Apho ebusika ingabangaba? iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ingabangaba

Bird ingabangaba - enye intaka zixhaphakileyo kulo ulwandle. Uluhlu le ntaka saa kuzo zonke iimbombo ihlabathi, ukususela kwi Arctic kunye nesiphelo Antarctic, kodwa ambalwa emazweni emvula. Abaninzi bayazibuza malunga apho ebusika ingabangaba. Impendulo ilula: le ntaka Kulula kakhulu ukuba ukuqhelana nayiphi bume, ngoko kulala kuba eyoyikekayo.

Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu malunga ingabangaba

In Russia uyakwazi ukufumana iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-20 zeentaka ezivela sodidi lwe ama. Uluhlu lwabo ubanzi ngokwaneleyo: oku kuquka inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya, uninzi Ekude eSiberia.

Ezi iintaka - zibhabhayo ezintle, bakwazi ukubambelela ixesha elide emoyeni, ngoko ukukhawulezisa, ngoko sehlise ukubaleka, ukwenza yokumisa elirhabaxa, virtuoso ujika incopho. Ukongeza, ukuba unako ngokukhawuleza ukubaleka, ukudada kwaye ukuntywila emanzini.

Ama indlwane emathafeni kunye namawa kufutshane amanzi. Abanye babo paruyutsya, kodwa ke kwiimeko ezininzi bahlala nwe ingabangaba. iintaka yokwakha shintsho kunqabile, ngaphandle koko ngenxa utshintsho phantsi kweemeko zemozulu.

Kabini ngonyaka, ama molt. Kuthatha indawo ekwindla - a molt olupheleleyo, ngokunjalo emva kokuphela yasebusika - ayiphelelanga.

sasebusika ama

Uninzi ama achitha ubusika kwi Black and lweCaspian Seas, isuka yinxalenye Sea North okanye lweMeditera, kwakunye kumazwe aseAfrika, iJapan, China. Abaninzi kunokubonwa ebusika kwizixeko ezininzi, ngokuba kukho ithuba lokuba akwazi ukuziphilisa. Ezi iintaka ningoyiki abantu, badla licela nemiqhathane yesonka, bafumane ukutya yabo inkunkuma iinkunkuma kweli lizwe.

Kutsha nje, ingabangaba baye baba "scavengers 'enkulu ebusika, kwaye sikhuphisana kakhulu oonomyayi abahlala kwimimandla inkunkuma mveliso kunye nomthengi.

Ama kumaziko zoshishino eRashiya uyakhula. Baya kuhlala apha ebusika, kulula ukumelana kwimimandla esezidolophini, ukuzama ukumelana neemeko zokuphila, utshintsho impembelelo yabantu.

Ama ezindaweni Russian

Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza apho ama ubusika Magadan. Ama kule ndawo ixesha elide musa ukutshintsha indawo yabo yokuhlala, oluzalela phezu kwezindlu lwezakhiwo eziphakamileyo. Yaye ekubeni ezi iintaka kuhlangene elwandle, ngoko ngamaxesha amaninzi zifumaneka kunxweme loLwandle Okhotsk. Ezinye abameli ezi ntaka oluqhutywa amadama ice-phantsi ummandla Magadan kuyo ebusika.

IVolga ama ukuba ahlale ebusika, zigcinwe imihlambi ezincinane. Iindawo apho ama ubusika iVolga, into eninzi. Basebenzisa iindawo ezingezo-lomkhenkce ze ehlayo izityalo lombane, izityalo amandla thermal amanzi amanzi. Kwaye ama ebusika umdla koovimba iVolga.

Izilwanyana ezi Urals kufuneka iintlobo ezininzi ama. Amaninzi, iintaka lo myalelo inokufumaneka kummandla emathafeni. Apho ama yasebusika Urals? Kunye umlambo OB yaye inxalenye phezu komlambo Irtish labemi kakhulu ezifana nesihuluhulu abamnyama-headed sizaya amancinane abafane ziyakuphunyezwa ebhonte eziqhelekileyo kunye mantshontsho (emnyama, Dall okanye ezincinane).

Yokufuduka ama

Phambi kokuba kuqala ubusika, uninzi ama abeza ngasemzantsi. Uninzi phakathi ama uthanda ukuhamba broody. Bona besuka eSiberia nasemantla eYurophu ukuze Indiya kunye namazwe aseAfrika. Yokuba ama ngokungadinwayo noSabine kaThixo, eziphaphazelayo ukuba ubusika ukusuka kumathafa ukuya kumazwe asemazantsi zaseAfrika Melika.

Ezi neentaka ziphaphazele nje ukuba kudluliswe busika kunye nokuqalisa kwe iqabaka yokuqala. iindawo ezifudumeleyo apho ntolovelo ingabangaba kakhulu. Noko ke, inkoliso iintaka ababeke-ntshona Eurasia kunye Pacific Islands.

An into umdla kukuba ezantsi akuthethi ukubhabha zonke iintlobo zeentaka. Umzekelo, engabangaba pink, ukuba indawo yokuhlala apho - Greenland kunye eSiberia efudukela lonyaka ebandayo emdeni Arctic Ocean. Kulapho kakhulu ukuba akagqubuthele kunye iindawo ice apho ntolovelo intlanzi ingabangaba ukutya zaselwandle kunye neentlanzi ezincinane.

UBhartolomeyu nesihuluhulu yokuhlala uqala i Kola Peninsula kunye efikelela yasentshona Chukotka, kodwa kwicala langasezantsi ifikelela oLwandle lweCaspian. Around ngoNovemba olu hlobo iintaka abeza kweli iMeditera, yaye amanye ama glaucous sokuntingela wasePersi (Arabia) Gulf, apho ephakathi Iran kunye Arabia nokulawula.

