Machine gun Goryunova: iimpawu kunye photo

7.62mm Goryunov (SG-43) is a eSoviet kumatshini ngompu oluzenzekelayo isixhobo isampula 1943 zixhonywe oomatshini ngamavili, swivels kunye nezithuthi vehicles.

Yintoni indawo i "Mxim"?

Ngu ekuqaleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II ingxaki kwezixhobo zenqanaba nomkhosi inkxaso nomkhosi - umatshini gun - zaye ayilungiseki. "Mxim" simi phezu iingalo Red Army waba inani lokusilela ezibalulekileyo, ukoyisa oko akwenzeki. Le esingundoqo yayintle umpu womatshini ubunzima - .. nciphisa, okt ezaliswe ngamanzi wamwisela, ubunzima baso baba 63 kg. Musa ukongeza izibonelelo Ukupholisa amanzi "Mxim", ngoko indlela yokufumana amanzi phezu ledabi Kudla ngokuba nzima, ukuba ngeke kwenzeke. Ukongeza, iziqwenga kunye iimbumbulu lula yonakele istili, wabangela Asinakusebenziseka.

izicwangciso zokuqala ukubuyisela umpu umatshini "Mxim" DS-39 imodeli ukusebenza azizange, t. To. Sixhobo wawunzima kwemveliso kunye nokusebenza, ongathembekanga kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi kunye nothuli. Ngenxa yoko, i-DC-39 Waziqhiwula yena emarikeni.

ukuguqulwa SHG

NgoMeyi 1942, waqala ukuba isakhiwo esitsha phantsi umpu 7.62 mm iCartridge. Kukho imidlalo SHG, nto leyo 1940 ngempumelelo uvavanyo kwi-mveliso.

Goryunov Umatshini gun yaphuhliswa kwi Kovrov Mechanical Plant Peter Maksimovich Goryunov, umtshana wakhe uMikayeli, kwakunye master Vasiliem Voronkovym isityalo. Oonobumba bokuqala ifani - SHG - yaye igama izixhobo.

Kodwa iRed Army babefuna ukhetho ngoM kunye Goryunov nompu ukuqhelana imisebenzi emitsha.

iimvavanyo ngempumelelo

Emva kokugqiba iimvavanyo mveliso ekupheleni kuka-1942 i-uguqulelo zaphuculwa senziwa isixa amaqhosha 50, 45 apho bathunyelwa amajoni. Ezi ziphumo kwaba HIV. Emva kokuba izimvo kunye noku kuqhwalela ezichongiweyo entwasahlobo emva 1943 umpu Goryunov ke inxaxheba kuvavanyo karhulumente. Eyona nowethu ephambili SHG zaphuculwa DC-43, kwakunye njengezixhobo, ziveliswe eJamani, njengokuba yokhetho utshintsho kakhulu le German MG-34 zawo ukwenzela ukuba umpu Mosin kunye ukwamkelwa wayo ekugqibeleni Red Army. Noko ke, kwacaca ukuba iCartridge umbayimbayi yiSoviet ezisetyenziswa akangekhe ngenxa yobukho umlebe. Machine gun Goryunova emalini ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwikhompyutha eesampuli LT-43 ukuze ezifana iparameters owaphakamayo njengoko iyahlala nokuchaneka.

Emva kokuba wayeqhelene iziphumo zezi mvavanyo Degtyaryov Stalin ngokobuqu ngokuthi ukongama imodeli Goryunov, kunye nemfuneko, ukuba ziwuthimbe on ebhodini. Ukongeza, ukuba umyili sele kudale okhuphisana ukuba umatshini omtsha, eyaqala kuveliswa kunye isixhobo esitsha.

Qala of production

14.05.43, iKomiti yoKhuselo State wagqiba ekwamkeleni Goryunova umpu (ifoto enikwe kweli nqaku) kunye ngomatshini ivili. Kuba imveliso yawo Kovrov sisityalo ngoomatshini iinyanga ezimbini ezinesiqingatha, kwakhiwa isebe eyahlukileyo. Ekwindla 1943 nebhetshi yokuqala kwezixhobo kuthwalelwa phandle, waza ke kunyaka olandelayo, umba yandiswa umthamo Zlatoust sisityalo №54.

