Biography Bazhov Paul Petrovich. ababhali Russian

Yintoni unxulumano ntoni na xa usiva igama Bazhov Pavel Petrovich? Ngaba oko, kwingcamango yakho kubonakala kwangoko amatye ezintabeni kunye nezilwanyana amazing ezingabonwayo, uyinkosikazi Copper Intaba kunye Danila-inkosi ... ke okona kubalulekileyo - indlela eyodwa yombhali. It wabonakala kuthi njengendoda enkulu eyavelela endala ngeembadada shirt holschovoy kangaka yaye indlela yam isixelela malunga nezimanga abantwana abancinane ngcu ezitulweni kwibhanka.

Ukuzalwa le folklorist enkulu

Biography Bazhov asuka kwi Urals mveliso kwilali Sysert, apho kamva waba dolophu. Umbhali elizayo wazalwa ngoJanuwari 1879. Uyise induna wam.

Le nkwenkwe rhoqo weva imbali ezahlukeneyo engaqhelekanga kunye nezithethe zabantu Urals kubazali kunye nabasebenzi zezityalo imigodi. Mhlawumbi sele nguwo imvelaphi ekuyileni ezimangalisayo abemi ezininzi ezimangalisayo zeentaba kunye namahlathi. Ngenye indlela, iintsomi, wabetha ekuyileni mphuphi omncinane, ifumana ulwandiso sayo ezahlukeneyo amabali Amazing kakhulu.

ukubunjwa

Njengabo bonke abantwana ngexesha lakhe, uPawulos wafunda kwiminyaka emithathu kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Noko ke, ufundisiso wanikwa kuye lula, kodwa ngenxa yokuba omnye wabafundi kakhulu amanzi ayo, ngembeko abemkileyo esikolweni yaye wahlabela mgama nezifundo phambili kwisikolo yonqulo kamva sobufundisi. Ngokubanzi, biography Bazhov zinokufakwa isithsaba imfundo ngempumelelo ngezakwaLizwi kwizifundo, yaye ihlabathi soze nimazile zonke ngamakhubalo zonke intsomi phambene.

Noko ke, umbhali elizayo akazange avume ukuthatha imiyalelo ezingcwele. Ke ngoko ndaqalisa ukuzama izandla zabo ezahlukeneyo ndlela. yaqala ekufundiseni ulwimi Russian esikolweni ezincinane ezisemaphandleni iintsuku zomsebenzi. Kodwa kungekudala emva italente entsha babenikelwe ukufundiswa koncwadi Russian kunye Church Slavonic kunye Russian e Yekaterinburg zonqulo esikolweni.

Kunye nokufundisa kubomi lombhali wangena kunye eninzi uthando - Valentine Ivanitskaya, omnye wabafundi bakhe. Nge ngobomi yakhe Bazhov ukuqala ukubala ubomi bosapho.

Njengoko umbhali kwavela lwemveli

Kuloo minyaka, lo mphengululi lokuqala baqalisa azinako ukuqokelela lwemveli phambene. Oku kwenzeka ehlelekile Bazhov mini-zobuntlola ezilalini kunye needolophana. Ubhidwe umbhali wabhala phantsi yonke ingafumana malunga lwemveli: iingoma, iintsomi, izicengcelezo izityalo kunye neziqhulo, iindidi zaklichki kwesithethe, izaci nezafobe. Umbhali nabo bathatha iifoto abasebenzi kunye nabalimi ngesinxibo bemveli.

Kakade ke, abantu belali zasabela kutitshala lukhuni yephondo, kunjalo uzimisele ukuba babelane ngamabali kunye neentsomi yookhokho babo. Kwaye ke eli chudinka kwavula isiseko esiluqilima indalo kakhulu yokuqala fantasy yombhali.

