Eyona engundoqo lwalunjani St. Petersburg: a ngokutsha yembali umdla facts

Kwihlabathi kukho izixeko ezininzi kufuneka kutyelela zonke lomqhubi. Omnye wabo - Peter. Kuyinto indawo enkulu kudala zibizwa ngokuba ukufunyaniswa ezikhumbuzo kunye namabali. Uluhlu ezinika ezithandwayo St. Petersburg yinto engaphele ndawo. Kukho inani enkulu kumabhotwe kunye ezikhumbuzo, idumileyo ehlabathini lonke. Ukuba uza kutyelela lo mzi, inqaku wethu kuwe.

abaphumeleleyo

Wonke ke umntu ozayo apha ufuna ukutyelela iindawo eziphambili St. Petersburg. Ikubeka ezi zindawo esizenzayo kunzima ngokwaneleyo, kodwa unako ukuhlawula ingqalelo ncomo. Enkosi kubo, uya elawo yayo, isilinganiso kwemiqathango. Kwindawo yokuqala, njengesiqhelo, kuba yiMidlalo Palace. Ngaye siya sithethe ngayo kamva. indawo yesibini eya Cathedral yayingeyiyo eSt kaIsake. Oku kulandelwa ecaweni ezimbini edumileyo ngakumbi - Cathedral koMsindisi kwi Igazi iphalale kunye Kazan.

Indawo yesihlanu yaba Ibhotwe Square, emva imyuziyam kwakhe ezinkulu - i Hermitage. umgca wesixhenxe uPetros Paul Fortress, apha - lo Cruiser "Aurora". Uluhlu "ezinomtsalane zibalulekileyo St. Petersburg" ukuvala odumileyo Ibronzi sabakhweli , kunye Russian Museum State.

Kakade ke, loo nto yonke. Akukho ngokwaneleyo kwaye Nevsky Prospekt, i-Bridge Anichkov, i Kunstkammer kunye aseChamps de Mars. Le wabatyeleli nguye nzima ukufumana iindawo eziphambili St. Petersburg. Olu luhlu angaya kwi wotshi zabo uthumele umhambi Museum-endlini Pushkin kwi Moika, kukho ikholam rostral kwi eweni iYunivesithi okanye endlwini uPetros Yokuqala.

zimbalwa iinkcukacha

ESt Petersburg kakhulu kwiindawo nekulula akwazi ukufumana wonke. Apha kukho isifundo kubo bonke: utyelelo kwiimyuziyam, zemiboniso, imiboniso kunye Ikonsathi ezinkulu. Le ndawo sele kudala ingqalelo embindini ezo neenkcubeko ezimbini: Slavic nabaseYurophu. Nangona isibakala sokuba St. Petersburg waba ngumzi omkhulu, liziko babakhenkethi, ngoku iinkulungwane 3 wahlala benobubele.

Ngaphambilana siye safunda sites simo kazwelonke, kwaye ngoku ijongane ngamnye kubo. Sifunda izinto ezinomdla kunye namabali umdla ezifihla emva ezikhumbuzo, iicawe amabhotwe.

ucebile

Mhlawumbi nokutsala iphambili St. Petersburg - nto Winter Palace. Apha ixesha elide, ukusuka 1762 ukuya 1904, yaba yokuhlala labalawuli. Eli bhotwe imali eninzi kakhulu yaye eclectic eSt Petersburg. ukuzalwa yayo kutyunjwe 1754 kulo nyaka xa Rastrelli odumileyo wathabatha ukwakha into emangalisayo kunye grand.

Ekuqaleni, lo bhotwe kwakhelwa Elizabeth, kodwa kwagqitywa phantsi uCatherine II. Emva kokugqitywa ukwakhiwa ibhotwe ukuba nokubakho a ngaphezu kwewaka amagumbi. Kangangeenkulungwane, ngaphakathi kwibhotwe latshintshwa, yaye kuphela Jordan IZinyuko wahlala ukusuka uhlobo lokuqala. Kufunyenwe igama layo ngenxa yokuba udlula zonke ngenxa Iintsikelelo asebukhosini kulenkonzo Amanzi oko, mhlawumbi "Jordan", leyo kuthiwa umngxuma sikumkhenkce Neva.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwakhiwa inani Hermitage Small, apho baqalisa ukugcina imisebenzi uCatherine Art Omkhulu. Okulandelayo ebhotwe bakha Old Hermitage langoku yokubonela. Yaye ngenkulungwane ye-19 ngomhla yezigidi esitratweni wabonakala Hermitage Entsha. I-Winter Palace yaba liziko lokuqala kwisakhiwo wezakhiwo lonke.

