Yintoni ubuhlanga: obubonakala kunye nophuhliso imbali

Namhlanje kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto iingcamango kwezentlalo nezopolitiko. Kwinkulungwane uphelileyo ibe eyona ngxaki okubangelwa kukuvela kwibakala lehlabathi kulo mbutho, nobuhlanga. Le meko iye yabangela ukuba iimpendulo kakhulu ziphikisana. Noko ke, yintoni na ubuhlanga?

Igama yabhalwa kuqala kwi-French Dictionary Larousse ngo elinethoba ngomnyaka wamashumi amathathu anesibini ka-. Kukho impendulo umbuzo othi "yintoni na ubuhlanga" waba: isixokelelwano okugxininisa ukongama uhlanga ngaphezu kwabanye. Ingaba le zomthetho?

Ngokutsho omkhulu uMthetho Dictionary, ihlelwe yi Sukharev kunye Krutskikh, ubuhlanga - le yenye zolwaphulo ezinkulu ngamazwe. Lo ideology nofakelo-calulo, olusekelwe phezu ukunganqondwa ngokobuhlanga kunye nomkhethe.

Yintoni ubuhlanga yaye ziziphi iimpawu zayo? amalungiselelo zezakhiwo kunye nezenzo kumaziko oku kukhokelela le ngxaki zokungalingani, kwakunye ingcamango ukuba nolwalamano olunjalo phakathi amaqela ahlukeneyo abantu ezi meko zombini ngokuziphatha yokuziphatha, kunye neenqobo ezisesikweni kunye nezopolitiko kunye izimvo zenzululwazi. Le ideology isekelwe phezu intshukumo kuzibonakalisa emthethweni practice.

Yintoni ubuhlanga? Le mbono yokuba yintoni na uhlanga okanye iqela uhlanga unelungelo lokulawula ngqiqweni ngabanye abantu (nakuba iye psevdoobosnovaniya ezithile ngokwembono kwiimbono ngokwalo). Ukuziqhelisa, oku kubonakala ngokuxina abantu naziphi na izizathu (umbala, ngokuzalwa, mvelaphi yabo ngokobuzwe okanye ngokohlanga). Kwi-International Convention on the Ukuphelisa woCalucalulo eziliwaka elinamakhulu asithoba kunye nonyaka-wesithandathu zaba ngamashumi omathandathu, kwabhengezwa ukuba ubuhlanga lulwaphulo-mthetho. Nayiphi na obubonakala bezonxibelelwano bukhatshwa sisohlwayo ngumthetho.

Ngokutsho kule ndibano, ubuhlanga nga kuthathelwa ingqalelo nasiphi na isithintelo, umyalelo okanye ukungafikeleli ngalo elisekelwe kwibala lomntu, uhlanga okanye imvelaphi, eba Injongo ukutshabalalisa okanye kwenzakalise unelungelo lokwamkelwa, kunye nomqathango amathuba kunye neenkululeko e yayo kwezopolitiko, ezoqoqosho, yenkcubeko, okanye ubomi ekuhlaleni.

gama kujongwa wabonakala kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, xa French Gobingo wavalelwa phambili ingqiqo ukongama ugqatso Aryan phezu kwabanye. Ngaphezu koko, phantsi kwalo mbono yaveza kuquka pseudo-yenzululwazi ubungqina ngenyaniso yawo. Sibi ingxaki isindululo obuhlanga kwi-USA (United States). Inani elikhulu zaseAfrika-eMerika, abantu bomthonyama, abaphambukeli yabangela inyathelo elikhulu-isikali esekelwe olungenacalulo zonke iintlobo. Kwaye ngoku, ubuhlanga eMelika unxulunyaniswa imisebenzi qela notorious i-Ku Klux Klan.

Phakathi kwinkulungwane edluleyo, ukuba lo moya ukongama abanye abantu phezu kwabanye, iyaphuhliswa nokubamba kaDarwin, eugenics, Malthusianism, kwintanda-bulumko abathanda ukugxeka kunye misanthropy, elitism ngu zobulumko ezifana Haykraft, Kidd, Lapudzh, Volta, Chamberlain Amon, Nietzsche, Shoppengauer, yaba sisiseko emibonweni yobuFasi. Bakha isiseko nemfundiso iyayixhasa kwaye ikhuthaza calulo, ucalucalulo ngokobuhlanga, ucalucalulo, ingcamango ukongama "uhlanga Aryan olunyulu" phezu kwabo bonke ngabanye.