Adubula uluhlu 120 mm udaka. Udaka uluhlu badubula

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 kwintlangano impi zomkhosi lafika ixesha lokuba utshintsho. Nangona emacaleni alwayo wemba, bemba imingxuma kunye multiport ebiyelweyo off ngocingo oluhlabayo, onke amandla nokusetyenziswa kompu, ukususela afohlela ukuya imipu umatshini nezixhobo ezinamandla umlilo kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu mlilo.

wire oluhlabayo udela zokudubula umlilo, leyo wasidiliza umkhosi yotshaba. Kwakhona wabatshabalalisa iinqaba, kodwa elihamba kotshaba wazifihla ngasemva emingxunyeni enzulu nokuba azilawule kwiindawo ezininzi zange zilimale. Yintoni ukwenza ntoni?
Imbonakalo udaka kwi edabini kakhulu watshintsha ukulingana kwamandla. Kwakhona, ubuninzi ukudubula uluhlu mortars waba yayibaluleke isicelo esibhaliweyo sokutshintsha maqhinga, hayi kuphela kwiimfazwe, kodwa ukulwa ezidolophini.

Ibumba lokuqala Russian

Ngokwembali, ukukhankanywa yokuqala ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo yokujula projectiles kumgaqo nodaka ekhankanywe ngexesha leMfazwe Russian-Japanese 1904 - 1905 gg.

Xa Izitora ePort Arthur yaba eninzi ulwandle imizuzu Shestova. Baba intsimbi iqokobhe imilo etsobhileyo esibondeni oli-15 ubude. LoSetyenziso ngokudubula iingcinga "oonokrwece" loo wanikwa kumthetheli L. N. Gobyato. Ukuze le njongo kwagqitywa ukuba kusetyenziswe 47 mm olunye-umphanda gun Gochinksa ukuba oku belucwangcisiwe ku inqwelo nobu-, nto leyo yanceda ukuba ukwandisa angle umphakamo ukusuka 45 ° ukuya ° 65.
Phambi umphanda adubula ndafakwa esibondeni zam (kwipali asisifutshane) kunye isipha, leyo ngaxeshanye ukhonza buffer ngexesha ukudubula. Wabeka emva emkhonweni nentlawulo.

Ukuba kuzinziswe kwimigodi zibhabha ngayo anikezelweyo chetyrohlepestnym somfanekiso. Beqhumisa uluhlu ngodaka lalisandul 'ukusuka-40 ukuya kuma-400 mitha, kwaye zam evelisa umonakalo omkhulu ngexesha dubulo. Kwaye ke ayimangalisi, ukususela isigxina sam yomkhosi wamanzi kunye nomkhosi ubunzima 6.2 kg!

amaxesha nodaka kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Ngo-Agasti 1941, eSoviet Union iKomiti Defense wagqiba ukunyusa ubungakanani umba mortars 120 mm. Yaba smoothbore inkqubo engqongqo kunye we unxantathu. Ilayisha nodaka kwenzeka ukusuka isicheme.

Adubula qondo 120 mm nodaka kwi engile ezahlukeneyo leHamas 460 m ukuya 5700 m (zokudubula-engile ukusuka 45 ° ukuya kuma-80 °).

Ukongeza, mortars babonelelwa absorbers mothuko amawele kwaye wakhuph 'umpu eziya kuphucula iimpawu yokulwa.

Mortars 1955

Amava ukulwa ukusetyenziswa imipu-mm 120 of kwisampula 1943 wasiwa ingqalelo xa kudalwa nodaka regimental ngo-1955. Uphuhliso nodaka le kwako lwaqhutywa phantsi kolawulo BI Shavyrina. Xa ubunzima efanayo noluhlu 120 mm ngodaka yanyuswa kwaye km 7.1.

nokuchaneka kudubula ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• i-avareji ukuphambuka zisecaleni 12.8 m;
• median ukukhetha kuluhlu 28.4 m.

