UAdolf Tolkachev, ummeli weCIA: i-biography, ukuboshwa, inkundla, isigwebo sokufa

Umzi waseKazakh waseAktyubinsk, apho uAdolp Georgievich Tolkachev wazalelwa ngoJanuwari 6, 1927, inhloli yexesha elizayo ayizange ikhumbule. Sekuneminyaka emibini ubudala, abazali bakhe bamyisa eMoscow, apho wayehlala khona ubomi bakhe bonke. Ngaphandle kwe-1948-1954, xa iTolkachev yafundiswa kwiKharkov Polytechnic Institute. Le nsizwa yaba yinjineli kwintsimi ye-radar. Urhulumente waseSoviet uxabisa abasebenzi abanjalo kwaye, ngexesha elifanayo, balawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo kwimisebenzi yabo. I-Tolkachev ngomyalelo wathunyelwa kwi-Institute of Research yoLwazi lwezoLwazi. Isixeko saseAktyubinsk, isixeko esizalwe sisixhobo seengcali, siye sahlala sidlulileyo - sasilindelwe iminyaka emisebenzini kumafama avaliweyo.

Umqalisi

UAdolf Tolkachev wazama ukuqala ukudibanisa nomhlali waseMerika ngowe-1977, xa wayesele eleminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Kwimfuneko yakhe, wayenokufikelela kumaxwebhu abalulekileyo anxulumene ne-Soviet "yoshishino lokukhusela." Ngengqiqo yolwazi lwangaphandle, loo mntu unolwazi unokuba ngumqeshwa obalulekileyo.

UAdolf Tolkachev wayeqonda ukuba kwakunzima kakhulu ukudibanisa neCIA kwiimeko zakhe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinkonzo ezikhethekileyo zalungiselela amanethiwekhi abo asebenzayo kumasebe awafuna. I-Tolkachev yayiyi-"initiator" - ummi wase-USSR ozinikele ekusebenzisaneni namaMerika. Ukujonga abaphathi be-CIA, waqala kufuphi ne-embassy. Ubulumko babenamanxeba phantsi kwengubo yezopolitiko. UAdolf Tolkachev washiya inqaku lakhe lokuqala kumaMerika phantsi kwe-windshield yomsila wemoto. Bala ukuba imoto yediplomate yayilula - bahamba ngeenqabile kwiimoto zase-Soviet zangaphandle.

Ileta engaziwa

Ngokungabaza kweCIA basabela kwinqaku elishiywe ngumlobi ongaziwa. Umbhali wathi unako ukufikelela kwimibhalo ebalulekileyo yempi kwaye ulungele ukusebenzisana namaMerika. Nangona kunjalo, i-intelligence ayizange ikholelwe ukuba inqaku lokuqala. Uluvo olunjalo lokungena kwiqhosha lukhangeleka kakhulu. I-CIA inesaba ukuba le ngxelo ingaba yinto ebonakalayo ye-KGB.

Kwiinkonzo ze-secretary zaseSoviet kwakungenalo ulwazi malunga namaqela aseMelika asebenze phantsi. Ukukhangela abaphikisanayo kuqhubeka imihla ngemihla, kwaye i-KGB iyakwazi ukushiya inqaku elingamanga lokuqinisekisa.

Ukuqhawula amatsha

Nangona i-backback yokuqala, uAdolf Tolkachev wayephikelela. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa washiya enye inqaku. Sele sele iqulethe ulwazi olungabalulekanga malunga neendlela ezithile ze-Soviet system. Le nto yayingolwazi oluxabisekileyo, okwakungakafiki amaMerika. Nangona kunjalo, eli phepha alizange liqinisekise intloko yeCIA Stensfield Turner.

I-Tolkachev ayengeke akwazi ukuthetha kunye nolwazi lwangaphandle, ukuba kwakungekho yeqhinga lomhlali waseGardenner Hathaway. Akazange abelane ngemibono yabaphathi bakhe kwaye wayesaba ukuba iCIA ingaphuthelwa ibhotshi ebalulekileyo kuye. Ngenxa yoko, emva kwesinye isaziso, uHathaway wathumela i-telegram edidiyelwe kwikomkhulu laseLangley, ecela imvume yokubiza inombolo eboniswa ngumntu ongaziwa mntu. Emva kokungathandabuzeki, u-Turner ekugqibeleni wanikezela phambili. U-Hateuyu unethamsanqa - nje nge-CIA evela kwi-Pentagon yeza imemorandam-iSebe lezoKhuseleko lase-United States livakalise umdla kubo nayiphi na ulwazi malunga nobuchwepheshe be-redio yeSoviet.

