Zinaida Serebryakova. Imifanekiso ubuhle ihlabathi nobomi kwixesha lotshintsho

Kubugcisa bezinto ezibonakalayo amagama ambalwa female abalulekileyo jikelele. Zinaida Serebryakova, ogama picture - star esixabisekileyo ngotyefezo owayephila - omnye wabo. Xa intliziyo ingqalelo yayo ngamazwe - umsebenzi rhoqo nzima ekwakhiweni kwendalo yayo. Waba kakhulu kwaye usindiso ngayo, owayehlala eRashiya ngexesha yotshintsho olululo: krobo kakhulu kwaba ihlabathi ifanelekileyo yobugcisa ebusweni boqhankqalazo.

"Sonke ozalwa ipensile esandleni sakhe ..."

Ukukhetha ebomini kuba ngenye indlela: ebuntwaneni engqongwe imizobo nemizobo. Serebryakova Zinaida Evgenevna, nee Lancer, ngo-1884 wazalwa entsatsheni, leyo banika ihlabathi ngabapeyinti edumileyo, graphic amagcisa, abakroli, illustrators, abahombisa, abakhi. UYise - nomkroli evgeniy Lansere, waba ingakumbi idume yeplastiki layo elihle ababulwanyanarha, utatomkhulu koomama - uNikolay Leontevich Benua - academician lwezakhiwo, umalume - uAleksandr Benua - umseki edume le "World of Art".

Lost uyise, Zinaida wayehlala ekhaya Benoit. Umoya endlwini enkulu Petersburg kunye kwilifa kufuphi eKharkov Neskuchnoye waba enengxolo neyonwabisayo. Kungekudala Zinaida efanayo ukususela ebuntwaneni hlukile uzingise kunye ingqondo, ethi ixhaswe data zayo ziya kuba zibonakale kuyo yonke italente olukhulu.

Ekuqalekeni ube ekho uthando

Emva kokugqiba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, yena wayefunda Zinaida iikulya Repin Art School Princess Tenisheva. Osip Braz - eyaziwa umzobo ixesha - babekholelwa ukuba indlela engcono yokufunda - bekhuphela imizobo le Hermitage. Oku babesebenza kunye Zinaida Serebryakova. Mizobo evela ukuqokelelwa amagama amakhulu wancedisa kahle namacebo iinkosi enkulu, ukufumana ukuya core loyilo yabo.

indawo Neskuchnyi okumangalisayo, abemi balo - abanini kunye nabalimi - ngokwabo cela ukuba ngelaphu, kwaye ilifa yaba uhlobo Benoit ukuba umzobi entsha, indawo oyithandayo on Earth. Ingakumbi weza ukuba kungekudala kunye nolonwabo ababhinqileyo.

Ngowe-1905 watshata umzala wakhe, owayehlala ebumelwaneni, - Boris Serebryakov. Wakhangela ngathi a knight Russian, waza walungiselela ukuba abe injineli kaloliwe. Zabo elathatha waba eParis, apho Zinaida Uqhelene ngemisebenzi isimbo art bamandulo mihla, kunye Boris wayefunda ulwakhiwo kololiwe yaseYurophu.

Iminyaka 14 ezayo, babehlala kunye, kuba xesha limnandi ebomini bakhe. Bona ke abantwana abahle abane, Boris tracks ngehlombe eligangathiweyo lonke eRashiya, yaye kwakukho igama elitsha ebalulekileyo kweli hlabathi lobugcisa of Russia - Serebryakova Zinaida, echaza imizobo olwagcwalisa zeekhathalogu mboniso kunye namanqaku bemisebenzi yobuciko.

A wobugcisa

Winter Neskuchnii weza iqabaka kwangethuba kakhulu wanika uqhubeke phandle. INdoda - kanye wayehambe ngezoshishino, abalimi baxakekile yokusebenza, yaye akazange abe imodeli umsebenzi. Kwakufuneka ukuzoba ngokwakhe, yaye gqitha umfanekiso eneenkcukacha oko akubona imiso ngemiso, ihlamba iinwele zakhe phambi esipilini. Oku kucacisa imbonakalo womzobo "Xa yangasese" Zinaida Serebryakova. Imizobo, kuseyinto enye self-eni zintle kwimbali yokudweba.

Ngowe-1910 yena kuqala umboniso umsebenzi yakhe VII Mboniso we-Union of Iimvumi Russian, apho ezintathu ngemizobo zayo, kuquka "Kuba yangasese," kwathengwa liBhunga Tretyakov Gallery. look entsha, ubuchule siqinisekile, ngokusekelwe kwizithethe kakuhle zinjalo, wenza igcisa oselula ethandwa kakhulu kwindawo enobuchule kunye nababukeli eziqhelekileyo.

