Zelenograd - Moscow: Uloliwe. Indlela ukufika Zelenograd

Zelenograd kwisithili isixeko - omnye kwimimandla ekhoyo yolawulo kwikomkhulu Russian. Ezingama-12 Ukusuka a sixeko enkulu ezinjengezo Moscow, Zelenograd esahlula kude km 37 kuphela, kwaye ibekwe emantla-ntshona yinxalenye mmandla. Kubalulekile kwakhona wokuqala counties ezintathu ukusekwa ngaphandle Moscow Ring Road. Yaye bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba isixeko kudala ingqalelo iziko enkulu yenzululwazi kunye woshishino Soviet kunye elektroniki Russian kunye microelectronics. Ekuhambeni kwexesha yakhe apha wasebenza abaphandi obalaseleyo Russian kunye izazinzulu. Ukuba uqaphele: loo dolophu yaye ekuqaleni kwakuthetha ukuba yokudlalela elikhulu yenzululwazi.

Overview

In Zelenograd uye imbali yalo imvelaphi, izithethe zabo. Kukho kwakhona izibonelelo ephuhliswe kakuhle. Abahlali abaninzi eyinkunzi kunye nezinye iingingqi bathenga indawo apha. Izindlu zokuhlala e Zelenograd, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezintsha, zithathwa ukuba abakhethekileyo. Esi sixeko ngokoqobo singqongwe ngobunono. igama layo ngokoqobo bubonakala "sixeko green". Nangona kufutshane iyelelene kwikomkhulu, kukho umoya ococekileyo kakhulu. Oku Bulelani ukuba yobuninzi lezityalo ngaphakathi kwemida kwidolophana ekufutshane apho. amakhonkco zothutho Good phakathi Zelenograd ne eMoscow. Kamva kweli nqaku siza kufunda okungakumbi ngalo mzi, iimpawu zayo, ukwahlulwa indawo. Ezi zibonelelo ziya kunikwa ingcaciso emalunga nendlela ukuya elalini evela eyinkunzi umva, yintoni uhlobo zothutho unako ukukwenza oko.

iimpawu

Zelenograd, eyaziwa njenge "Russian Silicon (ngaphantsi rhoqo - Silicon) Valley", yeyona eyayigquba inkulu kwikomkhulu. kumzantsi-mpuma inxalenye yalo isixeko erhangqwe. Khimki, kwanoNowadiya kwintsimi - ezisuka kwisithili Solnechnogorsk. Zelenograd, ifoto apho linikwa kwi nqaku, uquka iqela zokuhlala. Oku, ingakumbi, kwilali Malino, kwilali sezigodlo, Novomalyn, Kutuzov kunye inxalenye lali Alabushevo. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye District eMoscow kwingingqi Zelenograd encinane kakhulu. De-2012 eyayibanjelwe Uyamano elikomkhulu kwintsimi entsha yena naye incinane bonke abanye abantu. Kodwa lo mzi ngaphezulu ezinyakazela abantu ngaphezu, umzekelo, Balashikha. Ekugqibeleni, phawula, uthathwa ukuba yokuhlala likhulu ongaphandle eyinkunzi, yaye kummandla eyahlukileyo lula ukungena nekhulu phezulu yezixeko ezinkulu eRashiya. Akunjalo eside eyadlulayo, phambi kokuba ukwandiswa Moscow, Zelenograd wathabatha indawo yesibini mawubekeke nakwizithili ezisezidolophini ngenani lezithuba eluhlaza. Emva koko ke kubalelwa i-30% yommandla, emva kwiSithili soLawulo Eastern kuphela.

imbali

Zelenograd (eMoscow) yayakhiwe kwisiza ngaphambili iilali Matushkino kunye Savelki, p. Kryukovo kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala ezincinci kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezisezidolophini. Kunye ekuqaleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II ngo-1941, kunye Kryukiv nohola (namhlanje ibizwa ngokuba Panfilov Avenue) ukusuka kwisikhululo Kryukovo yabamba umgca ngoyaba butho Soviet. Namhlanje, isixeko kunye eyingqongileyo, ungabona inani elikhulu ezikhumbuzo imbeko ezo ziganeko ezibalulekileyo. Eyona idumileyo - yesikhumbuzo entsonkothileyo "Bayonets". Disemba 3, 1966, imbeko engama 25 ka ngokoyiswa amabutho utshaba kufuphi ikomkhulu, ukusuka emangcwabeni okuseleyo sithathiwe Soldier ongaziwayo, uze uphinde-wangcwatyelwa kufuphi kweendonga yesicelo kwi-Alexander Garden. Nanamhla oku, emhlabeni Zelenograd ukufumana iintsalela amaxhoba, ordnance unexploded kunye nobunye ubungqina izimpi.