Ukuqhagamshelana kokuqala

Abemi baseMerika bafonela iTolkachev kunye neCandelo leNkampani yeRadio yashiya umqulu ophethe uluhlu lwemibuzo malunga neRussia yaseRussia. Amagcisa abukele ngenyameko esuka kwiifestile zemoto yakhe, njengokuba umntu osekhulile kunye nomntu ongathandekiyo ngexesha elimisiweyo wathabatha umthwalo owenzelwe yona.

Iveki idlulileyo. Umbhali ongaziwa ngokufanayo ngendlela efanayo washiya amaMerika ngempendulo yakhe. Xa i-CIA ihlalutye idatha, kwacaca ukuba kwakungenakukwazi ukuthetha ngomgibe weGGB. Ulwazi olutsha malunga nama-radars lwaluxabiseke kakhulu kwaye luleke ngokubalulekileyo ukuba "abazinikeleyo" abayi kubakho mngcipheko ukuba bachonge intshaba yokuhlola intshaba.

Sphere

Ekuqaleni kuka-1979 uTolkachev wadibana nomhlali waseMerika. Ummeli osanda kutyunjwa weCIA ufumene uphawu lwefowuni "Sphere" (le ngonyameko yonyulwa ngenxa yokuba kwileta loo mntu uthetha malunga nokufikeleleka kolwazi malunga nokuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yokutshatyalaliswa okujoliswe kwi-hemisphere ephantsi). U-Tolkachev naye wathi wayeza kunika imidwebo ye-radar entsha, eyayiza kufumana i-speed-speed MiG-25 kungekudala.

Ixabiso leenkqubo ezichazwe yi-ejenti yokuvolontiya yayinemibala. I-radar enjalo yeSoviet yavumela i-moya ukuba ilandele izixhobo ezinobhenqo ezincinane kunye neentshaba zeentshaba eziphezulu. Kuze kube ngoku, akukho njengaye ekho kwi-USSR. Ukukhuseleka kwama-radars asekudala aseSoviet kwenza amaMerika ukuba asebenzise ngokufanelekileyo ukuqhuma kweebhomu kunye neendlela zokuphucula iinqwelo zokuhamba ezihamba ngaphaya kwendawo yokujonga izixhobo zintshaba.

Iinjongo ze-arhente

Kuyathakazelisa ukuba uTolkachyov, kwelinye leencwadi zakhe zokuqala, ngokwakhe ubeke isicwangciso sesikhathi eside sokusebenza neCIA. Wayefuna ukudlulisela amaxwebhu ahlukanisiweyo iminyaka eyi-12. Yonke imisebenzi yahlula yaba ngamaqhosha asixhenxe. UTolkachev wachaza ngokucacileyo ukuba yimaphi amaphepha kwaye xa wayeza kunxibelelana naye.

Isicwangciso segosa sibonise ubunzulu beenjongo zakhe. Injini yayilungiselela ukuqhagamshelana kokuqala namaMerika ixesha elide. Wabhala ukuba wayeya kwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokwenzeka kwiSoviet Union. Ukutshintshwa kwemifanekiso eyimfihlo kwakungamthinteli ithuba lokubuya kwaye ulibale ngeli bali, kodwa uTolkachev akayi kubuya.

Impumelelo yeCIA

Namhlanje, iingcali-mlando zeengcali zikholelwa ukuba iTolkachev yi-arhente ebaluleke kakhulu ye-CIA yobukho bobuhlali baseMerika e-USSR. Ukubaluleka kwamaxwebhu awanikezelwa livolontiya kwakukunjalo nangokuncedwa kwale mihla yokugqibela, amaMelika akwazi ukugcina imali eninzi. Ukusebenzisana neCIA, uTolkachev wathola imali ngemali yeRuble yeSoviet. Ukongezelela, egameni lakhe, i-akhawunti yavulwa kwibhanki yaseMerika, malunga neerandi ezimbini zeedola (kwakunokuba luncedo xa igosa liwela ngaphesheya kwezilwandle). Isibalo esikhulu kumlinganiselo wobomi bomntu. Nangona kunjalo, kwi -budget yase-US yebhajethi, yayingenangqiqo xa kuthelekiswa nemali eyayingasetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo kwiintambo zeengalo kunye ne-USSR.