In Russia ama ezininzi herring, zizakubalulwa ubungakanani enkulu kunye ngomlomo omkhulu yellow. Nest umhlaseli intaka kunxweme Russian ye-Arctic, eSiberia kunye nenxalenye esemantla kuLwandle lweCaspian. Ubusika yesilivere ingabangaba ayahamba aye elingaselwandle ezantsi. In Russia ntonje kunxweme Black and Azov kwiilwandle ngaphandle lizwe - lweMeditera.

ingabangaba encinane buboya ezimhlophe, nto leyo ebizwa - nesihuluhulu emhlophe, kunye kuqala ubusika okanye ukuba emke, okanye uleyisayo imigama emifutshane (ubude elingekho ngaphezu kwewaka km).

namadlelo nengabangaba

Ezi iintaka, ezifana ingabangaba, zahluke kakhulu kwezinye iintaka: ehlotyeni enkulu, ngokuvuka phezulu ezulwini, idada emanzini, wabaleka ngokukhawuleza, nidle emoyeni, bekhangela pickings kumhlaba kunye namanzi. Bona waterbirds, kodwa zineendlwane ezininzi phezu kophahla lwendlu, kuquka kwingingqi eMoscow.

Inkoliso eMoscow ama uBhartolomeyu. Ezi iintaka ezinkulu indlwane kwiindawo ezithile azifikeleleki ukuya zamarhamncwa. Amaxesha amaninzi le ndawo career kunye nechibi. It uhlala phezu Lublin amasimi eziqhelekileyo nengabangaba kunye nezinye izimvo ingqukuva. Kwaye apho ama ebusika eMoscow kubakho ngaloo iindawo imilambo ezidolophini musa ngumkhenkce ebusika.

labantu ezifana echibini nesihuluhulu, ifumaneka phantse kuzo zonke iindawo zesixeko, apho kukho amanzi. Noko ke, le ntaka indlwane ngaphezu onke amasimi Lublin, kwakunye Mnevnikovskoy yezandyondyo, kwi imigxobhozo e Dolgoprudny e Krylatskoye career nangasemlanjeni Navershki. Kwezi ndawo, apho ama ebusika namadlelo, amanzi amaninzi ice-free. ngababini zokuhlola eziliqela ama abamnyama-headed ukuchitha ubusika kwimilambo sixeko bengenakufumana ngumkhenkce.

nesihuluhulu ezifanayo

Umbala umlambo ama ebusika ufana nevukuthu ulwandle. Funda ama kwenzeka kuphela ngenxa yokuba babe intamo elifutshane kancinane kunye ngomlomo. Kwiindawo apho ama yasebusika umlambo, kufuneka amanzi non-lomkhenkce.

Amaninzi, abamnyama eya ama indlwane ebusika kunxweme kweelwandle, ingakumbi lweMeditera, lweCaspian kwaye, kakade, uLwandle Black, kwakunye kunxweme Pacific kwi-Indian Ocean kunye iziqithi Japan. Kutshanje, nengabangaba indawo Fluvial ngexesha ebusika sandisiwe. Izakufunyanwa kude ukusuka Palearctic. E North America, umlambo nengabangaba ntolovelo eastern'll ukusindisa.

Ngenxa yoko, ubusika imbotyi (umlambo) nesihuluhulu - imila- lwemilambo emikhulu kunye nolwandle beregoviny.

Mantshontsho - izihlobo ama

Loo labemi iintaka inombala eliqaqambileyo. Kusenziwa mncinci kakhulu kwaye ama sleeker. Ezi iintaka baphila imizimba kufutshane amanzi kunye nemida elwandle, kodwa ebusika kufuphi nonxweme Antarctica. Kwindawo ubusika mantshontsho zidlule kunxweme Eurasia, Atlantic Coast, abakwinqanaba iindlela ezifanayo amashumi amawaka eekhilomitha.

Main ama sasebusika kummandla Russia

Ukususela ekuqalekeni 80s kwenkulungwane lokugqibela inani nemiyalelo iintaka ama ubusika kwizixeko liye landa kakhulu. accounting okusisigxina indlela iintaka ubusika ama ezininzi apho Noko ke, amalungu emibutho zokusingqongileyo esweni iindawo oluzalela yeentaka ebusika. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, abathandi zeentaka uqinisekile ukuba ikomkhulu malunga 460 ama ebusika, abantu abafuna ukuba itshatshazi kufutshane Moskva River. Ngokutsho Ryazan Environmental Centre, ecaleni Oka River ebusika ama indlwane malunga 100, kwaye ingafunyanwa kufutshane mveliso thermal.

zindawo apho ntolovelo nengabangaba, asihambelani kakhulu ekhayeni. Iindawo ezithandwa kakhulu yokwakha ama ebusika - i Sochi kunxweme yeBlack Sea, nakulo ilizwe elingaselwandle e Tuapse kunye Gelendzhik. Oku kulapho kakhulu amanzi non-lomkhenkce elwandle kwaye kukho inani elikhulu amachweba kunye nemingenela ezininzi, nto leyo nayo musa ngumkhenkce.

ama zokuhlola emininzi kubonwa kummandla Volgograd. Emva koko achitha ubusika phezu komlambo Kamyshinke.

Imigqaliselo zemvelo uqinisekise ukuba ingabangaba kunye nyaka ngamnye ngakumbi nangakumbi amukela iindawo ezintsha somhlaba kufutshane amanzi qa ebusika. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku umfanekiso yeentaka ubusika ama lamabutho kwizixeko Russian akucaci ngokupheleleyo. Yonke idatha eqokelelweyo ziingcali kwi amasuntswana ukudala umfanekiso opheleleyo apho sasebusika ama.