Age of isiyaluyalu

Kwaye ngoko Russia phezu amaxesha kunzima, eyayinzima lonke Nakule mihla, iimfazwe zehlabathi, ukuvukelwa ngeentlekele omkhulu. Kunzima ukucinga oko mintlhaveko kwafuneka anyamezele ngokweemvakalelo, umntu ngokunzulu zokomoya ngamaxesha ezoyikekayo iRashiya. Ke Bazhov, njengoko indoda zizifundiswa, ayikwazanga ukuqonda indlela ekunzima ngayo ohlala eRashiya, wabasebenzi elula nzima njengoko yindlala ezilalini kunye needolophana. Kwaye ke, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ndathabatha ngakwicala ye'Bolsheviks waza waba wamaKomanisi.

Akukho lula ngaloo mihla zaba BAZhOVA usapho, njengoko, okunene, nabo bonke abo kwakufuneka ubomi ngamaxesha entlekele ezinkulu. Lonke ixesha eyaqhubeka War Civil, umbhali wabanjwa kabini. Nanini wakwazi ukubaleka entolongweni. Kuyaziwa, xa Bazhov nesiqingatha kwabafileyo, Ndisinde entolongweni kwaye basindiswe umlimi, walufaka kuyo inqwelo yakhe hay.

Ubomi phantsi Amaqumrhu

Emva kwemfazwe BAZhOVA ntsapho bakwazi ukubuyela kwilizwe labo. Indlu encinane, nelawula wokwakha phambi kombuso, ngoku usapho kwabonakala indawo kakhulu ukhululekile yaye kubize. Kule ndlu umbhali wayephila uninzi lobomi bakhe abadala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngoku ke ukho,, sele njengokuba museum indlu Bazhov.

Kude kube 30, uPawulos Petrovich wakha umsebenzi wakhe isigama "iphephandaba yamahlwempu" ngoko ethandwayo. Lo msebenzi uye ukuba umbhali kuphela ukuxhasa usapho lwakhe, kodwa ukuqhubeka uthando lwam kwaye okona kubalulekileyo ngumbandela yobomi - fumana lobuciko kunye nokubhala lwemveli engaqhelekanga yombhali.

Akuzange kube lula ukubhala intsapho ngaloo mihla. Amahla ndinyuka isiphelo luntsileka ebomini Bazhov iimvavanyo ngakumbi nangakumbi. He ngokuphindaphindiweyo uphum'aphele leliqela, agxothwa ofisi, wada wazama ukuba ukuphinda-abanjwe. Noko ke, kwaba ngaloo kunzima maxesha, ukungaqiniseki yapapashwa incwadi yokuqala Pavla Bazhova "phambene baba" (1924). Ngelo xesha linye umbhali uye wafumana umhleli position and ikhankanywe ngasentla.

Njengoko azalwe "Tales phambene"

30 ayengabemi Soviet ezinzima kakhulu. Yindlala abantu baya nayiphi yabanolwimi nasentlebendwaneni ngenxa ukusinda, kunye kule mfazwe, njengokuba sisazi, zonke ezilungileyo. Kwanele amazwi kakubi ezetyisiweyo wathi ngempazamo ubutshaba into okanye i ummelwane eziqhelekileyo ukuze omnye kubantu ebusuku weza kunye nezixhobo, wamsa eHotele ukuba ngumsebenzi unknown intakumba oluqhelekileyo. Yintoni ukuba uthini umhleli yonke phephandaba!

Ngowe-1937, umbhali Bazhov waphinda wabanjwa. Kodwa ke, njengokuba ngaphambili, wakwazi ukuphepha isohlwayo. Ngokucacileyo, ezinye imikhosi yasezulwini yamonga italente zenzalo. Nakuba kule meko, xa intsapho kwafuneka ntimfa waphila ulusizana, Bazhov biography njengoko umbhali ufumene kwinqanaba elitsha. Bazhov ngaphezu konyaka ezimele ekhaya evela NKVD. Ngoxa esekuthinjweni, umbhali, uzimisele ukusebenza, waqalisa ukubhala "Tales phambene 'yakhe.

iincwadi ezingaqhelekanga

Mhlawumbi hayi kwimbali uncwadi Russian yababhali njengoPawulos Bazhov. Eneneni, ukuba bathi ukuba umbhali of Creation inokuba efanayo, noko ngobuqhophololo. Kodwa namhlanje ngokulula thina ukuchaza uhlobo ubuncinane kube ubonisa ngemisebenzi yababhali Russian. Ngokomzekelo, akukho namnye uya kwamathandabuzo ukuba Anton Pavlovich Chehov wabhala amabali ikakhulu amafutshane, ulwalathiso becala ezihlekisayo. Kanye njengokuba kungekho amathandabuzo omnye kuvela ukuba "Gingerbread" - Russian intsomi.

