Area xi ephantsi apha emoyeni - yintoni na le nto? Njani yaye phi na lenzeka kwindawo xi eliphantsi?

khona umoya njalo ajikeleza emoyeni. amagama abo ngokulandelelana indawo emephini apho kwasekwa. izihlwele Air ezi kumazwekazi (kwakheka phezu komhlaba) kwaselwandle (akhiwa ngaphezu kwamanzi). Abeka uxinzelelo phezu komhlaba kunye nazo zonke izidalwa eziphila. Le ngefuthe nemiphumo eyahlukileyo. Ummandla yokwehla xi emoyeni - uqhwithela okanye nenkanyamba. Nangona kunjalo, oku kusebenza kumlinganiselo kwi kwindawo eziza izotywe kumgangatho wolwandle. Ezintabeni, ummandla ngamandla aphansi lubonakala ngokuba umoya yesiqhelo. Oku kuqhelekile apha.

womoya

Ummandla yokwehla xi emoyeni - umlinganiselo othile. Kufuneka zizakujongwa njengo parameter, njengoko kulinganiswa ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Ingqalelo eqhelekileyo kule meko ixabiso 765 mm HG. Imilinganiselo ubude obungaphezulu kuveliswa, kummandla ngokwakhiwa womoya zithe. Ngomhla emdeni komkhenkce ezintabeni, eli nani kucingwa eqhelekileyo kwi ixabiso 350 mm HG.

Ngenxa kule ingqiqo kwiinkalo womoya ephantsi ngazo ngokwemiqathango salathisi kunye engqongileyo umoya ubunzima. Kuba indawo nganye, apho kwasekwa, ukuchaza iimpawu echaphazela kwegazi. Ukuzimisela lwemozulu kummandla othile usoloko ezinxulumene uphando yonke ngezenzeko zendalo ezithe zenzeka kulo mmandla.

air kwegazi

Formation of kwimimandla yoxinzelelo lomoya yancitshiswa ezinxulumene ne inkqubo ejikeleza yayo.

Oku kungenxa ukuthambeka yokuba umhlaba kunye ukungafani ka ukuzifudumeza umhlaba kwi-ikhweyitha kunye nezibonda.
Ummandla loxinzelelo lomoya kuyehla eyenziwe ngenxa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwi-ikhweyitha. Yena uyakhula xa itshiswe kwaye liphuma. Kwaye kucingwa ukuba izibonda nomkhwezeli kwenzeka kwaye kukho koxinzelelo kwenzeka Ukubolekisa khona umoya.

Ngaphezu koko, ukuba koxinzelelo ephantsi senziwa kwindawo enye okanye enye ifomu iyohlala kwandiswa.

Guquka yinkanyamba

Ummandla yokwehla xi emoyeni - a nenkanyamba. Oku kubonakala ngokohlobo uqhwithela okanye nenkanyamba. Xa iziko yengcinezelo yinkanyamba ungaphantsi kakhulu kunokuba emiphethweni.

Xa kwakhiwa kumntla ikhweyitha, ukuhamba khona umoya kuya kwenziwa nxamnye kwegazi ngku. Xa ekwicala elingasemazantsi kwe-planethi - phezu koko. I iseti yolungiselelo amandla ihambisa nkanyamba ekunene kwaye nasezantsi - ekhohlo.

Ummandla xi eliphantsi womoya, apho iveliswa ovuthuzayo okanye ebhudla, ekuqaleni ibekwe ngaphezu phezu kwamanzi. Ngoko ke, kwizimanga zendalo ezifana kuzisa ngayo oluna, imozulu lisibekele. zemimoya rhoqo omoya okubangelwa umahluko ingcinezelo phakathi embindini kunye kwimiphetho nenkanyamba. Ummandla loxinzelelo womoya yancitshiswa eyenziwe imvula ehlotyeni kwaye ukupholisa ebusika - nomkhe- kunye akukhona. Ngaloo ndlela umoya uhambe ukusuka kungqameko ukuya kumbindi nkanyamba, apho liphuma kwaye zipholile.

