Zonke i-wheel-drive crossovers: ukulinganiswa kweemoto, iinkcukacha

Kwiimoto ezijikeleze ihlabathi, iimfuno eziqhubekayo zinyanzeliswa. Kubalulekile ukuba imoto ibe ngokukhawuleza, ikhululekile, ibe nobuchwephesha obuphezulu kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, i-economics kwiindleko nokugcinwa. Phakathi kweeklasi eziyaziwayo, zonke i-wheel-drive-drissovers zifumana ukunyuka kwanda. Inkampani nganye eyaziwayo yemoto inommeli omnye okanye ngaphezulu kwalolu hlobo. Kule nqaku, siza kuqwalasela imoto yeklasi eyaziwayo, eyahlukana nohlu olubanzi.

Kwaye ukuba uqale nalo kulungile ukukhumbula oko imoto efihla phantsi kwegama elithi "crossover". Enye yeentsingiselo zesikolo saseNgesi "yenguqu". Kwaye le ncazelo ichaze ngokuchanekileyo imeko yembandela. Emva koko, ngokwenene i-crossover ibonakala kwi-SUV kwi-chassis elula. Ukwandiswa kwemvume kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ubukho be-wheel drive bonke buya kudukisa malunga nokupasa kwemoto. Ngoko oku kusetyenziswe isithuthi esinqamlekileyo, asiyilungiselelwe indlela. Elinye igama layo - "iphakhethi" i-SUV, okanye "i-SUV", - icacisa ngakumbi imoto. Ewe, kulungele ngakumbi ukunqoba iinqwelo zeqhwa zasezidolophini kwaye uhambe ngokukhawuleza endleleni ecocekileyo, kodwa akukho.

Isilinganiselo se-wheel-drive crossovers

Phakathi kweemoto ezithwala igama le-sonorous elithi "all-wheel-drive crossovers", kukho abameli abaninzi. Indlela elula ukuwahlula ngokwezikhulu zazo:

• Kwi sitshixo;
• Usayizi ohambelana;
• Ubukhulu obuphakathi;
• Mkhulu.

Phakathi "kwabancinci" abathandwayo kubakho i-Mini Cooper eyaziwayo. Kwaye ukuba imbonakalo ye-atypical, ebonakalisa umfanekiso wesalathisi, ayisoloko iyenza ingqiqo, ngoko kuyafaneleka ukukhwela kuyo-kwaye yonke into iyatshintsha. Ukongeza, i-mini eyaziwayo iquka i-Nissan Juke, i-Audi Q2 kunye ne-Suzuki SX4.

Ubuninzi beCrossover - ininzi. Kukho amaJamani amaninzi njenge-BMW X1 kunye ne-X3, iVolkswagen Tiguan, i-Audi Q3 kunye ne-Q5, i-Mercedes GLS kunye ne-Skoda Yeti, kunye nabameli bamaqela aseKorea namaJapan. Ukukhanya kunye nentlekiso ye-Subaru XV ne-Forester, i- Suzuki Grand Vitara, i- Nissan X-Trail ne-Qashqai, i-Mitsubishi ASX kunye ne-Toyota Rav4. Iqela elahlukileyo lakha ama-crossovers aseFransi, ekhokelwa ngu-Renault Duster.

I-Srednerazmernye crossover ijonge ngakumbi. Kukho i-Kia Sorento eyaziwayo ne-Hyandai Santa Fe, i-BMW X5, i-Nissan Murano, iVolkswagen Touareg, iPorsche Cayenne. Kukho imizekelo engaboniyo - uBentley Bentayga - ummeli oqaqambileyo oqaqambileyo weentsapho zee-crossovers.

Phakathi kwezi "giants" kulungele ukuphawula iNissan Pathfinder, i- Audi Q7 kunye ne-Mazda CX-9. Zonke i-wheel-drive crossover. I-automaton okanye umatshini umi njengolawulo, uchaza umenzi.