History of isisekelo

Umhla esemthethweni kokusekwa kwisixeko Zelenograd ingqalelo Matshi 3, 1958 Ngale mini, iBhunga labaPhathiswa USSR ngenjongo lonikezelo yabantu yamkela isigqibo malunga nokwakhiwa indawo entsha kufutshane nesikhululo "Kryukovo" DWS. 11.28 libekelwe bucala ukulungiselela oku kota karhulumente. km, nto leyo% 30 kuphela intsimi zizonke isixeko mihla. Ukwakhiwa ziphuhliswe phakathi iLeningrad umendo kunye Railway Oktobha kumgama 37-41 km ukusuka ngundoqo eyinkunzi. Works ekwakhiweni kwidolophu yesathelayithi yaqala ngo-1960 Isicwangciso sophuhliso kwayilwa wezakhiwo oyintloko Igorem Evgenevichem Rozhinym. Ekuqaleni, isixeko Zelenograd wakhawulwa njengeziko enkulu kwimveliso textile. Noko ke, ngo-1962, enkosi ecetyiswa Alexander Ivanovich Shokina (uSihlalo weKomiti YePhondo elektroniki), isiqalo umsebenzi ephambili ecwangcisiweyo ngenye indlela. Ngoku umsebenzi ababhekisi kwaba ukudala iziko yophando ijolise kuphuhliso kobuchwepheshe elektroniki microelectronic. Kamva Zelenograd badla kuthelekiswa American Silicon (Silicon) Valley, ngokunxulumene apho yaba isiqhulo yayo ephambili - "Russian Silicon (ngaphantsi rhoqo - Silicon). Valley" Abanye abaphandi babe amabali rossiiyskih elektroniki kushishino bakholelwa ukuba isigqibo ukubeka phambili inyathelo Shokina yokuqhelanisa kwakhona nempembelelo kakhulu babalekela iinjineli USSR American - Alfred Saranta kunye Dzhoel Barru (eyaziwa kweli lizwe phantsi igama filipp Georgievich Staros kunye iosif Veniaminovich Berg).

Ukubala

umlawuli wokuqala "Center Research" waqeshwa ngo-1863. Baba Lukin Fodor Viktorovich kunye nesekela lakhe kweyobunzululwazi - F. G. Staros. January 15, 1963 isephantsi isixeko kwezokwakha igama layo - Zelenograd. It zawongwa isenzo leKomiti yeSigqeba le Moscow City Council of Abantu yamaSekela yenombolo 3/25. January 16, 1963 kwisithili ipoma. n. Zelenograd (eMoscow) ngokwesiseko ummiselo Elawulayo ePhakamileyo yiSoviet wolawulo bezithili sakhutshelwa ngaphantsi. January 25, 1963, yonke imisebenzi yolawulo ezidluliselwe esandleni Leningrad District Council of kwikomkhulu. NgoFebruwari 1965, Zelenograd yafuduswa kwisithili ukuya ngaphantsi esixekweni, nto leyo iphucula ubume mzi. Matshi 2, 1965 ngokunxulumene kunye Ndiwise umthetho weSixeko Moscow ulawulo yawo inxaxheba lesixeko ibhunga zamasekela wabasebenzi. Ekwindla ka-1968 (ngokususela isigqibo elitsha ePhakamileyo yiSoviet of the RSFSR) Zelenograd Ukongezelela wanikwa iwonga yesithili eMoscow. isicwangciso sophuhliso jikelele eziveliswe wezakhiwo oyintloko Igorem Aleksandrovichem Pokrovskim kunye neqela lakhe elikhulu (oko kuquka nabayili kaWonke Saevich, FA Novikov kunye nabanye), owamkelwa njengesiseko ngo-1971

ukwandiswa

Ngowe-1987, ukuya kummandla Zelenograd waye kwilali Kryukovo kunye ubumelwane abayingqongileyo eqhotyoshelweyo. Njengoko wayezelwe abashicileli, le ndawo kwakumele kulwakhiwo ummandla entsha mveliso. Kodwa Ukuwa kweUSSR ukwakhiwa TSIE (Centre for Computer Science and Engineering Electronic) sele wayeka, ngokucacileyo phambi kokuba uqale, lo gama kokwakhiwa kwezindlu enkulu kwaqhubeka. Umphumo waba imali ukungalingani kwabahlali esi sixeko kunye nemisebenzi efunekayo, nebonelela Zelenograd abakwazanga. Le meko kwakhona mandundu intlekele ekuyo i-uqoqosho Russian ngelo xesha. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-sabemi besixeko kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukukhwela yonke imihla inxalenye entsha ye Zelenograd kwi omdala, okanye ukuhamba ngaphandle kwisithili eMoscow.