Indlela wesiseko

yinkanyamba ovuthuzayo ebizwa "ijikazi iinyoka". ububanzi yayo ngamanye amaxesha ukuya ku leekhilomitha amawaka aliqela. Ummandla yokwehla uxinzelelo lomoya eyenziwe kwisibanzi ziingcathu. Oku kwenzeka xa kungquzulwano komoya efudumeleyo ulophu aqukuqela ephuma ikhweyitha kunye kwemali abandayo eyomileyo kunye nezibonda. Phakathi kwezi meko zahluke kangaka ezimbini kukho umda kuthiwa ngaphambili. umoya obandayo pushes maleko eshushu kancinane. ubunzima bayo ezijongeneyo. motion Ellipsoidal iqala. Ngokufumana ezingqonge imaleko umoya yinkanyamba lihamba ngesantya-50 km / h. Peripherals iyajikeleza ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu embindini. Kuxhomekeka indawo ukwenzeka, yenzeka ngamanye amaxesha uqhwithela kakhulu kunene. Bavame intshabalalo siswele emangalisayo. Ummandla yokwehla xi emoyeni - le inkanyamba. Sesazulwini sayo kukho ukunqongophala lomoya. imimoya ebandayo enze oko. Umoya efudumeleyo kokungcola wobomi babhaca, ayaphola kwaye lushwankathela kwi ngohlobo kwezulu. Kubude uqhwithela ubomi yahlukile kwaye kuxhomekeke kummandla wejografi.

ovuthuzayo emvula

Imisinga ezinezinga yimvula kakhulu ekuveliseni ngaphezulu ziingcathu ezinezinga iinkanyamba. Kule ndawo degrees 5-20 kuMzantsi nakuMntla yesibanzi kolwandle kubonakala ngathi ngezenzeko zendalo. Apho indawo kwakheka womoya ephantsi, kukho intshukumo ye khona umoya. Noko ke, ngo ziinkanyamba, ngamanye amaxesha elikhulu kakhulu. Lufikelela 10-30 m / s. iziko layo ubizwa ngokuba 'iliso yesaqhwithi. " Apha kukho imozulu izolile. I ebanzi oko, abulalayo ngakumbi yesaqhwithi. Ngokuqhelekileyo "iliso uqhwithela" yi km 30, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kwi-70 km. Global warming kukhokelela ekwandeni ngamandla emvula iinkanyamba ezinezinga. Kakade ke, kukho kwakhona zincinane ngamandla ezinjalo iziganeko zemozulu. Noko ke, izaqhwithi kakhulu neenkanyamba badla ukufikelela amazwe aseYurophu, eMelika, apho bebeyeke intshabalalo enkulu amaxhoba amaninzi.

iintlobo yinkanyamba

Ummandla yokwehla uxinzelelo lomoya na ngegalelo amandla. Ukwahlula iintlobo 4 iinkanyamba:

• Perturbation esibonakala intshukumo umoya ngesantya-17 m / s.
• Ukudakumba - uqina na kuluhlu 17-20 m / s.
• Mna ndinqula yinkanyamba storm ihambisa ukuya kwi-38 m / s iziko kabani.
• Ukuba isindululo yi "iliso uqhwithela" mkhulu kwe-39 m / s, oku inkanyamba.

Le kucalulo eqhelekileyo. maxa wambi Nature kuphosa uluntu "isimo" ngokohlobo amandla esingenakubonwa kwangaphambili izaqhwithi yobubanzi uncharacteristic. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1999, Western Europe ihlunguzela kwenkanyamba enamandla "Lothar". Bezulu kwangaphambili akakwazanga, njengoko amandla akhe esinombala kwakhokelela abenzi boluvo off-scale. Abanye babo nkqu usenzeleyo.

Bangaphezu kwama-70 baye bafa ngenxa izinto olulwayo lwadamba.

igama imisinga

Ukunqanda uphazamiseko kwi kwinkcazelo bezulu nkanyamba, ummandla womoya ephantsi baqala ukubiza ngalinye ngegama layo. Babonakalisa zonke parameters zayo, indawo kunye nesantya intshukumo. Kuye kwacetyiswa ukuba kubiza iinombolo zabo neeleta, amagama iintaka kunye nezilwanyana. ithandwa kakhulu ngokuba ngamagama iinkanyamba yabafazi. Kwaba lula kakuhle. Noko ke, ngasekupheleni-70 kunye amagama amadoda baye esetyenziselwa iinjongo ezinjalo. Loo nkqubo iza kunceda aphephe iimpazamo neempikiswano ngokutshintshiselana ngolwazi malunga uqhwithela ezayo.

Emva kokuhlolisisa le nkcazelo ingasentla, sinokugqiba ukuba indawo xi ephantsi - a nenkanyamba. Uzisa naye limanzi, imozulu lisibekele. Ngu amandla zizakubalulwa njenge ukuphazamiseka engephi neenkanyamba ezimbi. Ngokugqithiseleyo njenge kukwehla engephi kwimozulu, nembubhiso enkulu kunene. Ukuze siqonde indlela ezisebenza kwazo, uyakwazi ukuqonda isizathu sokuba nyaka ngamnye ngokuvela izaqhwithi ezomeleleyo neenkanyamba ukuba maxa wambi kuvela ngendlela engalindelekanga ngokupheleleyo kwiindawo zabo. Nguwo lowo ngenxa yobushushu oludalwa zizenzo zabantu kwiplanethi yethu.