Kodwa yintoni ukubiza isenzeko ukuba wadala Pavel Petrovich Bazhov - "Tales phambene"? Ezi ncwadi kunzima ukuba singathi enzeka ngamabona umbhali kwezi ntlobo eziqhelekileyo zoncwadi. Mhlawumbi, enye ityekele ukuthwala amabali yakhe emfutshane iintsomi abantwana njengesiqhelo, okanye, kwi okubi, ukuze epics. Kodwa, ukuba ukhangela ngokusondeleyo, kuyacaca ukuba abantwana hayi ifilosofi nobulumko abantu imbali enkulu, yenziwe kweepateni, ezintetho inzulu ayinikiwe kwizinyanya ezikude-kude.

ukuqaphela

Ngethamsanqa, lo folklorist Russian omkhulu Paul Bazhov iphumelele bayamkeleka ngokubanzi ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi. Oku kusebenza kuzo zombini nabantu kunye neengqondo aphezulu boncwadi. Inyaniso kukuba, ngaphandle ingcinezelo yezopolitiko, ixesha elide, uPawulos Bazhov wayesaziwa kwizangqa yoncwadi njenge "kumqokeleli lwemveli." Kwaye ngenxa yokuba abahlalutyi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba zonke iincwadi Bazhov mayisekelwe kuphela izinto eziqokelelweyo kwaye akufunekanga ezinxulumene umbhali ngokwakhe.

Noko ke, kwiminyaka emininzi yomsebenzi yemidlalo nako Kwathi lilambathayo umbhali. Iminyaka umsebenzi lokudala bazisa imisebenzi emininzi yantlandlolo, leyo kuba neqhayiya Bazhov. "Le Tales phambene" - imisebenzi edume umbhali, yaye amenza ingqalelo ixesha elide-dala elindiwe kwaye nodumo.

Noko ke, ubuchule zombhali akupheleli namabali kuphela. Kukho phakathi imisebenzi lombhali kunye upapasho, kunye memoirs.

Kwakhona Kuyaphawuleka ukuba abalawuli ngoku babekuthanda kakhulu yendalo Paul Bazhov and happy ukuyisebenzisa ngemise- zabo. Xa ibali enkulu umbhali ladubula bhanya ezifana "The Stone Flower", "Le nyoka Golden", "Stepanova memo" kunye nabanye.

Kakade ke, uphiliso kwenzeka yokugqibela, "Sinyushkin kakuhle", "Malachite Box" yaye "uphuphu Silver" - kuphela inxalenye encinane kwimizobo, isekelwe phezu imisebenzi lombhali.

Engahlawulwanga ingqalelo kuyo iMbangi Abaqambi yelo xesha. Imisebenzi idumileyo classical olubhaliweyo lusekelwe phezu intsomi Bazhov, ngokufanelekileyo ithathwe ballet Prokofiev esithi "I Tale of the Stone Flower".

Ekuphetheni

Biography Bazhov inokuba nomahluko ukuba kwakungekho xesha, ukuba indawo kodwa ke kukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukukhumbula zonke "ukuba" ... Kodwa akukho nto ehlabathini kwenzeka ngaphandle intsingiselo.

Okumangalisayo ezahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi, ukuba ilenze kunye amathuba zonke izilingo ezininzi embi kakhulu banyamezela yi umbhali, Bazhov Pavel Petrovich unako ukusindisa nangoku ngakhanyi kakhulu kwaye ngqo, ukuba kuphela abantwana abancinane sinjani. Mhlawumbi olu phawu ezikhuselweyo ndalisindisa indoda enkulu ivela ukudimazeka. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba ngamnye kuthi kukho okuthile afuna ukufunda omnye wababhali ulumkileyo kakhulu yokuqala.