Langoku Isigaba kuphuhliso

Ngehlobo lowe-1991 ikomkhulu, ngokunxulumene nesigqibo imfuneko yokukhupha iindawo ezindala ukwenza izithili zolawulo, sasifakwa inguquko besigaba indawo. Ngokutsho Zelenograd yakhe (kummandla eMoscow) yajika kwisithili eyahlukileyo. NgoJanuwari 1992, isigqibo fixed isigqibo umongameli uqeshwe i-Russian Federation kunye noSihlalo weBhunga ePhakamileyo ka-Russia. Kwi enye uxwebhu kukho umahluko Zelenograd 5 izangqa kamasipala: № 1-4, Krukovo. Ubhaliso ezisemthethweni kwilizwe yolawulo iye yabhalwa ngoJulayi 5, 1995 umthetho hlula indawo. Kananjalo ikwanika ingcaciso malunga zocando zezithili ngamalungu 5. Emva kwexesha emfundo kwizithili igama Savelki, Matushkino, Silin kunye Old Kryukovo. Zine iindawo industrial, ibekwe kummandla Old City, baba ngaphandle kwisithili Zelenograd. kamva kwadityaniswa zibe iqela enye indawo. Disemba 4, 2002 Zelenograd (eMoscow), kunye nalo Masipala intracity ezintlanu yahlulwa ngakumbi kwimimandla 3. Oku, ingakumbi, Panfilov, Matushkino-Savelki, Kryukovo. unit Territorial "Zelenograd", kwakunye epakini, ibekwe i-Old Town, isasazwe phakathi kwimimandla Matushkino-Savelki kunye Panfilov. Ebutsheni bowe-2010, inani kwiindawo liye landa ezintlanu. amagama abo kunye nokusasazwa indawo lwaqhutywa ngokungqinelana kunye noomasipala baloo mzi.

division Administrative

yesithili Modern Zelenogradskiy ezidolophini ubunjwe kwiingingqi ezi-5, izithili 18 (ezicwangcisiweyo ifomu ngakumbi omnye 4 ebumelwaneni), imimandla asixhenxe namuhla nezinto eziluncedo, indawo zokuhlala abambalwa kunye Forest Park. division Territorial yile ilandelayo:

• indawo Matushkino. Oku kuquka iindawo № 1, № 2, № 4 kunye naseMntla Zone Industrial.
• indawo Savelki. It iqulathe kubumelwane № 3, № 5-7, d. Nazarevo kunye kwindawo Mpuma yoluntu.
• P-n Antic Krukovo - apha iquka iindawo № 8, 9 № n ngokungaphelelanga Malino (ezisemntla evela DWS), South Zone Industrial ..
• indawo Silino. Kukho zilungiselelwe kubumelwane № 10, № 11, № 12, Zone Industrial Western and Industrial Zone "Alabushevo".
• District Kryukovo. Oku kuquka nani likhulu iindawo ezifana №№ 14 - 16, № 18, № 19 "Krukovo", № 20, inxalenye esemazantsi ibango Máliné Kutuzovo d, Kamenka, Iimpondo, Novo-anambitheka ... Kanye apha phantsi kwizithili ukwakhiwa inani 22 "Kutuzovsky Sloboda", inombolo 23, "Green Ihlathi", indawo loncediso we-17 no-21 kwizithili th, ummandla mveliso Malino kunye indawo yoluntu "Alexandrowka".

Kwakhona yesithili Zelenograd ukugcina inkululo yayo yoqobo olunemiqathango lwe Old Town (malunga 2/3 le ndawo nabemi) kunye ezintsha. Eyokuqala ibandakanya iinkalo Savelki Matushkino, Silin kunye Old Kryukovo. Le ephakathi iLeningrad umendo kunye Oktobha Railway. Isixeko omtsha ibandakanya ummandla omnye kuphela, kodwa inkulu yi ndawo kunye labemi - Kryukovo. Le ise kumzantsi-ntshona le DWS.

