20 acid le ndlela, igama letheyibhile

Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba umntu nokugcina inqanaba eliphezulu imfuneko protein - uhlobo lwe kwezihlunu komzimba ukwakha; i protein yenziwa asidi acid 20, amagama apho akunakwenzeka ukuba baya kuthi, umsebenzi ofisi zesiqhelo. Wonke umntu, ingakumbi xa sithetha ngayo amabhinqa, wakha weva collagen kunye ngekeratini - iiproteni ukuba banoxanduva imbonakalo lezikhonkwane, ulusu neenwele.

acid - ntoni na?

acid (okanye aminocarboxylic acid; AMK; peptides) - ulungelelwaniso ngowe-16% equlathe amine - avela kweziphilayo Ammonium - eyahlula kubo carbohydrate lipids. Bona inxaxheba biosynthesis leeprothini ngumzimba: kwinkqubo yokwetyisa phantsi kwempembelelo enqanda, zonke iiproteni evela ukutya lwaphulwa AMC phantsi. Yonke indalo, kukho malunga 200 peptides, kodwa ekwakheni umzimba womntu abandakanyeka kuzo zonke 20 asidi kubalulekile acid, ezo yahlulwe kubalulekile yokuchitha; maxa wambi kukho udidi lwesithathu - poluzamenimye (ngokuqgibeleleyo exchangeable).

acid yokuchitha

acid yokuchitha zezo zinto zombini ufukame ukutya, kwaye kukhutshelwe ngqo emzimbeni womntu kwezinye izinto.

• Alanine - monomer na inani elikhulu iikhompawundi yebhayoloji kunye neeproteni. Enta elinye iphecana gluconeogenesis elibalaseleyo, ngamanye esibindini aguqulwa ukuba glucose, yaye vice versa. Ilungu esebenzayo kakhulu kwiinkqubo pathways emzimbeni.
• Arginine - AMC ukuba kuhlanganiswa kumzimba omdala kodwa akakwazi kudibaniso emzimbeni umntwana. Ukhuthaza imveliso hormone ukukhula kunye nabanye. Kuphela othwala initrogen emzimbeni. Ikhuthaza anda kwemisipha mass nokwehla namanqatha.
• Asparagine - a peptide ababandakanyekayo nitrogen ukutya. Ngexesha ukusabela kunye enzyme asparaginase lusicande of ammonia kwaye iguqulelwa aspartic acid.
• Aspartic acid - inxaxheba ekudaleni immunoglobulin deactivates ammonia. ezizuzwa eziyimfuneko xa zeenkqubo Wayesoyika sentliziyo.
• Histidine - isetyenziselwa nokuthintela kunye nokunyanga izifo zesisu; Kuye iziphumo ezincumisayo kumlo ochasene AIDS. Khusela umzimba kwimiphumo eyingozi uxinezeleko.
• Glycine - neuromediatory acid acid. Zisetyenziswa sine wobulali kunye nearhente bucala. It kwandisa isiphumo iziyobisi ezithile neuroprotective.
• Glutamine - unyuse enkulu yinxalenye mpilo. Isilumeki lweenkqubo ukulungiswa kwithishyu.
• Glutamic acid - ngandlela neuromediator, kudaleke iinkqubo pathways kwi CNS.
• Proline - yenye amacandelo phantse kuzo zonke iiprothini. Bazizityebi ngakumbi elastin kunye collagen, onoxanduva isikhumba luthambe.
• Serine - AMC, nto leyo equlethwe luvo lobuchopho, kwaye ikhuthaza nokukhululwa izixa ezikhulu amandla. Kuyinto yemvelaphi glycine.
• Tyrosine - yolunye izicwili izilwanyana kunye nezityalo. It olunokuveliswa ukusuka phenylalanine le hydroxylase enzyme phenylalanine; inkqubo reverse lwenzeka.
• Cysteine - njengenye yeekhomponenti zenziwe ngekeratini onoxanduva ukuqina kunye luthambe kweenwele, iinzipho nolusu. Naye i antioxidant. It ezihlanganisiweyo serine.

acid abakwazi ukuba nokulungelelanisa emzimbeni - kubalulekile

asidi Essential acid zezo akanako esiyidalayo umzimba womntu uyakwazi ukwenza kuphela ukutya.

