Yintoni na inqwelo: imvelaphi, esetyenziswa kumazwe yamandulo

Nqwelo - indlela yamandulo karate. Yintoni na le nqwelo, ukusebenzisa kwakhe nabemi bamandulo zala mazwe? Kule kunye nezinye izihloko kweli nqaku ngezantsi.

Ukusungulwa kweenqwelo

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha olu hlobo yamandulo lobuchwepheshe, kufuneka ufumanise into ebalulekileyo. Hayi wonke umntu uyazi ukuba inqwelo, ukuba limela. Enyanisweni ke inqwelo, nto leyo yaba drive ezimbini okanye ezine ivili-, nto leyo asebenzise amahashe. Wabaleka loo nqwelo indoda egama wenqwelo. A nqwelo esetyenziswa ekulweni, ezemidlalo kunye imingcelele zomngcwabo.

Izazinzulu bakholelwa ukuba inqwelo yokulwa yesine kwiwaka BC, i Sumerians. Baya sele luyazi indlela yokulawula izilwanyana kunye nomzimba kunye owavela kwevili. I Sumerians ekuqaleni zinyuswe senqwelo zamaesile. Ngokuthe ngcembe lo wagon kuzo kusebenziso. Ukuba lokuqala umsebenzi wayo zothutho lwalunjani, kamva waba iziko kunye ukudubula mobile edabini (kwaba lula ukuphosa neengweletshetshe kutolwe ngeentolo). Ngokuthe ngcembe kwasungulwa lula bafudukela kwamanye amazwe. Iintlanga ezininzi baye bafunda ntoni enqwelweni waza waqalisa ukusebenzisa le ezintsha.

iinqwelo zokulwa zaseYiputa

Ehlabathini nkulungwane yesibini i-BC amaYiputa baqalisa ukusebenzisa Shumers njengeyabo. Kakade ebudeni bolawulo zokulwa Hyksos ooFaro ke imikhosi eziphambili ugwayimbo amandla. Kwakusazeka ukuba idabi inkulu nqwelo kwimbali - Idabi yaseKadeshe, apho yazinyaswa ziinqwelo ngaphezu amawaka asixhenxe. iinqwelo zaseYiputa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye yalwa, zazidiliza ekampini yotshaba waza wabatshayela ukusuka ngapha nangapha, yonke into endleleni yayo. Ngophuhliso alwayo ekhwele inqwelo eYiputa yamandulo ngayo wasetyenziswa ngaphantsi, nangona mabutho ayikwazanga indawo oko yokuhlasela ngamandla. Kodwa ke abakhweli iindleko ezininzi izihlandlo iinqwelo zitshiphu.

iinqwelo Serponosye

Ngokutsho izazinzulu, olu hlobo nqwelo ubonakala 479-401 BC. e. Yintoni na le serponosaya inqwelo nendlela iyahluka ukusuka neyezingaphambili? Owona msebenzi wayo akukho loqhankqalazo elinamandla, kunye ahlasele nasengqondweni. Kwakufuneka ukuba ibe nempembelelo, ukunciphisa umoya elihamba notshaba ukungquzulana ngokungqalileyo. Kule nkalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwenza uhlobo olutsha umkhosi - isibindi, akoyiki sukela kumkhawulela utshaba kunye nokufa. Le yayinqwelo lwenzelwe ngamahashe-4, yaba ivili enkulu. Ukuze nezamazembe zamavili ubungakanani ngeerhengqe malunga 90 cm ilahleko Utshaba apha. Ukuba usebenzisa iinqwelo serponosyh hayi yayimikhulu, kodwa banikwa ukusebenza kwengqondo. Ngenxa yokunqongophala ukusetyenziswa jikelele neenqwelo karate ekugqibeleni ababhubhayo.

Weenqwelo zokulwa Ancient Greece

Ekuqaleni, inqwelo Greece owenza kuphela indima yezothutho. Yena weza ekungxoleni yentsimbi endaweni edabini. Ukuba zange kufa uncedo egorheni, iinqwelo zokulwa kunye wenqwelo back naye. Kwathi ukuba zazisetyenziswa ukulwa, kodwa ke kuyingozi. Ukuze iinqwelo kufuneka ukugudisa edabini, njengoko kwipali kwi izitenxo zaphulwe, ngoko baya amahashe. It igcwele kokufa nejoni ayikho inqwelo.

Yamandulo Greek inqwelo wayedla ngaphandle zelizwe. AmaGrike wayethanda ukuba aququzelele imidyarho, yaye kamva bade kufakwa kwiprogram ye kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki ngokubaluleka.

Kunye nenkqubela kufikelelwe kunye neendlela zobugcisa ukulwa entsha, ebuya umva iinqwelo zokulwa zibe ngasemva, uze kubagxotha ngokupheleleyo. Ekupheleni ubukho bayo, ezi iinqwelo ziye kuphela ekuliwa, njengoko izalathi si zokunikwa wabanumzana nobutyebi abo banabo. Kuba nokugcinwa wenqwelo enye kuphela kwathabatha ixesha elininzi umhlaba (yamahashe) kunye nokukhathalela abasebenzi izilwanyana kanye nqwelo. Kungekudala, isiqulatho lonke kule lutho, yaye inqwelo zitshone zisabonakala.