Nokugqama italente

ukuqondwa Ukukhulisa negalelo kwimpumelelo eni abantwana odumileyo bakhe. Kanti ngayo imisebenzi eyayinikelwe abalimi ka Neskuchnyi kunye needolophu eziyingqongileyo, abaninzi baye babone impembelelo Venetsianov ogama izithethe kwi aphuhlileyo Zinaida Serebryakov entsha. Imifanekiso abazinikele nohlobo ze nemazi, waqubuda kuye ngenxa buchopho ye-Italian Renaissance.

Kodwa ikakhulu ekuphileni kwakhe lokudala ukuba ikhona kuphela. Kukukwazi ukuvakalisa isimanga omkhulu kunye othandwayo kwimfezeko misava leyintshwa ya Xikwembu, ubuhle yabantu (kunye nabantu abadala) abahlala kuyo. Oku akumangalisi, banikwa izithonga ezimbi ezehlela kwizibetho zayo.

Phuma yonke ipeyinti

A ihlabathi esekelwe uthando kunye nolonwabo entsatsheni, kwabonakala eyomeleleyo, yaye, icace phandle, indlu ka amakhadi, kuboniswe kwenye mizobo i womzobi. Wathi folokohlo phantsi koxinzelelo imvula zembali. Umlilo revolution, okanye mhlawumbi ubani abe nomsindo okanye nesibindi onxilileyo kutshatyalaliswa elinegadi Neskuchnii kunye imisebenzi abemi balo - kunye Imizobo emininzi nemizobo.

Boris, wambamba iziganeko revolution ndaweni kude nekhaya ixesha elide akwazi ukondla ngokwayo iindaba. Mhlawumbi, wabanjwa waza wakhululwa ngowe-1919 ukuba intlanganiso kunye nentsapho yakhe, xa wavuma ukuba asebenze umsebenzi kwixesha elizayo. Badibana eKharkov, apho wafudukela ndawonye nabantwana kunye nonina Zinaida Serebryakov. Imibono, ebhalwe bona isiphelo, wayigcina yintlekele embi: Boris kwimvumelwano yesifo wafa iintsuku ezimbalwa ezandleni ngumfazi wakhe. Kuphela imfuneko ukugcina abantwana akazange avumele oyindlela ukuphulukana ingqondo yam nentlungu.

ukuthuthela ngenkani

Le uncumo lwakhe self-portraits babe phantse lonke. Kuyinto ezahlukeneyo, kodwa nimana ithemba. Ngexesha eyoyikekayo ugxothwa yena efumana umsebenzi imyuziyam, sketching iziphumo zakudala - oku ngokwaneleyo ukuze ulawule belamba. Emva koko izihlobo ukuya Petrograd, endinomdla ukwenza imiyalelo wobugcisa. Kodwa imali ngokucacile akwanelanga, yaye xa Malume - uAleksandr Benua - ecetywayo 1924 ukuya emsebenzini e Paris, wavuma. Olu hambo lwathatha engaphezu kwamashumi amane, Russia Zinaida akazange wabuya.

abantwana ezimbini - unyana kunye nentombi Sasha Katya - wakwazi uthubelezise kungekudala ngokwawo, kunye Eugene Tanya ndahlala nomama ogulayo eRashiya. Urhulumente waseSoviet wakwazi ukufumana isisongelo. Iintshaba ibe igcisa enkulu, nabantwana bakhe, bakwazi ukuhlangabezana kwiminyaka engama-36 kuphela kamva.

Ukunakanwa ekupheleni kobomi

Iminyaka bachitha kude eRashiya, ingakumbi enzima, xa kanye uhlobo lomculi ngumongo Russian. Ukunyaniseka namasiko esekwe kule minyaka yokuqala, ngokukuvumela ukugcina umntu, abe igcisa Russian Zinaida Serebryakova. Imizobo yakhe abazange engenanjongo, hayi ipeyinti waqala busa fomu. Imizobo bayo abazange nkqubo kunye nezilogeni sobugcisa entsha. Ngoko ke, phakathi Bohemia ubugcisa ka Paris umsebenzi Serebryakova kwaba imperceptible.

Kwincopho kwethuba Serebrya amazwe ingqalelo umjikelo wakhe yaseMorocco xa uhambo ezimbini amalungiselelo ngabaxumi, yena wayesenza umsebenzi, Mhle abawathandayo ezininzi yangaphambili italente yakhe kwaye zatsala ingqalelo abathandi ezintsha zobugcisa.

Ekhaya abasemagunyeni bazama ukuba ukucinga kuye, nangona Serebryakov zange kubonwe kwezopolitiko, ingakumbi kwimisebenzi anti-eSoviet. Zonke emangalisa, elikholekileyo Zinaida kunye nabantwana bakhe yaba yimpumelelo enkulu ibonisa 1965 no 1966, eLeningrad naseKiev.

Abawathandayo Serebrya khumbula impumelelo kutshanje oqaqambileyo mboniso kwi Tretyakov Gallery, waza wabuya waza wabuyela ngonaphakade.