• Valine - AMC, nto leyo iqulethwe phantse zonke iiprothini. Oku kuphucula nolungelelwaniso zezihlunu kwaye yehlise ubuntununtunu umzimba ukuba utshintsho obushushu. Ixhasa eliphezulu hormone serotonin.
• Isoleucine - a steroid zendalo ngexesha igcwala lwamandla ukonyuswa izihlunu kunye isicwili sobuchopho.
• Leucine - iasidi acid, leyo kuphucula ukutya. It is a uhlobo 'umakhi "isakhiwo protein.
• Ezi AMC ezintathu kwakucingwa ukuba BCAA ebizwa njalo-complex, ingakumbi ethandwayo phakathi abadlali. Substances yalomthetho qela njengomthombo ngenxa yokwanda ubunzima imisipha, ukunciphisa ubunzima ezityebileyo nokugcina impilo entle umthambo ingakumbi kakhulu.
• Lysine - peptide nokukhawulezisa ngokutsha izicwili, ukuveliswa iihomoni, enzyme antibodies. Inoxanduva lokuphendla ngamandla iimpahla equlethwe kwiproteni kwezihlunu kunye collagen.
• Methionine - pronimaet ababandakanyekayo Yindibanisela choline, ukunqongophala nto leyo ekhokelele ekunyukeni nokwanda kwamafutha esibindini.
• Threonine - unika luthambe kunye namandla imisipha. A nemiphumo emihle kakhulu kwi imisipha intliziyo nezinyo lwawo.
• Tryptophan - ixhasa urhulumente ngokweemvakalelo, njengokuba umzimba iguqula ibe serotonin. Ingaba ziluncedo ukudandatheka kunye nezinye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
• Phenylalanine - Buyiphucula imbonakalo eluswini, normalizes nombala. Ixhasa kakuhle-ntle ngokwasengqondweni, ukuphucula isimo kunye ukuzisa ukucaca engqondweni.

Ezinye iindlela ngezigaba peptides

Kwicala acid 20 kubalulekile lwezenzululwazi zihlelwe ngokusekelwe ezichaseneyo chain icala, okt radicals. Ngoko ke, amaqela zine ahluka: non-polar, polar (kodwa uncharged), ngokuqinisekileyo ityala kwaye embi ityala.

Nonpolar zezi: valine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glycine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, proline. Ngenxa yoko, i polar, ukuba intlawulo ezimbi ziquka asidi aspartic kunye glutamic. Polar, ukuba intlawulo entle, ekuthiwa arginine, histidine, lysine. Kuba acid ukuba wokwephuka kodwa ukuba akukho ntlawulo zabangelwa cysteine, glutamine, serine, tyrosine, threonine, asparagine.

20 acid ye kwifomula (Table I)

Ngokusekelwe kule, oko kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke 20 acid (yokubala kule theyibhile ilapha ngasentla) iqanjwa carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen neoksijini.

acid: yokuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yeseli

asidi Aminocarboxylic bayabandakanyeka eziphilayo protein yokuqaphela. protein biosynthesis - le yokulinganisa le polypeptide ( "ninzi" - eninzi) chain zeentsalela acid acid. Le nqubo wabe lo ribosome - organelle ngaphakathi esiseleni, ayinaxanduva ngokuthe ngqo biosynthesis.

Ulwazi olufundwa ukusuka kwi DNA umcu isabelo ngokusekelwe complementarity (A-T, C-G), xa kudalwa i mRNA (isithunywa RNA okanye mRNA - isithunywa RNA - ukukhetha amagama) nitrogen isiseko thymine luthathelwa uracil. Ke konke ngendlela efanayo kudala tRNA (transfer RNA), ohambisa indlela iimolekyuli acid acid ukuya kwindawo yokuqaphela. T-RNA code by ezintathu (codons) (umzekelo: WOW), yaye ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni iziseko nitrogen amelwe triplet, ungabona ukuba uthwele ntoni uhlobo acid acid.

Amaqela okutya kunye nomxholo iphezulu AMK

Xa iimveliso zobisi kunye namaqanda ziqulathe izinto ezibalulekileyo, ezifana valine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, tryptophan, methionine kunye phenylalanine. Intlanzi, inyama omhlophe enesiqulatho ophezulu valine, leucine, isoleucine, histidine, methionine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan. Imidumba, cereal kunye neenkozo huma valine, leucine, isoleucine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, methionine. Neenkozo zepistasi, nembewu ezahlukeneyo Akothusi ukufumanisa ukuba umzimba kunye threonine, isoleucine, lysine, arginine kunye histidine.

Apha ngezantsi kunikwe umongo acid acid kwezinye iimveliso.

Isixa omkhulu tryptophan kunye methionine sivakala lo sisi eziqinileyo, lysine - inyama umvundla, valine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, phenylalanine, yaye - kwiimbotyi. Xa ebhala ukutya esekelwe ekugcinweni AMC eziqhelekileyo, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo squid nee-ertyisi, kwaye abona ngokwemigaqo umxholo peptides ingabizwa iitapile kunye ubisi lwenkomo.

Ukungabikho acid kunye imifino

Ukuba kukho acid ezinjalo, leyo iqulethwe kuphela neemveliso zezilwanyana, - intsomi. Ngaphezu koko, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba protein izityalo-impiriyali ukuba zifunxwe ngumzimba izakhamzimba womntu ngaphezu isilwanyana. Noko ke, xa ukhetha imifino njengendlela yokuphila kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba balandele yokudla. Ingxaki ephambili yeyokuba ikhulu iigrem inyama umlinganiselo ofanayo iimbotyi eziqulethwe izixa ezahlukeneyo Bun kwi pesenti. Ekuqaleni, kufuneka ukuba ungagcina umkhondo isiqulatho acid acid ukutya bagqitywe, ngoko oku kumele ukuba beze automatism.