Ngesingqusho ukuba basiwe badubula isikhundla ukuba imizuzu 1.5.

yenethiwekhi ngodaka "Tundzha"

Uphuhliso lofakelo self-ngokwaso yaqala ngo-1965 njengoko isisu semoto kusetyenziswa spetstyagach gun MT-LB. Nodaka M-120 (2B11) ezigcinwe kwi istili kumatshini. udaka owandayo imeko zomkhosi ulungiselelwe ngendlela yokuba kwipleyiti isiseko waphumla emhlabeni, kwaye umphanda ngexesha elifanayo ngokuthanda matshini.

ubunzima nezikhali-16 kg, 120 mm uhlobo nodaka:

• 0-843A;
• 3-843A;
• 0-843 nabanye.

Beqhumisa uluhlu 120 mortars mm, m:

• 480-7100.

ziqondisa angles:

• nkqo 45 ° -80 °;
• ± oxwesileyo 5 ~ 26).

Izinga kwiimeko yokulwa, RDS / min .:

• 10.

Nezikhali, imigodi:

• 60.

complex ngodaka "Sunny"

Ngowe-1979 kwiingalo yasetyenziswa 120 mm ezintsonkothileyo "Sunny." Oku kuquka:

• Ngodaka 2F510;
• irabha-udiniwe stroke 2L81 (detachable);
• 2F510 izithuthi imoto (ndingaz-66-05 base).

Ezichanekileyo beqhumisa uluhlu 120 mm ngodaka:

• ukusuka-480 ukuya 7100 m.

rate:

• 15 rounds ngomzuzu.

Nodaka lixhotyiswe izixhobo abalibona:

• Ukubona MPM-44M;
• gun collimator K2-1;
• Ray-P2M isixhobo ukukhanyisa.

Uluhlu ngqo komlilo udaka, ilawulwa KM-8 arsenal:

• 9.0 km.

Ukuzibekela "Nona-S"

Isiqhelo yangoku kwezikhali nodaka kuncitshiswa ukuba kokudityaniswa 120 mortars mm kunye kunaso breech-ukulayisha howitzers zokudubula. SAU phantsi kwegama le 2S9 "Nona-S", bafakwa inkonzo ngo-1976, unako ngokudubula zombini oonokrwece ziphangwe nasemigodini kunye nento ephakathi, ethi ichaphazele uluhlu ukwanda lomlilo ngemipu-120 mm.

Amathuba "Nona-S" ukwandiswa kakhulu kwaye ukuvumela ukuba isicelo oko kuphela ukucinezela amandla alo utshaba; kodwa ukuba balitshabalalise iinqaba, ukuba alwe umlo ngempumelelo kunye kwiitanki.

Ngokuba ukusetyenziswa ezintabeni, "Nona-S" kukhulu buyafuneka, njengoko ephakanyiswe lokugcina le umphanda sele inxaxheba kule kwezithandani lokuSetyenziswa kwaMandla oLuntu ukuba ayifumaneki howitzers okanye imipu.

Into ebalulekileyo lincinane kakhulu kunye noluhlu 120 mm ngodaka:

• projectile - 1700 m;
• ngokuba m - 400 m.

Ngoko ke, lo iimbumbulu luquka nodaka 120 mm:

• uqhagamshelwano lwetshiphu emsebenzi-edubulayo;
• ukukhanyisa;
• umsi;
• sigade.

ukudubula Practical isukela phezulu ukuya km 7.1.

imo Izinga (7-8 kuqhume) ngomzuzu ezinikezelwa rammer oluzenzekelayo. Emva umgqomo ladubula gun ziyashenxiswa phantsi koxinzelelo kunye umoya ukwazi ukuba ukususwa zegesi powder.

