Ifumaneka ukuba inyaniso engangxengwanga?

"Ndiyazi nje - esi silumko yamandulo lesiGrike elisetyenzisiweyo uSocrates ukuba athi -. Andazi nto" Yenza sobulumko uthobekile, okanye ngaloo wathetha omnye ubulumko: ukholo lwethu ngenyaniso nantoni usoloko iyaxokozela, usoloko isalamane kwaye ziwe ngephanyazo. Ngoko ukuba singabhengeza ukuba inyaniso engangxengwanga - ezingento endaweni yethu, ukutshintsha ihlabathi? Sazi njani ubunyani ejikelezileyo, ukuba siyazi malunga indawo yokuqala ukusuka apho ukubuyiselana, ukuza ethile kwisigqibo esisiso? Ngapha koko, nkqu umhla wokuzalwa yethu (kuqikelelwa ukuba abazali bethu musa onokuthandabuza) Kwakhona kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwexesha.

Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, ulwazi lwethu ihlabathi into enjalo - 'inyaniso. " kwingongoma ethile siya kugweba ukuba ezinye ngxelo ziyinyani gca yona ingqiqo: ukuba sithi A ayikho twatse B, zako kuyinyaniso kananjalo ukuba uThixo akanguye twatse ne A. Kodwa ngaba akufani A B - oko kukuthi lo mbuzo! Noko ke, hakanyingi nokuqiqa yethu ngokusengqiqweni ngeyona slim, kuba bubuxoki, zakhiwe, ifana nendlu entle eyakhelwe entlabathini. Khumbula ukuba, "imimoya ukuvuthela, amanzi uya kuvuka ..."? Kunye nezigqibo zethu wambi zidilizwe njengoko iitshiphusi, izinto ezintsha enamandla ukuba iya kuziguqula ngamahla ndinyuka paradigmat yeenzululwazi.

Kodwa, sinento yokwenza kujoliswe kulo yinyani, lokuvula zexa ezintsha ezintsha. Imithetho angundoqo yehlabathi indawo neminye imithetho ezisisiseko, nto leyo maxa wambi ukufezekisa kweyokuqala, maxa wambi evince ukusilela yabo epheleleyo. Le ngengqiqo okuphelele kunye nenyaniso isalamane kwaye akhokelele ekuqhubekekeni ulwazi lwethu. Eyona uphawu yokuba umbono wethu into elungileyo ngokupheleleyo umbuzo awungeni practice yethu.

A umzekelo olula: ngelixa amaGrike amandulo ngomkhombe kuphela phakathi iziqithi yoLwandle iMeditera, ugobile ngaphantsi komhlaba abazange ukudlala ukubaluleka ngenxa mapping. Mappers zifakwa iflethi umgangatho kunye wesishwankathelo kunxweme leziqithi asifunyenwanga kulo mzekelo, uhlaba enkulu. Noko ke, ekubeni ngoku siyazi malunga imilo ungqukuva iplanethi yethu, siya ujonge imaphu yehlabathi, ithathele ingqalelo ukufiphala (kule ndlela kucacile eGreenland - asinto inyaniso engangxengwanga). Imizekelo kokuguquka kukuzibophelela inyaniso isizalwane inokufumaneka mihla. izizukulwana ezininzi bamazwe bakholwa polaris injani, ummiselo ngasentla. Ngokuyenza ibe yinyaniso ngoku. Kodwa, ucinga intshukumo inkqubo yethu elanga ngokunxulumene nezinye iinkwenkwezi kunye iminyele, asinakho ukuba le meko iya kuqhubeka nge-waka kunye amashumi amawaka eminyaka.

Ukongeza, ezesizwe practice polestar yethu okunene kulo ubusuku alubathundezi kunye nolwalathiso yayo ingqamana ulwalathiso inaliti kazibuthe ikhampasi, sithi: "Into yokuba North Star ngokukhomba kumntla - inyaniso epheleleyo." Into efanayo singakwazi ukuthetha ngezinto eziyinyaniso ikwisakhelo ezithile reference: umzekelo, ukuba eMoscow kuba ngama 56 ngama ngasentla kunye degrees 38 East (apha ke yiphose phandle lenxaki, yintoni na kwezi uququzelelo: yesicelo, Mytishchi okanye Lyubertsy ). Okanye, umzekelo, ukuba Idabi Borodino kwenzeka ngo-1812 (ukuba athathe njengesiseko sokubala thina iKrismesi).

Kukho iimeko apho inyaniso isalamane kunye ngokupheleleyo injongo, oko kukuthi, indlela enye okanye omnye zibonisa ngokwenene inyaniso yangoku. Ukuba abstract kwi non-Euclidean geometry, ngoko amazwi "imigca ukufana musa phambana" inyaniso ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho abanye abafana ingcamango elichanekileyo uphuhliso lolwazi lwethu yehlabathi bubuxoki. Ngoko, njengembonakaliso yomntu Wawela umyalelo yehlabathi geocentric. Ukutshintshwa endala izinto ezintsha kwenzeka kuzo zonke zenzululwazi, azicacanga kuphela, kodwa eyoluntu. Umzekelo, ixesha elide, ababhali-mbali bakholwa heretical Cathars Manichaeans kunye nabantu abasuka eMpuma; ke ngokuba izazinzulu asiyonto imfihlelo ezi abaphikisana nenkolo baba ngamaKristu yaseYurophu, kodwa umahluko. Indlela, apho siyazi ithiyori wathi elililo, kukhokelela okuzigwagwisa ngexhanti, abangaphangeliyo uphuhliso lenzululwazi; kodwa bakholwa ukuba bonke babethi - bexoka kukhokelela ngalo kwaye yenza ulwazi lwethu akunakwenzeka.