Ingqungquthela yaseRussia uLada Niva

Phakathi kwabameli bamaRussia abaxhasi, i-VAZ-2121 ithatha indawo yokuqala ngokuzithemba. Lo mzekelo weklastiki kwintango engama-3 kunye neenguqu ezi-5 zenguqu ngaphandle kokuba kukho utshintsho olukhulu lukhutshwa kuma-70! Inzuzo enkulu ye "Niva" kukudibanisa iimpawu ezigqithisekayo kunye neendleko. Ukucwangciswa okulula kwemoto yeLada 4 * 4 kuya kubiza i-ruble ezingama-330 zamawaka, okanye ama-5,5 ayi-dollar kwi-January rate.

Ukuba ubheka ubuchule bezobuchwepheshe be-VAZ-2121, kuyacaca apho kuvela kulolu thando oluthandwayo. Imoto, ukongeza kwi-wheel-wheel drive engunaphakade, inayo ityala elipheleleyo lokudlulisa ngejubane eliphantsi. Ukongezelela, kukho ithuba lokuvala umlinganiselo wokuhlukanisa i-interaxle. Ngokwenza oko kusengcono. Ubungakanani obulinganiseleyo bemoto kukuvumela ukuba udlulise apho kungabi khona i-UAZ yonke inqumathelo. Le yinto enokwethenjelwa yonke ivili-wheel drive ngexabiso elingenangqondo.

Kungekudala, kwakukho ukuthambekela kokuphucula imoto ethandekayo. I-Niva kunye nenqila yokuqala I-Urban ithenge i-plastic bumpers entsha, intsimbi entsha yangaphakathi, kunye ne-air conditioning kunye neefestile zamandla. Njengoko kwaziwa, le yindlela kuphela yokuqala, kwaye imoto eqhelekileyo ilindele ukuzaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwi-Niva-3. Ukuthembisa utshintsho olupheleleyo emzimbeni, injini, i gear gear kunye ne-chassis. Okubaluleke kakhulu, iAvtoVAZ ifuna ukugcina uphawu oluthile lwexabiso leLada 4 * 4. Enyanisweni, okwangoku, akukho mqhudelwano kwi-classical "Niva" eRussia.

I-French crossover Popular Duster

"I-Duster" ithandwa kakhulu eRussia ngezizathu ezininzi:

• Uyilo oluhle;
• Thuzelo;
• Izixhobo zobugcisa;
• Ukuthembeka;
• Iindleko.

Kwabaninzi abaqhelanisi bama-crossovers, ukhetho oluhle yi-Renault Daster. Iipakethi kunye namaxabiso "wesiFrentshi" baye bamangaliswa iminyaka emininzi. Okwangoku, izixhobo eziphambili I-Duster iindleko malunga ne-ruble ezingama-490 zamawaka, okanye malunga ne-8,000 zamaRandi kwizinga likaJanuwari. Ukuphakanyiswa okuphezulu kwe-205-210 cm, induduzo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexabiso elisezantsi (5.3 ilitha ye-diesel fuel per 100 km ye-diesel version) - iingenelo zayo.

I-Duster ayinaso ukuphuka, kodwa isantya sayo sokuqala sihlawulela le ntsilelo. Inketho ekhangayo kakhulu yokusetyenziswa kwepetrothi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepetroli, kunjalo, idizili. Ukuqulunqa kwakhe ngokuqinisekileyo kwisantya esincinci sesantya sokuqala kuyamangalisa. Yingakho kubaninzi, i-crossover ethandekayo yiReulty Daster. Iipakethi kunye namaxabiso ngokuhlaziywa ngo-2013 azange zitshintshe kakhulu. Unokuhlawula ngokuthe xaxa kwizinto ozikhethayo.

ICrossover yaseCzech Republic eRashiya - Skoda Yeti

Inguqulelo entsha ye "Skoda Yeti" ibonakala ifana kakhulu ne "Tiguan" esuka kwiVW. Kwaye akumangalisi, kuba imoto inene kakhulu. Ndiyabulela ukuzaliswa kwesiJalimane "se-snowman", iiCzech ziye zaba yimoto engcono . "I-Skoda Yeti" ithengwa kakuhle ngabathengisi baseRashiya beemoto ezilungileyo. Nangona kuthengiswa kwexabiso lentengo yesiseko ye-ruble yezigidi ezili-1, imoto inabantu abaninzi abanolwazi kunye nabanini.

