaka ngamnye. Inxalenye amafutha ukusebenzisa iinkampani Turkish. A kratya njengoko kwanziwe izicwangciso, uya kuthenga Europe. South Stream "nangoku ukufikelela nommandla wayo. Kodwa ngoku udluliselwe Bulgaria. Eli lizwe kungqineke ukuba i "lixhoba". Ngapha koko, ngoku yena akakwazi ukubona akukho igesi, akukho imali yohambo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba "uMzantsi Stream 'nge Turkey uyayisombulula ezininzi iingxaki. Asingabo bonke kulala kwinkalo yezoqoqosho, kodwa imali ngayo kwi amahlakani irhasi omtsha kufuneka zandiswe.

US kunye "South Stream '

Siye asichukunyiswa omnye umdlali lowo nempembelelo inkqubo thethwano ngoku yiprojekthi esivalekileyo. Kakade ke, esizithandayo States. Ngokwenene ufuna ukuba bavume onjalo amandla kwimarike enkulu yaseRashiya. EYurophu "South Stream" ibonwa njengengxaki solution intsilelo igesi kwemaliu. Yeyona "Nabucco" kwezinye iindlela. Xa eli phulo apho, ngoko ukuthetha, ephepheni. Phambi kokuziphumeza nokwenza kwayo, ukuba abazange bafike. Ngokufutshane, njengoko le mbono, eYurophu akwazi ukufumana irhasi Turkmen. Le zento wayeza kuba Turkey. "South Stream 'bakhuphisana ngengqiqo ne" Nabucco ". Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le projekthi wadalwa phantsi Protectorate eUnited States. Kuba iyimfuneko kakhulu ukungena kwimarike amandla yaseYurophu ukuze alungise zabo iingxaki zoqoqosho. Isigqibo European Commission, njengoko nisazi, ziye isuke ngqo ngu eWashington. Kwaye abazange bathobele amazwe EU akakwazi. Yiyo leyo imithetho kumaqumrhu supranational. Hi ndlela leyi, "South Stream 'nge Turkey akubikho mfuneko yakuthobela esi mthetho yaseYurophu. Kube lula kakhulu inxaxheba Gazprom.

umlambo Turkish

Hola sivune yokuhamba - hayi ilungu EU kukhokelela kukuba Brussels ulahlekelwa ubuchule ukuphembelela ubonelelo. Ngoku ilizwe kuya kufuneka ugqibe ngokwabo ukuba bafuna ukuya kwi "eMzantsi Stream". Iindaba oku kuza ezahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala, wonke umntu uyoyika, kunkqangazwa kusithiwa, Brussels, kwelinye - akukho igesi ayikwazi ukukwenza. Kodwa ke bureaucrats ye-European Union ziye uthethathethwano kunye US kwi intsebenziswano Intambo. Ukuba isivumelwano eso kusayinwe, Gazprom uya kusinda kule ndawo. EYurophu "South Stream" nto leyo "akanelisekanga" Kuya kunyanzeleka ukuthenga kwerhasi yendalo ngamaxabiso eqolo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba meko mandundu yi kwindawo yezopolitiko Turkey. Eli lizwe iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu elindele bamkelwe kwi European Union. Ngenxa yoko, uxinzelelo Erdogan ayisebenzi. Yena uya kubonelela irhasi yendalo kwi ngokwemimiselo yayo. Kunye nokoyikiswa kokwakhiwa "Nabucco" Ngoku aluchaphazeli inkqubo. Emva udluliselwe Turkey, akunakwenzeka ukwakha. Ngoko ke, kukho intembelo yokuba eli xesha akukho nto iya kuthintela ukuvulwa wegesi "South Stream". lubonakele Iindaba umsebenzi wokwakha kwi-ndaba ngo-2014. ngovuyo Turks neengxaki ngokunikela namahlakani awo zaseYurophu ukuze beme emgceni.