Brahman - oku ... I-Terms in India

India lilizwe kunye nenkcubeko umdla kakhulu yamandulo. Eluntwini Indian mihla impembelelo lwenkcubeko owayesakuba isekhona ngayo. Le ezinawo liphezulu eluntwini Indiya kudala ingqalelo Terms, okanye njengoko ibizwa Terms. Terms, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Sudras - ngubani na ke? Yintoni ubunzima kuluntu lo okanye Varna? Ungubani Terms? Khawuqwalasele le mibuzo iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu.

Indian legend

I AmaNdiya ndithi ilivo echaza imbonakalo varnas ezine (iintlobo). Ngokutsho ibali, wabahlula abantu kwiiklasi uthixo uthole, nokuhlahlela Purusha protoplast. emlonyeni Purusha, ahamba yaba Brahmin, izandla zakhe - kwi Kshatriyas, hip - Vaishya, kunye nemilenze - Sudra. Ukususela ngoko, amaNdiya ngeenkani wabahlula abantu iindidi, nto leyo kakhulu ukufumanisa okumiselwe wonke ummi weli lizwe.

Icandelo iindidi kumaxesha amandulo kunye nefuthe lazo kuluntu namhlanje

Nangokodidi ekuhlaleni, okanye amaqembu athile oluntu, kodwa ube negalelo elikhulu kubantu yaseIndiya, nangona ngo-1950 umthetho phezu kukwahlukana abemi kuzo irhoxisiwe. Kubonakaliswa kwemithetho yamandulo zisekhona - yaye oqaphelekayo xa sidibana nabantu ababini ziphantsi ngokuphathelele efanayo. Malunga engazibaleli icandelo ethile yoluntu ithi kuphela yokuziphatha kwamaNdiya, kodwa amagama abo. Ngokomzekelo, igama Gandhi, Kakade ke, bobabo buso iindidi zorhwebo ka Gujarat, kwaye brahmin - a Egupti, Dikshit, Bhattacharya.

Kshatriyas - class penny

Ukongeza Terms, uluntu Indiya baziindidi-3 - kukho Kshatriyas, Vaishyas kunye Sudras. Kshatriyas - wesibini malunga nobume ngokuphathelele emva Terms, equka amajoni, abavikeli ngurhulumente. Igama eli ngokuphathelele lithetha "amandla", ngoko ke akukho nto isimanga yokuba ngeyabo kubalawuli emininzi Indian. Kshatriyas liyi yokuba amalungelo ezikhethekileyo - bathi ndlela-ntle zokubonisa enjalo imvakalelo, ezifana nomsindo, ukutshiseka, njalo-njalo, bona asohlwaye Xolela ... UMthetho bona ngaphezu kwayo yonke enye into. Kwakhona kule ngokuphathelele ukwenza amajoni kakhulu, amagosa, nkqu ukulawula ngamafa. elide sele kudlule Terms abacebisi Kshatriya - le INTSEBENZISWANO bemvisiswano, njengoko lo msebenzi Terms kwaba ukusebenza ingqondo kunye Kshatriya kwafuneka enze. ifilosofi yamaHindu ucinga ezinye iindidi, ubume ngaphantsi.

Vaisyas - iingcibi kunye nabathengisi

Vaisyas - bona abameli imo ngokuphathelele wesithathu (ngokutsho kuguqulelo mnye, igama eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "zixhomekeke" kwelinye - 'abantu'). Kucingwa kakhulu zininzi, njengoko kuye ke amagcisa, abarhwebi, ababolekisa. Noko ke, kwiminyaka yakutshanje kucingwa abarhwebi Varna, kuba kumaxesha amandulo, amaKristu amaninzi baye balahlekelwa indawo yabo, ukuqala waqonda njengoko Sudras - le Varna yesine, kwanala malunga nemeko (zamadoda abahluphekayo - a ngokuphathelele ezizodwa namaNdiya).