Yintoni na inani acid ziphele ngosuku

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, ngokupheleleyo zonke kutya ziqulathe izondlo ezifunekayo ukuze umntu, ngoko ungakhathazeki: zonke acid asidi 20 protein kufika ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokutya, yaye esi sixa kwanele ukuba umntu ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kancinane tracking otya ngayo.

Ekudleni womdlali kuyimfuneko ukuba kuwanelisa protein, kuba ngaphandle bona nje akunakwenzeka ukwakha ubunzima kwezihlunu. Ukuzilolonga kukhokelela neendleko ezinkulu acid imfuyo, ngoko bodybuilders abaqeqeshiweyo banyanzelwa ukuba ukuthatha izongezo ezizodwa. Nge olunzulu isakhiwo izihlunu uncedo isixa leeprothini ungaba kuze omnye ezilikhulu grams leeprothini ngosuku, kodwa ukudla ayikho ekufaneleyo ukutyiwa ngemihla. Nayiphi songezelelo ukutya iquka imiyalelo kunye umxholo ezahlukeneyo AMC kwi idosi ekufuneka ifundwe phambi kokusebenzisa imveliso.

Isiphumo peptides phezu kwabantu umgangatho ubomi obuqhelekileyo

Imfuneko iproteni ekhoyo nje kuphela abadlali. Umzekelo, iiproteni elastin, zenziwe ngekeratini, collagen kuchaphazela ukubonakala iinwele, ulusu kunye nezikhonkwane, kwakunye nezimo kunye nokuhamba amalungu. A Inani asidi acid kuchaphazela iinkqubo pathways emzimbeni, ukugcina intsalela amanqatha kwinqanaba eliphezulu, esinika amandla ngokwaneleyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Enyanisweni, kule nkqubo ubomi nkqu ngeyona ndlela kwisixando yobomi kufuna amandla, ubuncinane ngenxa ukuphefumla. imisebenzi Ngaphezu engenakwenzeka and cognitive kunye nokunqongophala peptides ezithile; nokugcinwa wombuso ngokwasengqondweni-ngokweemvakalelo oluqhutywa kubandakanya AMC.

acid kunye Sports

Nokutya midlalo lubonisa ukutya ngokugqibeleleyo elungeleleneyo, nto leyo inceda ukugcina kwezihlunu. Ngokwenene ukwenza ubomi lula kwizakhiwo acid acid, esenzelwe ngokukodwa abo iimbaleki abasebenza kwi isethi mass kwezihlunu.

Njengoko sele kuchaziwe ngaphambili, acid - iibloko zokwakha ezingundoqo iiprotheni eziyimfuneko ukuze ukukhula kwezihlunu. Kwakhona, ukuba uyakwazi ukukhawulezisa nethe aqhumisele ngamanqatha, nto leyo nayo ibalulekile ukuba isiqabu elihle dystrophy. Xa uqeqesho kunzima kuyimfuneko ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa AMC ngenxa yokuba ukwandisa izinga lokukhula bemisipha ubuhlungu emva umthambo.

20 acid xa iiproteni ukuba zidliwe njengenxalenye izakhiwo acid, ngokunjalo ekutyeni. Ukuba ukhetha ukutya esilungeleleneyo, ngoko kufuneka siqwalasele yonke grammovki ukuba kunzima ukuqonda kunye nomthwalo onzima imini.

Kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni womntu xa ukunqongophala okanye agqithisile asidi acid

Iimpawu eziphambili yokunqongophala acid zezi: uziva mnandi, ukungabi namdla, izikhonkwane nkum ukudinwa. Nokuba AMC ukungabikho omnye lifumana inani elikhulu yeziphumo ezibi imoshe kakhulu impilo kunye nemveliso.

Kwaneliswe le acid kungakhokelela ekubeni yokuphazamiseka kwiinkqubo sentliziyo luvo, nto leyo, akukho akanangozi. Xa iimpawu zakhe Naye efanayo eziyityhefu ukutya khona, nto leyo nayo iBhayibhile ithetha into emnandi.

Bonke kufuneka bazi ukuba ayeke nini, ngoko ukunamathela ngendlela yokuphila esempilweni kufuneka kungakhokelela neCAPS ezithile 'luncedo' izinto emzimbeni. Njengoko wabhala Classic, "ezona -. Utshaba okulungileyo"

Kweli nqaku kwakhona amabango kunye namagama abo bonke 20 asidi acid, netafile ephambili okuqulethwe kule iimveliso AMK ezinikwe apha ngentla.