Ngelo xesha, abaphuhlisi kunye Garanin Seleznev iyile umatshini elula ezinamavili, ezifundisa ukusebenza kakuhle xa ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.

Xa iyonke, ukuya kutsho ekupheleni kwemfazwe oko yaveliswa wayinikela ngaphezu kwama 80 amawaka Red Army guns Goryunov.

isimiso ukusebenza

wasebenzisa iigesi amandla gun propellant, nejelo yabelwe ukusuka brainstem. Bavimbe lokugqibela wenza lasekunene-lesandla esangweni ukungalungelelani.

Ngeli adubula ukuhamba zegesi propellant engagqibekanga kwakhona ngokusebenzisa esikhondweni lokuvula egumbini igesi kunye koomatshini kwi piston leyo retracts lophethe kwasiso. shutter alubathundezi ukuya mzuzu uphumo bullet, uvimba buti nasekunqandeni kwii-yeegesi kwibhokisi.

Emva imbumbulu luphaphazela kuphuma umphanda, iindawo uyivulele umpu womatshini uqhubekela umva, ngokuveza emthonjeni. Emva koko ke stem shutter Sivula channel; It licatshulwa nqanawa egumbini. Unikezelo nezikhali ngesinyithi okanye ngelaphu ibhanti ingena kwifestile ibhokisi buti. Ukusuka kuyo izikhulu iCartridge. Ne indlela yesilayidi kwenzeka iribhoni feed neekhatriji ne enesiciko sakwaLevi, uqhu- ukutshaja ixesha elide.

Ukuba hook licinezelwe shutter, ifreyim isango phantsi intwasahlobo nemikhanzi phambili ngaphandle lokuhlala kwindawo rearmost. Isithombe utyhala iCartridge ngaphandle kwebhokisi window kwaye baphuma baya kuthunyelwa kuyo egumbini. ezihambayo zifike indawo umda; iibhloko valve stem ijelo. Le Buze aphezulu kwasiso abe kobethileyo, ukuvelisa shot adjustable kunye kubhenca. Emva koko le nkqubo iphindiwe.

Recharge yokubamba iphumele evela phantsi intonga ukulawula xa ukudubula ishiyeke izinzile.

Ukulungisa izixhobo automatic wenziwe komlawuli gas kwindawo ezintathu. Ukupholisa Air 500 ivumela ukuvelisa rhoqo kuqhume ukudubula. Kwimo eqhelekileyo, ukudubula yenziwa Ungqabhuko elifutshane ukuya kuqhume-30. Goryunova umatshini gun SG-43 inalo zokudubula izinga 250-300 rounds / minute. umphanda Interchangeable kunye flash hider has a handle eyenza kube lula ukwenza nokutshintshwa, nto leyo ayidluli 7-8.

Unikezelo ezakhiwe

Ukudubula lwenziwa iimbumbulu Fika. 1908 no 1930, Nguwuphi ukugcina amandla kokuniswa lonke ixesha moya kumgama 3800 m. I-eneji ye-bullet ophuma 1908 ilingana 3511 J 1930 njengoko 3776 J. Zokutya ezenziwe neeribhoni metal neekhatriji 250 (5 x 50 ) kuhlobo DS-39 okanye ngelaphu ukusuka "Mxim" iiPC 200. kunye nobonelelo ekunene. Nakuba izinga eliphezulu feed wambi kunye Imikhumbi breaks ezinqamlezayo, ukuba kwenzeka alufane ngaphezu umpu womatshini Degtyarev.