"Vienna"

Ngowe-1995 wadala 2S31 Vena imipu self-ngokwaso, "Vienna", apho uluhlu nodaka leHamas-120 mm ukuya kwiimitha 14,000.

ufakelo ezakhiwe ngayo iquka:

• amaqokobhe eliphezulu-edubulayo PF - 49 PF - 54;
• esebenzayo-izidubuli iqokobhe OF50;
• projectiles oluqhelekileyo ;
• Ukuba zingasetyenziswa zonke iintlobo emthethweni nodaka 120 mm ukuvuleka, ngaphandle omsebenzi nabaphesheya;
• evuthayo ekhokelwa "Kitolov -. 2m"

angle ngokukhomba moya nkqo phakathi -4 ° ku + 80 °. Ukubuyisela kwilori ngokuzenzekelayo emva shot nganye.

guns nezikhali - 70 ukudubula wokulwa pack, kwaye kananjalo babe nethuba kubonelela izixhobo emhlabeni ngokusebenzisa ngemigca exweseneyo ekhethekileyo lomkhumbi kunye langaphandle vehicles.
Ukudubula uluhlu mortars mihla esoloko ukwandisa kunye nokusetyenziswa CAO like "Vienna" uba kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo.

"Umamkeli '

Ngocoselelo yala maxesha howitzer 120 mm, kunye noluhlu ofikelela 13 km, "Inginginya" lifumene inqaba setyhula ukujikeleza entsha. Kwakhona ifakiwe amacandelo kunye ezintsha ukusuka 2S31 Vena "Vienna" 2S23 "Nona" SVK. Kulo mzekelo, kwisisu semoto kwakhona yala maxesha Zempi MT-DB.

Umahluko engundoqo eziphuculiweyo gun 2A80-1, oko exhotyiswe kusisithintelo isicheme. Yeyiphi zandisa ireyithi amaxesha 2 nomlilo ngokupheleleyo zonke iintlobo-120 mm amaqokobhe ukuvuleka:

• uqhagamshelwano lwetshiphu emsebenzi-edubulayo;
• yeyam;
• amaqokobhe mihla 3FOF112 "Kitolov-2".

Le shooting Inkqubo ngodaka entsha 2S34 "Hosta" ingaqhuba iye ngaphandle sokuqeqeshwa kuphela umlilo ngqo, kodwa ekwaziyo ukubetha iithagethi kumathambeka elingemva eziphakamileyo.

izinga lakhe abalibona iye yangcono ukusukela rounds-4 ukuya ku-9 ngomzuzu.

udaka mfutho

Kunye ne-SAO udidi "Sunny" kwi Russian Army wafika kwaye mfutho:

• 2B16 "Nona - K";
• 2B23 "Nona M1".

Noko ke, abazange baye balahlekelwa iimpawu zabo zokulwa njengoko CAO.

Loo kuye kwavela imfuneko yokubonelela zokudubula imikhosi yazo ukubetha desantno-. Xa asakhasayo "Nona K" izixhobo ngodaka 2B16. Wasiwa ingqalelo amava yokulwa e Afghanistan. Sebenzisa olu hlobo ngodaka wavunywa ngo 1986.

Sele ngo-2007, umkhosi Russian iye yamkela 120 mm 2B23 "NONA - M1". Umpu senziwa ngenxa yokwaphuka bobabini abasebenzi yotshaba kunye nezithuthi ukukhanya vehicles.

Kwakhona ngodaka 2B23 iibhetri nodaka bebexhotyiswa kunye namajoni emhlabeni. Kusetyenziswa le imikhosi indize kwakukho nengozi igqampe moya kumaqonga ngokukodwa izixhobo. Kule nezikhali nodaka ibandakanya zonke iintlobo imiz 120 mm.

Ezi mortars baye emfazweni wahlolwa ezahlukeneyo iingxabano zasekuhlaleni.

izibonelelo Modern ngodaka ukudubula uluhlu-120 mm ukusuka iimitha ezingama-400 ukuya 7000, akakwazi sisoloko sithembele ngexesha iimbumbulu inkonzo nesiphekepheke. Ngoko ke, lo utyekelo ukuba basebenzise izixhobo ezifana ngexesha umlo kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa iintlawulo mm udaka 120 ukusuka imikhosi kwamanye amazwe. Ukusetyenziswa ifomula enjalo kuvumela inkxaso-mlilo emvelo kwintsimi yotshaba.