Amagama Iilwimi: mini-isichazi abantwana besikolo

Xa ukufunda ulwimi Russian esikolweni, iikota kakhulu eziqhelekileyo neelwimi, ezo azisoloko esingaqondwayo ngabafundi. Siye sazama ukuba iqulunqe uluhlu olufutshane iingqiqo ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo ukuze ziqonde. Kwixesha elizayo, abafundi bakwazi ukulisebenzisa ekufundeni ulwimi Russian.

izandi zamazwi

La magama kweelwimi asetyenziswe izifundo nefonetiki:

• Izandi zamazwi - candelo Ezolimi leyo lifunda inkqubo ephilileyo.
• Umsindo - intetho yamasuntswana ubuncinane. Ukwahlula zezikhamiso kunye lwamaqabane izandi.
• Zamagama - bavame okanye izandi ezimbalwa, oluthethwa mnye umoya.
• Ugxininiso - lodwa in a noonone kwintetho.

• Orthoepy - icandelo le nefonetiki ukuba lifunda imigaqo pronunciation ulwimi Russian.

yokuloba

Ekuhloleni upelo kuyimfuneko ukuba asebenze la magama alandelayo:

• Upelo - ukuba izifundo imithetho zopelo.
• Orfogrammy - upelo ilizwi ngokungqinelana nemigaqo zopelo.

Lexicology and phraseology

• Umqondiso - unit dictionary, ilizwi.
• Lexicology - candelo ulwimi Russian, nto leyo isaphonononga umqondiso, imvelaphi yabo umsebenzi.
• Izithethantonye - amagama zinentsingiselo efanayo kunye upelo eyahlukileyo.
• Izichasi - amagama anentsingiselo eyahlukileyo.
• Ipharonimi - amagama abe upelo efanayo kodwa eyahlukileyo ngexabiso elifanayo.
• Izikweko - amagama abe upelo efanayo, kodwa aneentsingiselo ezahlukileyo.

• Phraseology - Ezolimi ukuba izifundo iiyunithi phraseological, iimpawu zazo kunye nemigaqo ezisebenza ngolwimi.
• Etymology - inzululwazi ngemvelaphi yamagama.
• Lwezichazi - nesebe Ezolimi ukuba lifunda imithetho izichazi-magama kunye nokufunda kwakhiwa.

morphology

A amagama ambalwa malunga amagama kweelwimi Russian asetyenziswe ukufunda morphology kweli candelo.

• Morphology - ukufunda ulwimi, ukufunda izigaba zentetho.
• Noun - yinto ezimeleyo yinxalenye yokuthetha. Libhekisela into leyo ethetha kwaye baphendule le mibuzo: "ngubani", "yintoni?".
• Isiphawulo - kubonisa uphawu okanye imeko wesifundo kunye uphendule imibuzo: "Yintoni na?" "Yintoni?" "Ntoni?". Libhekisela igama inxaxheba ezimeleyo.

• Isenzi - yinxalenye yokuthetha, ebonisa intshukumo waza waphendula lo mbuzo: "Yintoni?" "Yenza ntoni '?.
• Yesi - ibonisa inani okanye umyalelo izinto yaye kwangaxeshanye ekuphenduleni le mibuzo: "Yimalini?", "Nguwuphi omnye?". Oku kubhekisela iindawo ezizimeleyo zentetho.
• Isimelabizo - ibonisa into okanye umntu, uphawu yayo, ngoxa wambiza.
• Isihlomelo - yinxalenye yokuthetha, ebonisa umqondiso amanyathelo. Iphendula eyona mibuzo: "njani?", "Xa?", "Kutheni?", "Uphi?".
• Uxolo - inxalenye abangabancedani yokuthetha inxibelelanisa ukuba amagama.
• Union - yinxalenye yokuthetha enxulumanisa iiyunithi syntactic.
• Amasuntswana - amagama ezikunika ngokweemvakalelo okanye ukuhla ukuya amagama nezivakalisi.

imigomo

Ukongeza kula magama ngaphambili, kukho inani kweekhonsepthi ezinqwenelekayo ukwazi umfundi. Nika amagama ezisisiseko kweelwimi, nayo nokukhumbula.

• Yobeko - candelo Ezolimi ukufunda sithembiso: iimpawu yesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza.
• Ulwimi - inkqubo umqondiso, njalo kuphuhliso. Isetyenziswa unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu.
• Idiolect - ingakumbi intetho yomntu othile.
• Nezendawo - ntlobo zolwimi olufanayo, abachasene uhlobo boncwadi kwayo. Kuxhomekeka mmandla, iziyelelane ngamnye uneempawu zawo. Umzekelo, Ocaña okanye Akane.

• Ufinyezo - ukuyilwa izibizo yi basisishunqulelo amagama okanye amabinzana.
• Latinism - Ilizwi elafikayo kuthi kubomi bemihla ulwimi Latin.
• Inversion - kushenxwe umyalelo eqhelekileyo kwamagama, ukwenza isiqalelo ngokutsha ezidluliswa stylistically kumakishwa.

stylistics

La magama alandelayo yeelwimi, imizekelo, kunye nokuzimisela apho uya kubona rhoqo kwenzeka xa kuqwalaselwa indlela ulwimi Russian.

• Uchasaniso - isixhobo zesimbo, olusekelwe phezu inkcaso.
• Zidanga - entsha yokuzenza esekelwe isitofu okanye buthathaka iindlela yohlobo olunye yokuthetha.
• Isinciphiso - igama ezenziwa isimamva nesinciphiso.
• Izafobe - ezamkelela apho indibaniselwano amagama akhiwa amaxabiso ebonakala awuhambisani lungelelanisa. Umzekelo, i "isidumbu ophilayo."
• Uchasaniso - replacement amagama anxulumene isigama okungamanyala cala.
• Walithiywa - a trope zesimbo, ngokufuthi le isichazi umbala oludlulisa.

Le asinto uluhlu alupheli amagama kubalulekile. Sikunike kuphela ngokwemigaqo kweelwimi kakhulu kuyimfuneko.

iziphumo

Ngokufundisisa ulwimi Russian, abafundi uze zingqubane amagama, amaxabiso zazo ayaziwa kubo. Ukuze siphephe iingxaki kuqeqesho, uyacebiswa ukuba isichazi-magama zakho zobuqu eekota zesikolo ka ulwimi Russian kunye noncwadi. Ngaphezu sinawo ezisisiseko kweelwimi ilizwi-phantsi, kuya kufuneka ukuba nazo ngaphezu kanye ngethuba uqeqesho esikolweni kunye eyunivesithi.