Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov: umfanekiso zembali. Biography, imigaqo-nkqubo yotshintsho kunye neziphumo wokulawula Alekseya Romanova

Matshi 19, 1629 wazalwa lesibini ukumkani ubukhosi omtsha yasebukhosini Russian - Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. abonakale sembali yale umlawuli itsalela umfanekiso kakhulu lokumkani krele, ababuqiqileyo zibhuqe.

Youth Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

Biography Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova umdla kakhulu. Unina EL Streshneva - intombi izinduna abathobekileyo ezincinane. Ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emihlanu Alexei wayefundiswa mamok ezininzi kunye nabongikazi. Boyar BI Morozov waba ngumcebisi kukumkani abatsha. Iminyaka emithandathu ukumkani wathabatha ilifa idiploma, iincwadi yokuqala ukufunda yaba: i Breviary, The kwiZenzo zabapostile, IiNdumiso. Alex wayekuthanda ukufunda ukuze nge-12 iminyaka ithala leencwadi nabantwana bakhe bakhe. Phakathi iincwadi yakhe ayithandayo ifumaneka Cosmography, isigama kunye negrama, epapashwe kwi-Duchy of Lithuania. Phakathi zokudlala abantwana bakhe baba amagcisa iintonga German, izixhobo zomculo, amaxwebhu eziprintiweyo (imifanekiso). Ndandiyithanda Alexis kunye neeklasi eziziimobhayili, ukususela ebuntwaneni wayelithanda falconry, kwaye ebudaleni, nokuba wabhala ama kwi falconry. Biography Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova ibonisa impembelelo enkulu ukuba umgcini saba phezu kwiwadi lakhe. Xa eneminyaka elishumi elinesine Alexis oselula ukuba kuvela phambi kwezihlwele, yaye iminyaka elishumi emva, waya etroneni yokufa kayise nonina.

Iminyaka yokuqala wokulawula

IBhodi Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova yaqala ngo-1645. ULutsha kunye namava ekuqaleni yomphathi yaba kakhulu ukuba yonke imiba ebalulekileyo nokungamandla nolawulo bebekelwa ezandleni B.I.Morozova. Kodwa kakhulu imfundo kunye italente umlawuli bazenzela waziva, yaye kungekudala ukuthatha izigqibo zikarhulumente ngokwakhe waba Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. abonakale Historical wobukumkani bakhe loo minyaka sichaza yobunzima kunye eziphikisanayo nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle yaseRashiya. Ukubandakanyeka esebenzayo sabacebisi amazwe ukuya kulawulo lizwe kwavusa iinguqulelo.

Ngeli xesha, ebonakalisa umlinganiswa kakumkani. Abafundileyo, umntu zobuhlobo lula ukuhamba - ukuba amehlo abantu ababephila bakhangela Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. UWele tsar "ifrequency" nto ifanelwe kakuhle. Kodwa ukuba kukho imfuneko, kuya kufuneka intando, ukuzimisela, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu ubundlobongela.

ikhowudi conciliar

Reform Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova laqalisa ukusekwa kweBhunga Code - ikhowudi yokuqala kwemithetho karhulumente Russian. Ngaphambi koku, le ngusompempe eRashiya ukuba yayikhokelwe ezahlukeneyo, ngokufuthi limphikisa ngokwabo imimiselo nemiyalelo ngayo izicatshulwa. Sisigqibo ukumkani ulozhenija ayegqatse Salt Riot, zibangelwa yi umsebenzi entsha ityuwa. Le baphembeleli ye umlawuli wacela ukuba ukucoca imithetho yorhwebo netyuwa ukuba abize kwiNdibano yePhondo. Ngelo xesha, loo kumkani wanyanzeleka ukuba enze umnyinyiva, kodwa emva kokuba senziwe uMthetho Code Zemsky Sobor uphulukene igunya layo kunye itshitshisiwe kungekudala.

umtshato kakumkani

Kungekudala emva kokuba eqhineni etroneni yokumkani wafumana umtshakazi. Wayesele UMariya Ilinichna Miloslavskaya - intombazana evela usapho endala nolungileyo boyar. Nangona ookumkani bengamboni ukuba oomolokazana phesheya, wanyula abafazi babo ezindlwini izinduna yimpumelelo '. Ukuze ithuba ukutshata lwasebukhosini ekuqaleni balwa izinduna eziliqela. Kwingcingane Cathedral ukuba ukumkani wabona intombazana uMariya Miloslavskys uhlobo athandaze. Akuthandeki ukuba le ntlanganiso ngengozi. Enoba lwalunjani, umtshato waba yimpumelelo yaye ixesha elide. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ukumkani imbeko ukumkanikazi yakhe, yaba intsapho waza wenza abantwana bakhe ezilishumi elinantathu, abathathu kubo abalawuli kamva kweli lizwe.