Yintoni ekhangayo kakhulu nge-crossover yaseCzech? Apha, ukudibanisa iimpawu ezinamandla, induduzo kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala kuza kuqala. Ukuthenjwa nokukhawuleza "i-Skoda" inokuxhotyiswa ngeenjini ezi-7 ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa. Ingqikithi kukho i-3 iphetroli kunye neyunithi ye-diesel units units. Ngokuphathelele ulawulo, oko kukuthi, njengomatshini, nomatshini kunye ne-robot. Phakathi kwazo zonke iinketho, into ekhangayo yi-2-litre injini ye-diesel ene-184 "amahashe". Ngelo xesha, ukusetyenziswa kwe-diesel fuel nge-100 km akudluli i-7 liters.

Zonke i-wheel drive zangama-Chinese crossovers

Umbono "wobunjani baseTshayina" waguqula uphawu lwawo maxesha amaninzi. Ukuba kwi-USSR impahla yaseTshayina yaxabiswa kwaye idume ngokusemgangathweni, emva kokuwa kwayo yonke into ishintshile. Imoto yaseChina ekuqaleni yayikukho nje iikopi zabo zaseJapane naseYurophu "oogxa." Umgangatho wamashumi emva kutshanje ngumgangatho okhulayo kunye nophuhliso lwalo kwimveliso yezimoto. Ukuba uChery Tiggo wokuqala wayengumthengi weToyota Rav 4 ongezantsi, namhlanje i-wheel-crossovers iyayixabisa yonke into.

Phakathi kweempawu ezidumileyo eRussia zininzi:

• Hover, okanye Hoval.
• Lifan.
• Hlonipha.
• Chery.
• Ubuchule.

Ummeli oqaqambileyo we-wheel drive yonke yeChina i-crossover iya kuba yi-Vrilliance V3. Iimpawu eziqhaqhazelisayo kunye nobugcisa obuhle kakhulu ngobukhulu be-"packets". Iyunithi ye-diesel ye-1.5-litre phantsi kwe-hood yinkqubela yenkampani.

Ukuthetha malunga namaChina angamaqhina, kunyanzelekile ukukhankanya uChery Tiggo, oye wahlaziywa kumzimba wesithathu, kunye noLifan ngenombolo ye-serial X80. Lo mzekelo ngumzekelo we "parketnik" enkulu kwaye akanalo xabiso elincinane. Umthamo oqhelekileyo wokwandisa umgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kweemoto zaseTshayina kuye kwabangela ukwanda kwendalo kwindleko yabo. Ngoko, iLifan X80 iya kubiza i-ruble eziyi-1 yezigidi. Olunye uphawu oludumile lwesiTshayina nguHover, okanye i-Hoval. Kuba namhlanje le nkampani idayiswa ngempumelelo eRashiya kwaye imelwa yimveli kwii-5 kunye neyesithupha.

I-crossover ebiza kakhulu kwi-drive epheleleyo

Ngokutsho kwemithombo emininzi, indima ye-crossover ebiza kakhulu iyifanelekile i-Spyker D8 iPeking-to-Paris. Ekuqaleni, igama lemodeli kufuneka libe yinombolo 12. Kodwa ekubeni injini yayinyuke ku-8-, ingeyi-12-cyilinder, imile kwi-D8. Imoto enhle yenziwa yinqumle-ngqekembe kwintengo yama-dollar ayi-300. Ngaphansi kwe-hood iyinjini ye-petroleji eyi-6.2-liter kunye ne-660 "amahashe", ukuphuhlisa i-100 km / h ngemizuzwana emihlanu kuphela. Isantya esiphezulu semoto ngu-300 km / h.

Ukubonakala kweSpyker D8 ngokukhawuleza kubonisa ukuba kubiza kwaye kuyinto enhle imoto iphambi kwethu. Ingaphakathi langaphandle liyabonakala. I-salon yonke igubungelwe ngesikhumba esincinci esinobucayi, sinika isimbozo esihle. Ngaphakathi ifriji ifakwe kunye nokubonelelwa komoya obandayo ukusuka kwimoya yomoya. Ngaphakathi kwintsimbi, i-carbon ne-aluminium isetyenziswa. Zonke i-wheel-drive-drissovers ezifana ne-BMW uchungechunge X okanye i-Porsche Cayenne malunga nemvelaphi ye "Spyker" ibheka nje izihlobo ezimbi.