ngaphezu kwamafu

Ezinomtsalane eziphambili St. Petersburg salungiselela abakhenkethi ezininzi amabali umdla. Elandelayo lweFIFA - Cathedral St. kaIsake. Ngaphandle kweqiniso ukuba ibandla inkulu Orthodox e St. Petersburg, yenye izakhiwo uThixo amajukujuku iphakamileyo ehlabathini.

Imbali yale Cathedral lwaqalisa nebandla elincinane somthi imbeko kaIsake. Ngowe-1712, oko liyindoda uPetros kuye umfazi wakhe wesibini. Kamva, indlu ngamatye. Emva kwexesha elithile, oko wadalwa iprojekthi wesithathu, Nezingathanga ukuthobela yokubhala wokwakha. Kwagqitywa ukuba kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso. kweminyaka Kuphela 9 kamva iprojekthi wezakhiwo oselula Auguste de Montferrand yasetyenziswa.

Njengokuba ezininzi 4 engamashumi yathatha umsebenzi kwi yecawa. Kuba ejamelene kwathabatha izimbiwa rock 43. Ukongezelela lenyengane, kukho zingwevu, eluhlaza kunye yellow nezemarmore, neyaspisi, abomvu kunye nabanye. Ngenxa yobukhulu balo le yecawa kungaba ukubamba abantu 12,000.

In memory of the loMlawuli ungasekhoyo

Ngowe-1881, ngomhla woku-1 Matshi, yena ngoncwino longxwelerhiweyo Alexander II, ngubani ke ngoko kwenziwa isigqibo sokuba kwakhiwe le ndawo indlwana ngamaplanga. Kwenzeka ukuba le ntaba angawaconganga, kunye namanye amaphondo, Nomalizo kwaqalisa ukuphuma. Kwi imali eqokelelweyo baye bagqiba ukwakha itempile enkulu - enguMsindisi kwi kweGazi iphalale.

Le projekthi ivakaliswa '24, yaye ngowe-1907 weza ehlabathini. endaweni Xa laseRashiya tsarist beza urhulumente waseSoviet, inkxaso yemali ngxi epheleleyo. Ekupheleni kwale 30 kulo lonke wagqiba mabaziqhaqhe itempile. Kodwa ngenxa kubalulekile ishishini impi phezu backburner. Church yoVuko wavula ngokupheleleyo de kube sekupheleni 90, ukulungiswa.

Ngaphakathi ibandla ibukeka eliqaqambileyo njengoko ngaphandle. Oku kungenxa yokuba ekuqaleni kuza etempileni kufuneka anyulwe kuphela, ngoko ke namhlanje sikwazi ukubona ingqokelela enkulu yamatye semi-anqabileyo, kumgangatho okuhombisa ezimbejembeje loo ndawo akubulali, apho wayebulewe uKhesare. Kwakhona ukususela ngaloo mini kabuhlungu walondoloza ukupheyiva amatye, yawayo kumkani.

Magugu ukugcinwa

Kanye abalawuli Russian eYurophu ezininzi ngexesha uPawulos Petrovich. Wayengakwazi ukubona ngokwaneleyo yamaRoma Cathedral of St. uPetros wayefuna ukubona ukufika i mmangaliso wezakhiwo ezifana ekhaya. Ezinomtsalane eziphambili St. Petersburg sele ngelo xesha grand. Ke umlawuli wabhengeza ukhuphiswano, kwaye ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuba udale into umdla ngakumbi.

Kazan Cathedral indawo lixesha kwiCawa Yokuzalwa of the Virgin. msebenzi wakhe uphambili yaba ukugcina oyidingayo emkhosini - i Kazan Icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Ukhuphiswano iphumelele umyili Voronikhin, kodwa ukuze babeke yecawa kuphela emva kokubulawa soMhlekazi.

Ngexesha ubukho yecawa yaba nguvimba amaxhoba. Oku kwasizi- banner umkhosi waseFransi emva kwemfazwe, kwakukho kwakhona agcinwe amaqhosha iinqaba afunyenwe amaphulo.

