Yintoni nkanyamba? A ulawulo oluqhelekileyo kwi-Southern saseNtla. Iinkanyamba kunye anticyclones - iimpawu kunye namagama

Yintoni nkanyamba? Phantse wonke umntu onomdla kwimozulu - ibukeka iingxelo izimali. Noko ke, yena kuvame malunga iinkanyamba kunye anticyclones. Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba la esesibhakabhakeni ezinxulumene ngqo ngaphandle yemozulu. Kweli nqaku siza kuzama ukuba sibone ukuba yintoni na.

Yintoni i nkanyamba

Inkanyamba - ummandla ophantsi uxinzelelo, inkqubo lawusibekela yimimoya setyhula. Ngamafutshane, le grand flat umsinga komoya. Ngaphezu koko, umoya kuwo ahamba emhlabeni hub esondeleyo kuyo ngcembe. Isizathu sale meko kucingwa ukuba kunjani wegazi umbindi. Ngoko ke, lo efudumeleyo emanzi mass umoya zenziwa phezulu ngokuthi kokutshintsha ngeenxa nkanyamba (amehlo) kweli ziko. Oku kubangela zemali amafu aphezulu mninzi. Kule zone yimimoya enamandla ayakwenza, isantya unako ukufikelela km-270 / hr. In the Northern saseNtla umoya ujikeleza ebalwa kunye twist ethile kweli ziko. Xa anticyclones, phezu koko, umoya ijijekileyo niye kwicala langasekunene. A ulawulo oluqhelekileyo kwi-Southern saseNtla isebenza phantse ngokunjalo. Nangona kunjalo, indlela lize. Iinkanyamba besukelana nobukhulu obahlukeneyo. ububanzi yabo ibe nkulu kakhulu - up ayi amawaka aliqela. Umzekelo, i nkanyamba enkulu uyakwazi ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo kwilizwekazi laseYurophu. Ngokuqhelekileyo la esesibhakabhakeni efunyenwe kwiindawo ezithile zentlalo. Umzekelo, nkanyamba kumazantsi ivela eYurophu buvela kobuzwe; iindawo lweMeditera, Black kunye lweCaspian Seas.

mechanism yinkanyamba ukubunjwa - isigaba sokuqala

Yintoni i nkanyamba nokuba zenziwa njani? Ngelo ngaphambili, ngamanye kwimimandla zoqhagamshelwano khona umoya kweshushu kuvela nokuphuhlisa iinkanyamba. Kuye kwasekwa kwizimanga zendalo xa ubunzima umoya obandayo polar edibana ubunzima eshushu, ufumile. Kulo mzekelo, efudumeleyo khona umoya bagxalathelane ukuya uluhlu ngengqele kusekwe kuzo into efana ulwimi. Oku sisiqalo ngokuzalwa nenkanyamba. Ngokuhambisa xa kuthelekiswa omnye komnye, ezi imijelo kwiqondo lobushushu ezahlukeneyo kunye loxinano umoya adale ngumtshangatshangiso phezu ngaphambili, yaye ngenxa yoko kumgca kakhulu ngaphambili. Kungcono ninikane ukubunjwa efana i arc wephiko ejongene ukuya umoya mass efudumeleyo. ibekwe phambi kwe kwinxalenye esempuma yile nkanyamba, a phambi efudumeleyo ingxenye yayo. Inxalenye esentshona leyo nesenzeko diff esesibhakabhakeni kukuyo ebandayo. Xa lokuphumla phakathi kwabo yile nkanyamba ingaqhelekanga zone imozulu elungileyo, leyo ngokuqhelekileyo ithatha iiyure nje ezimbalwa. line Loo aphambuke ngaphambili kunye nokuhla xi phezulu lencinibakazi.

yinkanyamba Evolution: Isigaba sesibini

yinkanyamba uwabonisa iyaqhubeka nokuguquguquka ngakumbi. Owadala yomtshangatshangiso, uhambisa, njengoko umthetho, ukuya ngasempuma, kumntla-mpuma okanye-mpuma, ebegqwese zikhubazekile. Ulwimi air efudumeleyo lingena ngakumbi entla, kusekwe icandelo kakuhle echazwe efudumeleyo nenkanyamba. Kwinxalenye phambi efudumeleyo izilayidi umoya mass phezu kunomoya ashinyeneyo. Xa nokuphakamisa amafu zomphunga ukuyilwa ezinamandla Cumulus amafu emvula ekhokelela (eyimvula okanye ikhephu), apho yokugqibela elide. Ububanzi kommandla imvula ngokungqalileyo ntoni ehlotyeni 300 nasebusika - 400 km. Kumgama ozikilometa amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba ngaphambili efudumeleyo kwi awuhambi kumphezulu ifikelela ubude ngeekhilomitha ezili-10 nangaphezulu, apho ukufuma amafu kwenzeka ukuba iqhwa kwakheka. Kwezi, zenza emhlophe amafu feathery. Ngoko ke, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuqikelela indlela ye nkanyamba efudumeleyo ngaphambili.