inkqubo isikhokelo

Okubonwayo SG-43 ziquka isabhokhwe kubaleka kunye flip emehlweni. Le yokugqibela iquka vikela ukuba yonke isakhelo, kunye emthonjeni. Kwi isakhelo izikali ezimbini iyasetyenziswa. Ekhohlo yakhelwe neekhatriji kunye iimbumbulu ngo-1908 kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ukucwangcisa umgama ukuya 2 thous. M. elichongiweyo yileta "L" kunye amanani 0-20. scale Right ngenxa iCartridge bullet noMnu 1930 ivumela ukucwangcisa umgama ukuya 2.3 amawaka. M. ziyaphawulwa ngokuzibhala ileta "T" kunye namanani 0-23. Kwi umqulu isicelo umngcipheko. Ukufaka Ezomva eligaqa kumacala omabini lwemingcipheko ephambili eliphawulwe ngokwemizi ezintlanu zilungiso osecaleni. Enye uphawu olungqamana senkulungwane kuluhlu.

inkqubo Goryunova Machine gun into nge zokudubula i esikiwe ku 4 tyaba ekujoliswe umgca yongqanianiso, kwakunye abamnyama ubungakanani uxande 20x30 cm izihlangu emhlophe 1x1 m. Ibanga oko imiselwe ku-100 m, emehlweni imvelaphi inyuselwa khona kwi kwisikali ngasekhohlo 3 kunye neekhatriji zisetyenziswa kunye imbumbulu ukukhanya.

anti-moya emehlweni

Iinjongo emoyeni iliso nge ngakumbi kulindeleke ukuba "Gorunov" crosshair bade elungelelaniswe, kubalwa izinto emoyeni kumgama ongekho ngaphezulu kwe-1 ngekhilomitha, apho ukuhamba ngesantya kuma-600 km / h. Xa emehlweni iye ngaphambili kunye viewfinders angasemva noseko. I-phambili yenziwe yi amakhonkco amane concentric ye owela ngaphakathi kwe-20-80 mm ngokwemizuzu ka-20 mm, injongo leyo ahleliweyo pre-so-. Ngaphezu koko, kwi ziko eye umsesane emehlweni leyo okhonza awafake kunye yokubeka. Ngasemva senziwa jija ibhola itshixa ekulinganisweni kuma. Umgangatho ezinomahluko emehlweni na ufakelo reticles ezimbini kwi kwisakhelo, ukudibanisa ukuba libe phantsi kophahla olunye esibonelela rhoqo of ekutshoneni kwalo, oko kube ngokuphindaphindiweyo zisuswe, isongiwe yodwa yaye efakwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa useto.

Sebenzisa ngokulwa

Goryunov Umatshini gun wangena inkonzo entlakohlaza 1943 elihamba ithathele izixhobo yawa ehlotyeni ekuqaleni konyaka omnye. It yasetyenziswa ukuba ukubetha amaqela open-mkhosi kunye nezixhobo lomlilo utshaba kwi imigama ukuya ku-1 km.

Impumelelo "Goryunov" ekulweni ixesha zokugqibela zemfazwe ngenxa ubunzima bayo ukukhanya: kuba 6.5 kg elula ngaphezu "Mxim", phezu kumatshini qha - 25 kg.

Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II umatshini gun zaphuculwa kwaye igama SGM (i "M" - yala maxesha). Oku kuye kwaphuculwa ukukhusela inkqubo ngothuli pholisa umphanda, waza wamiselwa a kwesango elitsha. Kwakukho SGMT itanki lobeko.

Iimpawu eziphambili

The main iparameters umpu zezi:

• Ubunzima: 13.5 kg.
• ubunzima Machine: 23.4 kg.
• Ubude: 1140 mm.
• ubude komgqomo: 720 mm.
• Beqhumisa lomqolo (L / T): 2000/2300 m.
• Velocity kuwugcina ngokuwubopha (L / T) X 865/800 m / s.
• Izinga komlilo: 700 rounds / min
• Rate: max. 350 rounds / min.

SG-43 athunyelwa ngokubanzi, ukunika iimvume zokuba zenze oko kumazwe aliqela. E China "Gorunov" yaveliswa phantsi Uhlobo igama 53, basala - bobabini Vz 43, Poland (Wz 43) kunye eMzantsi Afrika (SS-77).