Analo - yintoni na le nto? imithetho

Ekubeni kudala abantu abanomdla imibuzo yolwazi. ingcamango yentanda yaphuhliswa kangangokuba, njengokuba umntu ukwazi ihlabathi yaye wena kuyo. Nkqu kumaxesha amandulo zivela Sciences ezisisiseko ezifana nolwazi lwemathematika, inzululwazi, imbali, ifilosofi. Ngoko kukho umbuzo enoba kukho indlela yokwazi inyaniso noko kufuneka lusekelwe. Yaba ngeli xesha na kwemali ezifana okuzigwagwisa ngexhanti, ebambekayo, empiricism.

Empiricism nje bulumko

Analo - eyona ndawo entliziyweni edulusele ngqo kwimisebenzi eyenziwayo. Yiloo nto yenziweyo amava oluntu. Lo mbono ke sisiseko into efanayo bulumko. amava inkanuko kuba empiricism epheleleyo. Oku ubuntu bakhe kunye umthombo wolwazi. Ulwazi ziziphumo processing neemvakalelo sensory mntu.

UFrancis Bacon - nguyise empiricism

Owasungula le budget uthathwa ukuba uFrancis Bacon, apho empiricism sele ezihonjiswe kwi ingqiqo oqolileyo-bulumko. Kamva, wabonakala uthotho lweentshukumo - okokuqala zonke, a empiricism esihle enengqondo. Bacon Wacela ukuba ulwazi kuyimfuneko ukucima ingqondo nendlela abayibona ngayo kwizithixo ezingenanto, yaye ukuze bafumane amava nge ukulinga kunye mkhanya endalo. Eyona engundoqo izigodo Bacon: wesizwe, umqolomba, kwimarike, imidlalo yeqonga. Empiricism ubachasile imisinga lale kunye scholasticism zonqulo.

Truth in empiricism

Rationalists kunye empiricists zahluke ekuqondeni imithombo ekuyazini inyaniso. Okokuqala uyibona ngeziphumo ezithembekileyo yaye bekwacelwa ukuba izinto kalula, absolutising logic kunye nendlela aqale. Nangona analo - kuba ebambe induction. Lo mthombo uphambili inyaniso abalandeli bakhe bona amava oluvo oluntu (empiricism), iimvakalelo zakhe. Eyona njongo iphambili ukuqonda oko imvakalelo, inkqubo, eyihlangula itsalwa inyaniso kumntu ifomu yalo yantlandlolo, undistorted. Eyona umthombo wolwazi kuba analo - kukuthi, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, indalo, ukubukela yaye benze kuso, adala ukuziva. Le mfundiso seliza Sciences ezifana eziphilayo, amayeza, inzululwazi kunye neenkwenkwezi.

Inyaniso empiricism - ophilayo ngento yoko, nto leyo ichazwe kule fom zilandelayo:

• noluvo (zibonise izinto zobumnini ngamnye sezingqondweni amacala into, iimpembelelo izivamvo);

• Umbono (ukudala umfanekiso ebalulekileyo into eyaziwa kwi mizwa yokuqaphela);

• Ukumelwa (okrelekrele japan gabalala olubonakalayo-sensory empiricism, alubonwanga ngoku, kodwa kube nefuthe kwixa elidlulileyo).

Kwinkqubo ukwazi inyaniso umntu obandakanyekayo ezibonakalayo, gustatory, nezihlwabisayo, njengokungathi ezikhalayo, wabeka ngokusebenzisa inkumbulo kunye nomfanekiso xa uhambisa. Analo ucacisa ubukho kwi umzimba eksteroretseptivnoy (qwa) kunye interoretseptivnye (imiqondiso malunga nesimo lwangaphakathi) neenkqubo. Ngenxa yoko, kumalungu yovakalelo-ngokwasemoyeni sensory-ethe - isiseko apho wakha empiric iikhrayitheriya enyaniso kunye nolwazi njongo.