Isigaba sesithathu ekumisweni ngezenzeko komoya

abalinganiswa ngakumbi nenkanyamba. Olumanzi zifudumele icandelo air efudumeleyo, badlula phezu zasebusika Umhlaba buyeyona sekhombuya cloudiness ephantsi, inkungu, yimikhwitsho. Emva enkalweni a ngaphambili efudumeleyo iza welifu obuhle imimoya esemazantsi. Imiqondiso oku kangangokuba imbonakalo inkungu kunye inkungu. Ke esondela phambi ebandayo. Ukudlula umoya obandayo ecaleni kwawo, uyaqubha phantsi olufudumeleyo kwaye ukhupha kwi phezulu. Oku kukhokelela ekumisweni cumulonimbus. Bona unobangela iishawa, iindudumo, ekhatshwa umoya onamandla. Ububanzi kommandla kwezulu abandayo phambi imalunga-70 km. Ngelixesha kufika endaweni inxalenye ngasemva nenkanyamba. Izisa yimimoya enamandla, amafu Cumulus kunye imozulu ipholile. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umoya obandayo utyhala empumalanga efudumeleyo. Emva koko imozulu ecacileyo ebekwe.

Njengoko iinkanyamba kwakhiwa kwisigaba sesine

Njengoko ukungena komoya efudumeleyo kulwimi obandayo ubunzima, loo nto ngakumbi yaye singqongwe kakhulu khona umoya obandayo, yaye utyhalelwa phezulu. Idala embindini nkanyamba indawo xi ephantsi, apho engqongileyo khona umoya sukela. Njengoko bajike counter-clockwise Northern saseNtla phantsi kwempembelelo ujikelezo Yomhlaba. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iinkanyamba esemazantsi kufuneka imiyalelo malunga of ujikelezo lomoya mass. Ngenxa yokuba i-Earth oluvula luvaleke axis wayo, imimoya ayikhethanga ukuya embindini nesenzeko esesibhakabhakeni, kwaye tanjenti kwi sangqa ngeenxa zonke kuye. Kwinkqubo yophuhliso, ukuba yinkanyamba lekhamera.

Isigaba sesihlanu nasekusungulweni nkanyamba

Cool umoya e ngumkhuba esesibhakabhakeni ehamba ngesantya ngaphezu imfudumalo. Ngoko ke, Inkanyamba abandayo ngaphambili ngcembe zidibana kunye eshushu, wakha ebizwa ngokuba yi-occlusion ngaphambili. Zomphezulu koMhlaba akusekho kwizowuni efudumeleyo. Kukho khona umoya obandayo kuphela.

umoya efudumeleyo liphuma phezulu, apho ngcembe zipholile kwaye likhululekile isitokhwe ukufuma leyo ziwe emhlabeni ngohlobo imvula okanye ikhephu. Umahluko phakathi kobushushu phakathi umoya obandayo nefudumeleyo ngcembe shwaka. Ngaloo yinkanyamba uqala ukuba luphele. Noko ke, kukho ukufana ngokupheleleyo kwezi khona umoya akunjalo. Emva yinkanyamba data kufutshane ngaphambili kwi Crest, lencinibakazi omtsha yesibini ibonakala. Ezi into esesibhakabhakeni ngaso series, ngamnye emva ezantsi ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo. Ukuphakama omtsha yinkanyamba badla ukufikelela stratosphere, oko kukuthi, liphuma ukuya ukuphakama 9-12 km. Lilikhulu ingafunyanwa undizela ka 20-25 km.

speed yinkanyamba

Iinkanyamba phantse lonke ihamba. Isantya intshukumo yahluke kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunciphisa kunye nokuguga Eyona nto esesibhakabhakeni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zihamba ngesantya ezimalunga 30-40 km / h, iiyure ezingama-24 abapasa umgama ka 1000-1500 km okanye nangaphezulu. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuhamba ngesantya ka 70-80 km ngeyure kunye abapasileyo nangaphezulu ngemini 1800-2000 km. Ngesi ngokwesantya nkanyamba, nto leyo olulwayo lwadamba ngoku kummandla eNgilani, iiyure ezingama-24 sele kummandla eLeningrad kunye Belarus, kwaqala utshintsho elibukhali kwimozulu. On izenzakalo esesibhakabhakeni ingcinezelo iwela njengoko isilinganiselo iziko. Kukho amagama ahlukeneyo iinkanyamba neenkanyamba. Enye idumileyo i "Katrina", oko kwabanga umonakalo omkhulu eUnited States.