Iindlela ukufika Zelenograd. Indlela ukusuka eMoscow

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ukufika edolophini. Indlela ukufika Zelenograd kwi imoto:

• Pyatnitskoe omkhulu.
• Leningrad omkhulu.

iinketho umdla Okunye ngokweenkcukacha, nokukhethwa indlela ziza kuchazwa ngezantsi.

unxibelelwano Railway Zelenograd, eMoscow

Lo loliwe - indlela ubhetyebhetye ukuya elalini ukusuka eyinkunzi umva. Lo loliwe isuka ukusuka kwisikhululo iLeningrad, nto leyo imi kwisikhululo metro "Komsomolskaya". Kuxhomekeka inani zokumisa enziwe kwindlela Zelenograd (eMoscow), uloliwe avareji weyisayo umgama 35-50 imiz. Iindleko itikiti ukusuka eMoscow ukuya kwisikhululo "Kryukovo" ka-82,5 engange. Ixesha lokuhamba kaloliwe yokuqala ukusuka eMoscow - at 4:45. Ukufika ku Kryukovo - at 5:33. Ixesha lokuhamba kaloliwe lokugqibela evela eMoscow - at 23:35. Ukufika kwindawo ngentla - 00:30. Ukususela station "Kryukovo" uyakwazi ukufikelela kuzo zonke iindawo Zelenograd kunye nakwiindawo ezikufutshane ngeteksi. Izithuthi zikawonke ikhutshwa phandle phezu kwishedyuli. Kokuba kuchaziwe kwi ngongoma apho ayeke khona iibhasi. Zelenograd ungatyelela kunye nezinye iindlela ezichazwe ngezantsi.

Izalathiso ezivela "Station River"

Ukususela kule umasipala ukuya Zelenograd (eMoscow) ifikeleleka ngendlea inombolo ibhasi 400 (ukuvakalisa) kunye nenombolo 400. Ulandelelwano Umzila iyasebenziseka ukuba ufuna ukufumana izithili endala №№ 1-12 okanye Kryukovo. Ibhasi yokuqala ushiya evela eMoscow 5:05, yokugqibela omnye - at 00:20. Igalelo elibi eli uhlobo lwe intshukumo - kwemikrozo yeemoto rhoqo kwi iLeningrad Highway. Noko ke, ukuba iindlela simahla, unako ukufikelela umzi nje seyure. Imali yokukhwela - 40 engange.

Routes evela esihamba

"Mitino"

To Zelenograd, kulandela le 400K inombolo ibhasi. Indlela ilungele abo babehamba kwizithili ezintsha №№ 14-20 no Kryukovo.

"Tushinskaya"

Fumana ku Zelenograd Ungabonisa ibhasi okanye itekisi inombolo 160 ukuya kwisikhululo metro "Tushinskaya". Route uphindaphindo yayo lula ukutyelela ubumelwane ezintsha №№ 14-16, № 18, № 20 Krukovo. Bus kufuneka Volokolamskoe kunye Pyatnitskoe umendo ke Zelenograd. ixesha ezinika - malunga 50 imizuzu. Imali yokukhwela into engange-50.

Indlela kwi iLeningrad Highway (M10)

Nomncedisi best Uhambo, nto leyo eya simvumele ezilahlekileyo - eli khadi. Zelenograd, ngenxa kwindawo yayo lula, Muscovites abaninzi bakhetha ukuya kutyelela ngemoto. Ungeno yokuqala malunga km 37. Leningrad sh. (Malunga-20 km ukusuka eMoscow). Emva kokuba auto show "Avanta 'ukuba ekunene, kwi Moskovsky Ithemba. Le ndlela inika ukufikelela lula kummandla woluntu nezithili Mpuma №№ 1-7. I-entry olandelayo ukwakweli km 42. Leningrad Rd., Okulandelayo ukuya lesikhumbuzo "Bayonets". Ukuze ufumane edolophini kufuneka ajike ngasekhohlo kwi avenue Panfilov. Ukusuka apha ungafumana ukuya North, West kunye nendawo mveliso eMzantsi, kwakunye kubumelwane №8-12. Ukuze ufumane emzini esitsha (izithili №№ 14-20) kufuneka ukuqhuba Kryukovskaya ezizihambelayo kwi Ilungiselelo Panfilov. Ngendlela efanayo ungafumana ku Pyatnickoe kuhola wendlela.

Ngemoto osemendweni Pyatnitskoe (P111)

Ukusuka kwisikhululo. Metro "Mitino" kufuneka ukufikelela ithuba kwi Kutuzovsky Rd., Apho ngasemva. Berehovo, kwaye jika ngasekunene. Ke, kwindlela enye ukuya iringi nibuyele kwinamba isicatshulwa 657. Iza kukhokelela kwiindawo ezintsha №№ 14-20, Kryukovo, p. Blue kunye Andreevka. Ngena Zelenograd nako, sijike kufutshane d. Goretovka okanye nge ibhulorho ukuze n. Andriyivka eluhlaza.