Iindidi zamanzi kunye neendlela zokwakha kwazo

Imvula, iqhwa okanye isichotho - nazo zonke ezi ngqiqo esaziwayo ukususela ebuntwaneni. Sinobudlelwane obukhethekileyo ngamnye kubo. Ngoko, imvula ibangela ukubuhlungu kunye neengcamango ezinqamlekileyo, iqhwa, ngokuchaseneyo, ivuyisa kwaye iphakamisa imvakalelo. Kodwa isichotho, umzekelo, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abathanda, njengokuba banako ukudala umonakalo omkhulu kwezolimo kunye nokulimala kabuhlungu kwabo bakhona ngeli thutyana.

Sekude sifunde indlela yokumisela ngempawu zangaphandle indlela yokwehla kweemvula. Ngoko, ukuba kusasa kwisitrato kunzima kakhulu kwaye kunamafu, kunokwenzeka ukuba kunqabileyo kwimeko yemvula ende. Ngokuqhelekileyo le mvula ayinamandla kakhulu, kodwa ingaphelela usuku lonke. Ukuba amafu anzima kunye namaqabunga avela ekugqibeleni, imvula yamanzi ingenzeka ngendlela yekhephu. Amafu okukhanya ngohlobo lweentsiba ezibonisa isondlo esinzulu semvula.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke iindidi zemvula zibangelwa ziinkqubo ezinzima kakhulu kwaye zide kakhulu kwihlabathi lomhlaba. Ngoko, ukwenza imvula eqhelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa izinto ezintathu: ilanga, ubuso bomhlaba kunye nomoya.

Imvula yezulu ishushu ...

Ukunyuselwa kwamanzi kumanzi kumanzi okanye kummandla oqinileyo, ukuphuma ngaphandle kwemoya. Imvula ingasweleka ngqo kumhlaba womhlaba okanye ihlale kuyo okanye nayiphi na enye into.

Isixa semvula kwindawo ethile singalinganiswa. Ukulinganisa ubungakanani babo buninzi bamanzi kwiimitha. Kule meko, izithintelo eziqinileyo ziyakuncibilikiswa. Umyinge wesilinganiso semvula ngomnyaka kwi-1000 mm. Kwiindawo ezinxweme ezitshatyalaliswayo, akuyi kuphinda kufike i-200-300 mm, kwaye indawo eyingozi kunazo zonke kwiNtaba yase-Atacama, apho umlinganiselo wonyaka wonyaka wezantyalathiso ochanekileyo ungama-3 mm.

Inkqubo yemfundo

Bazenza njani, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempompo? Iskimu sokwenza kwabo sisinye, kwaye sisekelwe kumjikelezo oqhubekayo wamanzi kwindalo. Makhe siqwalasele le nkqubo ngokubanzi.

Konke kuqala ngento yokuba ilanga liqala ukufudumala umhlaba. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lokufudumala, amanzi amaninzi aqulethwe elwandle, ulwandle, imilambo, aguqulwa ibe ngumphunga wamanzi, ukuxuba nomoya. Iinkqubo zokuphefumula zenzeka kwimihla, rhoqo, kumlinganiselo omkhulu okanye ngaphantsi. Imiqulu yesakhiwo se-steam ixhomekeke kwisiqingatha sendawo, kunye nokunyaniseka kwemisebe yelanga.

Ukongezelela, umoya omanzi uyavutha uphinde uqale, ngokwemithetho engaqinisekanga ye-physics, ukuba iphakame. Emva kokuphakama kwindawo ephakamileyo, iphosa, kwaye umswakama kuyo iphenduka ngamaconsi amanzi okanye kwi-crystal. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-condensation, kwaye ivela kwiintlobo zengqimba zamanzi ezenza ukuba sizuze esibhakabhakeni.

Ukuphosa emafini akhula kwaye akhule ngakumbi, athatha ukunyuka okungaphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, baba nzima kangangokuthi abanakukwazi ukubamba emoyeni, kwaye bawa phantsi. Ngaloo ndlela, imvula yamanzi iyazalwa, iindidi zayo zixhomekeka kwiimeko ezithile zemozulu kwindawo ethile.

Amanzi awile phezu komhlaba ahamba phezu kwexesha kwimifula emifuleni nasemilwandle. Emva koko umjikelo wendalo kwimbulunga yendawo iphindaphindiwe kwakhona.