Sudras: abasebenzi kunye nezicaka

Sudra - aba ngabantu abo aphantsi. Ukuba Varna liphezulu ingqalelo njengabameli bakaThixo Terms, Sudras singene kwinqwanqwa lisezantsi, kwaye umsebenzi wabo ukukhonza varnas ezintathu ngaphezulu. Xa bahlukene kwi-net (Terms ungenza isidlo ezandleni zabo) nengahlambulukanga. Kukholelwa ukuba eli ngokuphathelele iye yaphuhliswa kamva ngaphezu kwabanye, kwaye kwakugcwele abantu abaphulukana ilizwe labo, kwakunye amakhoboka kunye nabaqeshi. Kule mihla Sudras ekunokuthiwa phantse yonke yabemi India. Kukho kwakhona i Untouchable, leyo, enyanisweni, asisiso nayiphi Varna. Oku kuquka abalobi, oonongogo, konosilarha, abadlali ezitalatweni kunye namagcisa ehanjiswayo. Private noYada abahluphekayo zonke unique - luquka njenga- mantombazana, namagosa, njalo-njalo abahluphekayo phantse zodwa ngokupheleleyo ukusuka amaNdiya yelo kwezinye iindidi - .. Bona awunalo ilungelo nje ukuthetha nabo, kodwa ukuchukumisa izambatho zabo. Kananjalo akuvumelekanga ukuba bayaya kumaziko oluntu nezokuhamba zezithuthi zikawonke. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, makhe sithethe Brahman, leyo, ngokwahlukileyo ukuya abahluphekayo, ingqalelo nangokodidi kakhulu ehlonelwayo India kwaye banandiphe amalungelo akhethekileyo.

Brahman - emele eziphezulu ngokuphathelele e-Indiya, i-analogue le ngokomoya yaseYurophu. Aba bantu amalungu ngokuphathelele ephakamileyo. Kumaxesha amandulo, xa ezandleni Terms ijolise onke amandla. Baba ngababingeleli, abacebisi ookumkani, nabagcini-ngqangi yamandulo, ootitshala kunye izazinzulu. Phakathi Terms Kwakhona wadibana iimonki kunye neejaji. Ngaphambili, lo msebenzi wabo imfundo yabantwana kunye nokwahlula babo nangokodidi ekuhlaleni - lo mfundisi abahlalutya le yokuziphatha umntwana. Kule mihla Varna idluliswa, ngokuqhelekileyo ilifa, oko kulungile, ngokuba nangokodidi ngalinye baneempawu umlinganiswa ngamnye, njengoko uThixo uthi ubuHindu. Umzekelo, i Brahmans msebenzi - indalo kunye nokukhululwa. Brahmin Classic ecinga iingxaki zehlabathi, oko egxile into nzulu kunye real ngakumbi. Kshatriyas bakholelwa ukuba eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo - lisenza umsebenzi, ngokuba vaisyas - yabantwana i Sudras - neziyolo zenyama.

Ethetha isichazi-magama

Igama elithi "Brahmin" liguqulelwe mandulo Indian ulwimi nesiSanskriti lithetha "umoya", imele ukuba agcine linegunya, ngubani na ungowasemzini, kwaye unomdla kwimicimbi yehlabathi. Kwakhona, lo gama umthandazo.

Ngokutsho komnye ukutyhilwa, i Brahmans ekuthiwa iincwadi ezingcwele, nto leyo imele izimvo Vedas (ekuthiwa ukuqokelelwa izibhalo lidala olwimi).

Brahman --sobulumko, kuye umbingeleli ayeze kwaye nkqu irhuluneli elide. Bona enxulumene amaNdiya kunye uluntu aphezulu osondele unqulo, yaye ngaloo ndlela kuThixo. Noko ke, ubuHindu ayikho lokuzibona ezona amaxesha njengoko inani amaHindu, Ngokwezibalo, kukho ngaphantsi kwe amaKristu namaSilamsi. Okwangoku, Noko ke, abaninzi Terms eIndiya aphuhliswe ngokupheleleyo abantu, aliyeki ukufunda nokukhula ngengqondo. Bazama ukugcina isimo sabo, ukulondoloza isithethe yamandulo. Kodwa ngaba bonke kamnandi njengoko izandi, ngokwenene? Makhe sijonge inguqulelo Terms agudileyo ukusuka kudala ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