I-speed speed crossover

Kubonakala ngathi, ngubani ovela kwi-crossover anokukhawuleza ngaphezu kwezona zinto zibiza kakhulu - iSpyker? Kuvela ukuba umdlalo wezemidlalo we-German "parketnik" i-BMW X6M ikhawuleza ukuya kwikhulu lokuqala kwiimitha ezi-4.2. Iinjini zayo ngo-575 "amahashe" zingasasaza imoto ukuya kwi-280 km / h, kwaye ukuba wenze ukulungiswa okukhethekileyo, kwaye ufike kuma-320 km / h. Ngenxa yesantya esinjalo, injini yemoto inomthamo othobekileyo we-4.4 ilitha, kodwa zifakwe ezimbini ze-turbochargers. Ukutshintshela iigesi kwi-BMW X6M, ukuhanjiswa kwe-othomathiki ye-8 kunye neyunithi ekhethekileyo yecomputer efakwe, leyo inika iinguqu ezikufutshane.

I-crossover encinci ayithethi

Phakathi kwe-parquet mini SUVs kuyafaneleka ukuphawula iJapane Suzuki Kei - yonke i-wheel-drive crossovers. Ukulinganisa kwabo akukona kakhulu, kodwa ubukhulu obuhle, kunye ne-0.66- kunye ne-1-litre injini. Ubude bemoto ngu 3.4 emitha. Kuphela kwe-60 cm ubude kunomncinci kumbali ye-crossover Fiat Panda, eyaqulunqwa ngaphambi ko-1991. Okumangalisa kukuba kukho iimilo ezimbini zeendawo kwiimoto. I-wheel drive yonke inika indawo ezinzileyo kwindlela kwidolophu ekhethiweyo ekhephu. Ukusetyenziswa kweelitha ezingama-5,5 nge-100 km kuyamkholisa nantoni na.

I-Crossovers enegunya eliphezulu lomhlaba

Kuyaziwa ukuba enkulu imvula yomhlaba, kulula kakhulu ukunqoba izithintelo. Ngemvume engaphezu kwama-16 cm, unokuhamba ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwemida, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuxhamla. Amanqwanqwa amaninzi-wheel-drive axing ne-high ground clearance ayifinyelele kwi-SUV zangempela. Emva koko, u-UAZ ofanayo kunye namavili aphezulu anesigxina se-300 mm. Kodwa phakathi kwe "parketnikov" inokuthi ichongwe abagcini berekhodi.

Inye yesiRashiya "i-Niva" inesigxina somhlaba esingu-220 mm, esaphinda siphonononge iimpawu zayo ezintle. Ngendlela efanayo, i-Land Rover E-Voque ihamba. Phantse i-200 mm (197) ine-crossover yaseJapan ebizwa ngokuba yi-Toyota Rav 4.

ICrossover-giant

I-crossover enkulu kakhulu ithathwa njengeChevrolet Suburban. Ubude bayo buyi-5.7 yamitha ububanzi obungaphezulu kweemitha ezimbini. Ngaphambili, le moto yayiyi-SUV epheleleyo. Emva kokuba utshintshe iimpawu ezinamandla zelizwe eliphambili kwi-fuel economy kunye neendleko ezipheleleyo, imoto iyawina kuphela. Emva koko, abo banqwenelayo kwaye banethuba lokufumana umntu ontle mhle baye baba ngakumbi.

Isiphelo

Ihlabathi leemoto ezihamba kakuhle zendlela zihlala zikhula. I-wheel-drive engxowankulu iqhubela phambili kwaye iyimoto yeentsapho ezingenakudliwa kunye naluphi na amandla. Njengoko kwavela, kukho iincinane "ipakethi", kunye nama-supercrossovers ashukumisayo, anika iingxaki kwezinye iimoto zezemidlalo.