Tyurkskiy Kaganat, inkolo mosaic imbali

Simple impendulo yombuzo lonqulo, khanate zamaTurkic phantse nzima, ngoko multi-ohlalele mosaic kwenkcubeko, kuquka iinkolelo zonqulo, oko liqumrhu likarhulumente. Ngo AD, I nkulungwane indawo yamanje Central Asia, kukho iinkqubo entsonkothileyo yobuhlanga kunye namasiko elo lizwe wasukuma waza wawa ithi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka Tyurkskiy Kaganat. Unqulo kwexesha sokuqala karhulumente wayenxibe umlinganiswa confessional, kuquka iinkolelo ezininzi kwezizwe ezahlukeneyo owaba yinxalenye yale lizwe. Kwaye urhulumente ngokwayo udlule ngendlela entsonkothileyo, lwanele ngokuthi mbali ukwahlula ngokusesikweni izihlandlo ezibini ubukho karhulumente Turkish: Okokuqala Khanate, ebe ikhona iminyaka 551 ukuya 659, kwaye eyesibini - 679 - 744 iminyaka.

Ngelo xesha xa eyayisiza Tyurkskiy Kaganat, unqulo kuba yonke phantse izizwe mmandla wayengomnye - tengrizm. uthixo Ephakamileyo waba Tengri. Ngokutsho izazinzulu, imvelaphi eli gama linxulunyaniswa isithixo zamaSkitiya ukuba Liquka umfanekiso nangqondo hero Targitai kwaye zingumqondiso uthixo mkhulu iphela. Engachanekanga ukucinga ukuba Turks mandulo kwixesha pre-Islamic emimoyeni, nokuba ubuthixo yazo ephakamileyo yaba ingcuka. Yena njengento eliphuma kwezinye izizwe zamaTurkic, kodwa hayi zonke, abanye efanayo wayesoyikwa nengwe, inkomo, njl

umlando kwenza kube lula kakhulu ngokuchanekileyo langoku uchaze indawo abantu ', nto leyo ngenkulungwane ye-6th yenza isiseko karhulumente Turkish. Eli gunya yaqala yintoni na ngoku kwimpuma Turkmenistan, ngokuthe ngcembe uyanda, oko landa emazweni nje kuphela, kodwa ukuba imfundo ngakumbi nakwiinkcubeko ngakumbi. Kanye ngonyaka 551 yoyiswa Avars (sibulawe umlawuli wabo wokugqibela), inkokeli Turks wathabatha isihloko Bumyn Kagan. State kudala Turks yayo, ekuthiwa el Turk. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kuwo nawuphi na umcimbi imbali yezi zizwe ukwahlula phakathi kwezi ngongoma: umanyano zezizwe (chaza Turkish) kunye Turk (Turks State).

karhulumente Turkish - Tyurkskiy Kaganat, inkolo, inkcubeko - abanamava kwimbali yayo, amanye amaxesha isikhonkwane, enye apho, Kakade ke, ukwenziwa oonyana baka-Islam, ethe wenza kwiinkolo zabemi eyohlobo olulodwa ngakumbi. Ngaphambi koku, kwilizwe baseTurkey iinkolelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo yayixhaphakile. Nazi ezinye zazo. Buddhism waqalisa ukusasaza phakathi kwabantu Turkish ukusukela Chinese Turkestan. Kwathatha Uighurs, akwabizwa ukuba nkqu ayikho kuyizukisa nqanaba liphezulu. Ngoko kukho ibali malunga nendlela umlawuli Chinese Wong Kung (570-576) othunyelwe kwenye i Khans ubukhosi Bumin - Tapu Khan (573-583) izipho, yaye phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwakukho uguqulelo kulwimi Turkish le ncwadi engcwele "Nirvana Sutra". Phakathi kwabantu zamaTurkic ezisasazwa yasasazwa njengoko Mazdaism - uhlobo lwe wabhala, leyo ingqalelo afuzisela okulungileyo nokubi ubukho oothixo ababini,. Eyona ngokubanzi le nkolo kwenziwa Iran kunye nommandla eBukhara. Phakathi Turks babebambelele amahlelo ezahlukeneyo ubuKristu ingakumbi - Manichaeism, leyo njengoko inkolelo kwamiswa ngenxa iimfundiso Zarathustra ngokuncedisana ubuKristu ekuqaleni yasasazwa abathile wayengumshumayeli Iranian ogama Manichaean (kwezinye imithombo Islamic ibizwa ngokuba manęs). Ngenxa Manichaeism, phakathi baseTurkey, umzekelo, ngoku oonobumba engaqhelekanga. Phakathi Turks beseka ye Nestorians - uMphathi Byzantium, leyo hlukile iimbono zabo zonqulo evela mfundiso classical kwaye ngoko kwanyanzeleka ukuba bashiye isidima. Ukuze Turks bagqobhoza theosophy Confucius nokuba kufunyanwe iziqinisekiso zemfundo e-China waba eqhelekileyo kakhulu phakathi elite Turkish.

Xa waqalisa iba Tyurkskiy Kaganat, inkolo nayo unenzondelelo iinguqu ezinkulu, ikakhulu kwinqanaba neentlanga ukuba baye bakwazi ukuyila sokumiswa yabo kazwelonke.

Ngokomzekelo, kwavela 567, phantsi kolawulo Khan Bayan yaseAvar Khanate, unqulo Islam leyo ngaphambili, kwinkulungwane 8 yoyiswa amajoni Karla Velikogo, kwaye ngoko ke Hungarians, ekhokelela yokuba abantu yayo wathabatha ubuKatolika zakudala. Omnye umzekelo unqulo i Khazar Khanate, xa wayelilungu lohlanga, kwaba yobuhedeni. Emva kokuba ngokuwa khanate zamaTurkic, le Khazars - izizwe zamaTurkic yeqela Mongolian ukuguqula kubuYuda. Kwathi malunga nonyaka 679, ezokuqala ingakumbi ukholo omtsha amalungu akhutheleyo iqembu elibusayo, nalapho ixesha elithile waba ndanyanzeleka ukufihla oku ebantwini.

Ngoko ke, imbali abantu zamaTurkic lonqulo a interweaving gqolo ungquzulwano enkcubeko kunye nobuhlanga kunye zezopolitiko, leyo wazimisela mosaic iinkqubo zonqulo kummandla abahlala kuzo.