Qokelela zonke ngabakhenkethi

Xa lweFIFA kwindawo yesihlanu yaba Palace Square. Le yindawo abayithandayo abakhenkethi kunye baloo dolophu apha badla ziququzelele iziganeko zoluntu kunye Ikonsathi. Kwakhona, le ndawo ngokwenene ingqalelo lomculo zokwakha, elakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-18.

Kwabonakala Igama square Bulelani Winter Palace, nto leyo iqhele apha. Ukongeza, kukho lakhiwe kwikomkhulu ephambili, owasekwa ngo-1819. Uyemka ngobunye kulo arch, nto leyo, into surmounted yi inqwelo ethwele uthixokazi Nike.

Kwakhona kwi Palace Square nguye Alexander Column odumileyo, nto leyo nomtsalane kubakhenkethi ethandwayo. Wabonakala ngo-1834 ngenxa Montferrand. Ikholam elimiswe ukuba ukukhumbula uloyiso phezu uNapoleon, kwaye ipleyiti Bulelani Alexander I, egameni yonke Russia. Nanamhla oku, esi sakhiwo ibamba kuphela ngenxa ubunzima nondiliseko yayo

Area waqoqa izinto eziphambili kwimbali St. Petersburg, kwaye ichaphazela ubukhulu bayo kunye nobuhle bokwakha.

Le ubukhulu inkcubeko

Cultural History Museum wabonakala ngo 1764. Ngoko ke nje ingqokelela wangasese uKumkanikazi. 220 Imizobo wafaka abandwendweli elide lakwaWinter Palace, wabiza "Hermitage" - ". Endaweni eyintlango" Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, nengqokelela yemisebenzi linyuke, kwaye ngoku imyuziyam ithatha 6 izakhiwo zembali. Sinokutsho ukuba ezinika eziphambili St. Petersburg zingafunyanwa kuphela kwi ezitratweni kodwa kwi Hermitage.

nomondli emzini

indawo okungaqhelekanga ingqalelo yinqaba. Kwakhona uzifihlile zonke izinto eziphambili St. Petersburg: iindonga enamandla, zintaba kunye ravelins, isango engaqhelekanga ngaphambili, ukwakhiwa zetyeleba kwingqwayi-kumakhaya Iinjineli.

Xa embindini lomculo bokwakha yi omangalisayo uPetros noPawulos Cathedral. Kufuphi naye, abakhenkethi ukutyelela Museum yembali mzi, imiboniso ezahlukeneyo kunye ukucacisa.

impumelelo marine

Musa uzakufun aukugqithisa iqela abakhenkethi Cruiser "Aurora". Esi sikhephe-museum itsala abatyeleli nokuba ukusuka elunxwemeni. Ubukhulu Cruiser izimangalo, ngoko nje imyuziyam, luphawu mzi. "Aurora" ukukhusela izithuthi Russian kwiimfazwe ezimbini, yaye wakwenza oko kakhulu kakuhle, ngoko ke akukho nto, ukuba ikwazile ukuba abe ngomnye ezinomtsalane eziphambili.

udumo uPeter

I yeBronzi abamahashe yeyona ethandwa lesikhumbuzo uPetros Omkhulu. UCatherine II ixesha elide wacebisana amagcisa, ngoko bamnceda kunye ukubonakala imikrolo. Kodwa apha umzobi ngokwakhe - Falcone - ngoyaba zonke izicelo wadala lesikhumbuzo njengoko akubona oko.

Sculpture waba ekhululekile kwaye ekhumbulekayo. UPetros ikhangeleka ngathi umlawuli onamandla, obunenjongo kwisigqibo.

nerekhodi

The State Russian Museum ephelelisa ezinika yethu yokomfuziselo rated of St. Petersburg. Ngaphandle yokuba yaba imyuziyam wokuqala arts eRashiya, njengoko inkulu ehlabathini. Kuye kwavulwa emva ngo-1898 ngokomyalelo uNicholas II.

Ngoku ziyaqokelelwa ngaphezulu kwama-320 amawaka nemiboniso. Omdala bobabo ngenkulungwane ye-11. Ukongeza, i-Russian Museum - inezakhiwo ezisixhenxe, kuquka Benois Wing, Mikhailovsky Palace, Marble Inqaba kunye nezinye iindawo.