kwasenkundleni esesibhakabhakeni

Yintoni i nkanyamba, sele kusetyenzwa. Okulandelayo iya kuthetha kumacandelo abo noshowo - imiphambili esesibhakabhakeni. Yintoni eyenza izihlwele enkulu komoya kufumile nkanyamba sikhwele phezulu? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kufuneka kuqala siqonde ukuba yintoni eyenza imiphambili ekuthiwa-esesibhakabhakeni. Sele wathi oshukunyiswa umoya yimvula ezishushu-ikhweyitha ukuya izibonda kwaye ngendlela yayo idibana khona umoya obandayo ezinezinga ziingcathu. Ekubeni iimpawu emoyeni olufudumeleyo kunye cool zahlukile kakhulu, kulindelekile ukuba iifayili zazo ukuze nangoko mix. Endaweni yokuhlangana khona umoya kwiqondo lobushushu ezahlukeneyo kuvela a band ngokukhawuleza - izowuni lenguqu phakathi iikona ngaphandle iipropati ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni, nto leyo meteorology ekuthiwa kumphezulu ngaphambili. Zone yahlukanisa umoya ubunzima ezinezinga epholileyo kwaye yimvula, ngokuba ngaphambili ezibandayo. A umphezulu ngaphambili phakathi aphakathi kunye Arctic ezinezinga ebizwa Arctic. Ekubeni lexinene emoyeni ubunzima efudumeleyo mncinci kuno koko yokubanda, phambi yi moya ithambekele osoloko osimelela ukuya uluhlu phantsi engile encinane kakhulu ebandayo ukuya kumphezulu. Umoya cool ashinyeneyo ngakumbi, xa behlangana eshushu-up iphakamisa wokugqibela. Ecinga ngaphambili phakathi khona umoya, kufuneka sihlale sikhumbula ukuba oku - ubuso ngengqondo, izidanga, ngaphezu komhlaba. Line phambi komoya, oluthi luqokelelane ekudibaneni kule umphezulu ngomhlaba, ibhalwa kwiimephu zemozulu.

neKorea

Ndiyamangala ukuba kukho yobume nento entle into efana kwenkanyamba? Ecacileyo isibhakabhaka serene phezu wadalwa kakuhle yi singqonga mad of zigzags luphokoke kombane, iindonga xa eziphakamileyo ezimbini Mount Everest? Noko ke, kwiinkathazo kufuna umntu oya kuba phezu ezantsi equleni ...

Okuvela kwisibanzi ethandwa, neenkanyamba esilithundezela entshonalanga, kwaye emva koko (kumntla ikhweyitha) ujikeleze usinge entla-ntshona, ngasentla okanye entla-mpuma. Nangona ngamnye kubo ulandela ngqo umendo intshukumo omnye, abaninzi kubo ihamba kunye egopheni leyo eye elimile parabola. zizaqhwithi ziyawukhawulezisa kukhulu indlela esemantla. Ukuba kufutshane ikhweyitha kwaye kwicala nentshona liyanyikima ngesantya 17-20 km / h, ngoko emva kokuvula i-mpuma ngesantya yabo ukufikelela ku-100 km / hr. Noko ke, maxa wambi, elele ngesiquphe zonke uqikelelo kunye noqikelelo, neenkanyamba into uyeke ngokupheleleyo umzi mad phambili.

nkanyamba

Iliso sisitya neendonga khaxa efini apho kukho umoya alomelelanga okanye akukho moya. Isibhakabhaka ecacileyo okanye ifihle ngokuyinxenye ngamafu. Xi amaxesha 0.9 ixabiso yesiqhelo. Inkanyamba amehlo unokuba ubungakanani ukusuka kwiikhilomitha ezi-5 ku-200 ububanzi, kuxhomekeke nqanaba yophuhliso lwayo. Ubungakanani inkanyamba iliso mfana 35-55 km, ngoxa equlunqiweyo lincitshiswe ukuya kwi-18 km s0. Inyathelo eziphango Inkanyamba iliso kwandisa kwakhona. I zicace ichaziwe, le Inkanyamba enamandla ngakumbi. Xa inkanyamba enjalo imimoya amandla embindini. Ukuvala zonke ujikeleze iliso, imimoya osisaqhwithi ngesantya ukuya ku 425 km / h, ngokuthe ngcembe behlise phantsi njengoko umgama ukusuka kwiziko.