Imvula yamanzi: iindidi zeempompo

Njengoko sele kuthethwe ngaye, kukho inamba enkulu yeendidi zamanzi. Iimeteorologists zabela ezimbalwa.

Zonke iindidi zemvula ziyakwazi ukwahlula zibe ngamaqela amathathu aphezulu:

• Ukuqhuma;
• Complex;
• Imvula yamanzi.

Imvula ingaba yinkonzo (imvula, imvula, inkungu) okanye nzima (iqhwa, isichotho, iqhwa).

Imvula

Luhlobo oluthile lokunyuselwa kwamanzi ngendlela yamaconsi amanzi awela phantsi phantsi kwefuthe lobunzima. Ubukhulu be-droplet buyahlukahluka: ukusuka kwi-0.5 ukuya kwi-5 imitha ububanzi. Amadonsa emvula, ewela emanzini, ashiye kumanzi ajikelezayo ajikeleza ngendlela ejikelezayo.

Ngokuxhomekeke ekutheni, imvula ingaba yinkomo, ikhuni okanye isiphepho. Kwakhona, lolu hlobo lwamanzi lubonakalisiwe, njengemvula nekhephu.

Imvula yeqhwa yinto ekhethekileyo yokunyuselwa kwezulu, eyenzeka kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi komoya. Musa ukudibanisa nabo ngesichotho. Imvula yeqhwa yilapho ihla ehlobo lweebhola ezincinci, ngaphakathi apho amanzi. Ukuwa emhlabathini, iibhola ezinjalo ziphukile, kwaye amanzi aphuma kuwo, ekhokelela ekwakheni iqhwa eliyingozi.

Ukuba ubukhulu bemvula buphakamileyo (malunga ne-100 mm ngeyure), ngoko kuthiwa i-shower. Iimbonisi zenziwa kwiindawo ezibandayo zengqungquthela, ngaphakathi kwemida yabantu abanokungaqiniseki. Njengomthetho, ziyabonwa kwiindawo ezincinane kakhulu.

Iqhwa

Ezi ziqhumane zomeleleyo ziwela ngaphandle kweqondo lokushisa lomoya kwaye zineendlela zekhefu zekhephu, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-snowflakes.

Ngexesha lekhephu, ukubonakala kubonakala kuncitshiswe kakhulu, kunye nekhefu elinzima linokuba liphantsi kweekhilomitha ezili-1. Ngexesha leqabunga elinzima, iqhwa elibuthathaka liyakwazi ukugcinwa kwanezulu elingenamlilo. Ngokwahlukileyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zekhephu ziyabonakala, njengeqhwa elimanzi - lichithwa, liye linyuka kwiindawo ezincinci kunye namaqondo okushisa.

Grad

Olu hlobo lwesimo sezulu esomeleleyo senziwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo (ubuncinane ubuncinane beekhilomitha ezingama-5), apho ubushushu bomoya buhlala buphantsi - 15 °.

Isichotho senzeke njani? Yenziwe ngamaconsi amanzi, abuye ahla, aze aphakame ngokukhawuleza kwiimvolti zomoya obandayo. Ngaloo ndlela, iibhola ezinkulu zeqhwa zenziwa. Ubungakanani babo buxhomekeke kwixesha elide kangakanani le nkqubo iyenzeka emoyeni. Kuye kubekho iimeko xa isichotho sitshitshiswa phantsi esilinganisa i-1-2 kilogram!

I-Gradina kwisakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi ifana kakhulu ne-anyanisi: iqukethe iindidi ezininzi zeqhwa. Unako ukuzibala, njengokuba iindandatho zemithi ye-spruce zibalwe, kwaye ziqikelela ukuba zingaphi amaxesha amathontsi aqhuba ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwimoya.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba isichotho-le yinkathazo yangempela kwezolimo, kuba inokutshabalalisa zonke izityalo kwisityalo. Ukongezelela, akunakwenzeka ukucacisa indlela yesichotho kwangaphambili. Iqala ngokukhawuleza kwaye yenzeke, njengomthetho, ngexesha lehlobo lehlobo.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba iifomferensi zomoya zenziwe njani. Iintlobo zemvula ziyakubonakala zihluke kakhulu, ezenza isimo sethu sihle kwaye siyingqayizivele. Zonke iinkqubo ezenzeka kuyo zilula, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo libalaseleyo.