umsantsa

Impembelelo ibandla ekuqaleni kobukumkani Alexei Mikhailovich sasisikhulu kangangokuba uBhishophu Nikon wanikwa isihloko "umlawuli enkulu". Ngoko ke, ukumkani wayibona yokulingana kwamandla phakathi kwabo kunye inkosi yebandla. Kodwa kubi emehlweni izinduna, njengoko Nikon kufuneka ukuba ugcwalise ukuthobela kwaye ingundoqo non-uphazamiseko kwimicimbi yecawa. Kodwa ke, njengoko kubonisiwe ixesha, le sopravlenie line yayo ebalulekileyo. Nikon iye yabamba ukuba ekunene ukuya kumxelela ukumkani, ukuze alawule indlela kwimicimbi karhulumente. Impembelelo kwi ukumkani basebukhosini, izikhulu kwehla. Imvelaphi yalo impembelelo kungafunyanwa kwimfundo, ezafumana Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. abonakale ezeMbali kunye namanqaku ezaziphila kusibonisa umfanekiso owoyika uThixo, owazalwa ngunina engekazani nandoda zonqulo. Ukunciphisa impembelelo Nikon enye indlela kuphela. Ekuqaleni kuka-1658, umbingeleli Kazan Cathedral atyekela kukumkani ngombuzo ngqo: "Koda kube nini na, uzenza utshaba lukaThixo" Kwaye ke ukumkani Iingcikivo ehlazweni ngaphezu kwabo kuphazamisana ngamandla akhe sasebukhosini, esola igunya lobuzwilakhe. Le ngxabano lokulwa, yaye ekugqibeleni kwakhokelela uphuphu. Isizathu ngokusesikweni kwaba sisithuko Nikon izinduna, emva koko kude esidlangalaleni wazikhuphulula kwezo isidima kasolusapho waya weemonki. Ngowe-1666, iBhunga zeformula asuse Nikon ndiwuhlutha ngokusesikweni kuye yesihloko. Ekubeni ebukumkanini Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova ngokwenene an yedwa, namandla akhe, esolula kude ecaweni.

Policy Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

Ubudlelwane yangaphandle umdla kukumkani. Nceda Centurion Cossack Khmelnytsky malunga ukuyeka polyatskuyu ungenelelo laviwa nguzwilakhe. Zemsky Cathedral ngo 1653 wathatha ngummi Cossacks Ukrainian kombisiweke inkxaso emkhosini. NgoMeyi 1654, amajoni Russian wahamba ahlala ESmolensk. Ngokomyalelo wokumkani, entwasahlobo yezenzo zomkhosi 1654 kwaqhutyekwa, yaye isixeko Kovno, kunye Vilna Brodnya waba Russian. Swedish War, leyo eyaphela ngo ngokoyiswa ngoMay. Smoot e Ukraine, lwaqala nje emva kokufa Khmelnytsky, wafuna kusiwe impi ne Poland. KaJanuwari 8, 1654 at Pereyaslav rada ekugqibeleni fixed ukungena Ukraine eRashiya. Kamva, ngowe-1667, Poland wavuma imida emitsha, kwaye umnqophiso of ukulawula of Ukraine eRashiya uye waqaphela kwihlabathi. kuqhutywa ngempumelelo ukuziphendulela imida esemazantsi karhulumente, kwakhiwa izixeko ezifana Nerchinsk, Irkutsk, Seleginsk.

yobudala enemvukelo

Uninzi izigqibo eziphathelele kuphuhliso eSiberia kunye nokwandiswa ummandla lizwe, mathupha Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. umzobo ngembali nguzwilakhe zonke Russia abuyonto ngaphandle ekuqondeni izinto ezingangqinelaniyo kwakunye noxinzelelo kunawo, athe kwafuneka nazo ebudeni bolawulo. Ngoko ke akukho ngozi ngenkulungwane ye-17 kamva wayeya ngokuba "enemvukelo" ngenxa yokuvukela rhoqo perturbing karhulumente. Ngokukodwa le mvukelo Stepana Razina, lo kwezithandani zazo ukuchitha ixesha elininzi neenzame.

Umgaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho yokumkani wakhuthaza ukusekwa kwe mveliso kunye nokwandiswa yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Ukumkani ukubukelwa urhwebo Russian, ukukhusela kurhwebo lwasekhaya ukususela impahla kwamanye amazwe. Kananjalo bekukho ukusilela-nkqubo yezoqoqosho. isigqibo malunga nokulingana ixabiso obhedu imali yesilivere kuye kwabangela abantu luyambombozela kwaye kwakhokelela ukwehla le engange.

Le minyaka yokugqibela wobukumkani Alexei Mikhailovich

Emva kokufa ngumfazi wakhe amthandayo yokumkani utshate kwakhona. ukhetho yakhe NK Naryshkin, wambekela nabantwana abathathu, kuquka ikamva loMlawuli Peter 1. Ukumkani waphulaphula enkulu kwimfundo wayalela ummiselo Ambassadorial aguqulela uncwadi angaphandle kunye ezahlukeneyo imisebenzi yesayensi Russian. Phakathi ekupheleni ukumkani abaninzi ezo iincwadi ababhali bamandulo abafunda, waba ithala leencwadi yayo, kwaye wayezazi iilwimi zasemzini. Umfazi wesibini kakumkani unomdla yeqonga, yaye ngenxa kwibhotwe yasekwa inkundla ekhethekileyo elincinci. Alexis wafa eneminyaka engama-47.

Iziphumo wobukumkani Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

Iziphumo wobukumkani wale kumkani ingachazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• neNgonyama Ukomelezwa - amandla kakumkani engasekho kuphela eCaweni.
• Kwakukho kubukhoboka ngokupheleleyo abalimi.
• Kwakukho Conciliar I-Code, nto leyo eyaba ekuqalekeni nguqulelo yenkundla eRashiya.
• Ngenxa yoko, ibhodi yokumkani ukwandisa imida karhulumente Russian - yadibana yi eUkraine, waza waqalisa uphuhliso eSiberia.