Brahman - ngubani na le nto? History kwaye babhale

Terms - a abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi (in Russian). Ngaphambili, i Brahmans ayenqula ngaphezu ngisho nababusi, ngenxa yokuba kuthiwe iinkokeli zokomoya, owayebhexesha umdlalo owawuphum abantu endleleni unqulo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha sethu, ukuba nayo wayehlonelwa, nangona ukuba asingabo bonke abantu babe status efanayo ukuze siphile ngokuvisisana nemithetho. Enyanisweni, isiko kweli xesha lethu ingathatha nabani na kwaye abe Brahmin, kodwa ke kubalulekile ukuba ulandele ezi izibhambathiso ngelixa kusenzeka esi siganeko.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha sethu, ukuba Brahmanism, ngokubanzi, kuza embalwa, kuba aba bantu ngokomoya ngakumbi kunokuba umntu abe ngumfuziselo emzimbeni lomntu.

E India mihla, abantu abaninzi kule ngokuphathelele ezi iiklasi nezazi kunye nolawulo. Noko ke, imfuneko kaninzi yenza Terms bahlukumeze iziseko bamandulo - khetha ukusebenza abendlu okanye amagosa ezincinane. Kwakhona bafumanisa phakathi abalimi Terms. Iqela eyahlukileyo (noYada) Brahmin ubomi kuphela abakhenkethi ukuba bayilize.

Abantu azalelwe ngokuphathelele of Terms, kufuneka imida ebekwa ngokuziswa kweencwadi ezikolweni zazo.

1. Brahman akakwazi ukuthatha ukutya ezandleni ezinye iindidi, kuba kuthathwa iklasi asezantsi. Kulo mzekelo, i Brahmin ngokwayo ukwabelana naye nabani na ukutya.
2. Brahman ayikwazi ukuthetha emisebenzini yezandla, ekubeni umsebenzi wakhe ngokomoya okanye ngokwasengqondweni.
3. Umtshato phakathi Brahmin kunye nabameli komnye umgangatho womntu akunakwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, lo Brahmin unelungelo ukukhetha iqabane umphefumlo evela kwenye kuluntu Brahmin.
4. Ezinye Terms musani kudla inyama.

Oonyana bolunye uhlanga Baqhula ukuba badwelisi ezininzi zamaNdiya Terms.

"Amasuntswana" Brahman na atman. Le kumhlali ngamnye, ukuqala ayinyani engqondweni. Atman and Brahman - yahlukile, kodwa engenakususwa. I AmaNdiya bakholelwa ukuba wonke umntu abe Undoqo profound, ukuba unako ukuyivula ndlela yo kuma ntsako. Nangona Brahmin yinto ngaphezu angayaziyo, oko kukuthi ngaphezu ukuqonda kunye nolwazi, le atman lufihlwe ngomntu wonke, zonke imbonakaliso wangaphandle olulawulwa nguwo.

Kwintanda-bulumko ubuHindu, nangona India ayikho kangako abaxhasi balo, usenalo inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo multi-inwebu hlula iindidi. Enyanisweni, naxa uKumkani ndhoka Indian bayamkela ubuBhuda njengoko unqulo karhulumente, le nkqubo ihleli injalo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba uyazinza eningenakukholwa kwinkqubo iinguqu ezinkulu.

-Bulumko yamaHindu, kukho uhlobo eziliqela uThixo

1. UThixo Brahman kubonwa njengequmrhu awungomntu. Emva kokuba afike kuyo, omnye ifikelele karhulumente nolonwabo, leyo kuthiwa (in Buddhism) Nirvana.
2. Paratigma na imbonakaliso ikuyo lukaThixo, olukuye zonke yinxalenye yehlabathi eziphathekayo.
3. Bhagavân - Ephakamileyo, esizibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo - cherry, Krishna, etc ...

Ngaphezu koko, nemisinga ezahlukeneyo zobuHindu ukuqonda unqulo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngoko uThixo ubuHindu akukho umfanekiso omnye.

isiphelo

Kweli nqaku, siye saxubusha ingqiqo ka "Brahmin" kunye ingqalelo ezinye iindidi, nto leyo kangangeenkulungwane wahlula yabemi India.