Iinkonzo zezobuhlakani zaseMelika zeepennies ezimbalwa zanikela umkhosi wazo inzuzo eyongeziweyo ngaphezu kotshaba. Nangona imfazwe phakathi kwe-USSR ne-US ayizange kwenzeke, idatha kwi-radar kunye neenqwelo eziya ePentagon isasebenza. Abantu baseMerika babelana ngeemfihlelo ezixabisekileyo kunye namaSirayeli, alwa nama-Arabhu kuma-80s, awamabutho akhe alawulwa yi-Soviet technology. Emva kokufumana ulwazi olubalulekileyo, i-Allied defense defense yaqala ukudubula ngokukhawuleza iinqwelo ezifunyenwe ngabachasi babo kwi-USSR.

Curator yeTolkachev

Udibaniswe ne "Sphere" nguJohn Gilsher, owathi ngethuba lokuqala kwintlanganiso wayengu-47 ubudala. Abazali bakhe babengamaRussia abathembekileyo, obomi babo babhujiswa yi-Revolution yeKhoptizi. Bathuthela eMelika, apho uJohn wazalwa khona. Wayeyazi isiRashiya ngokugqibeleleyo, nangona wayethetha ngegama likaBaltic. Ngaphambi kokumazi kunye neTolkachev, uGilsher sele sele ethatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo ebalulekileyo yeenkonzo zaseMelika ezizodwa. Wayebandakanyeka ekubonakaleni "kwinqanaba laseBerlin" kunye nophuhliso lwe-Oleg Penkovsky.

I-KGB yayilandelwa ngokusondeleyo nguGilsheer. Kwindlu yakhe kwakuyi-wiretapper. Ngesinye isikhathi, uGilcher waqaphela nokuba ingubo yakhe yaphela njani kwikhabhinethi - amaRashiya ayifake ukuba ifake imakrofoni, kodwa yenza loo nto. Nangona inzala yeenkonzo ezikhethekileyo zaseSoviet kuye, nguye nguye okhethwe yintloko yentloko yaseMoscow njengesiqhagamshelwano kunye neTolkachev.

Iintlanganiso ezinobungozi

Injineli uTolkachev Adolf Georgievich wadibana noGilsherom ngezihlandlo ezininzi. I-arhente ebhaliweyo kunye nezinto ezininzi zefilimu. Ngombulelo kwisikhundla sakhe, wayenakho ukufikelela kwiincwadi ezizodwa kwilayibrari ye-All-Union Scientific Research Institute. I-Tolkachev ifunyenwe ngamaxwebhu asetyenziswa ngokusemthethweni phantsi kwesayineli "Kubaluleke kakhulu" kunye "neNgcaciso ephezulu", yawathatha ekhaya yaza yafotshwa khona kwikhamera yePentax ifakwe kwisihlalo sokudlela.

UGilsher wayeyinkosi yokuzalwa kwakhona kwaye wenza umsebenzi olinganayo. Ukuze afike kwindawo ye-intlanganiso eyimfihlo engaqondakaliyo, wafika kuqala kwi-ambassy kwiqela lesidlo, wayesuka apho emnyango wangemuva, wangena emotweni eyilungisiwe, apho wajika waba yinto ebonakalayo ye-Soviet proletariat. Emva kokuba iGilcher efake imali kunye namaphepha ngemifanekiso ebhaliweyo kwindawo yokwakha engcolileyo, eyayifihla kwindawo yocingo. UTolkachev akazange amkele izinto ezishiywe kuye. Umlondolozi wayehlala ephantsi kwe-KGB. Unako ukukhansela intlanganiso yakhe, ukuba wayibona ukuba yayingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokuzingela "ngaphandle". Emva koko uGilcher wamisa i-hood ehlangeneyo, ebonisa ukuba i-agent kufuneka ihambe. Kwimeko yokubhengezwa, isigwebo sokufa sisongelwa ngumntu wonke, ngoko bekufuneka ukuba uqhagamshelane nokuqaphela okukhulu.

IiCassette kunye ne-rock'n'roll kunye namacandelo angeniswayo

UTolkachev wayeqonda ukuba akanako ukuchitha imali eninzi kuma-Amerika (nangona wathola i-ruble engama-789,000 ngemali). Ukuphila emanzini abanzi kwakunobungozi - ukuziphatha okungcolileyo kungenza umdla kwiKGB. Ngoko iTolkachev iholele indlela elula yokuphila. Wayenemoto yakhe kunye ne-dacha, kodwa konke oku kubangelwa nguye ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu kwiziko lophando. Ukuchasana nokuhamba kwemali enkulu eyenziwa kwiCIA. Kwakuyimali eyadla ngokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwamagosa. Ukuxiliswa kwemali kwaye kukhokelela ukungakhathali. Ukongezelela, ukuchitha kwabo eMoscow, ukuhlupheka ngenxa yokungaphumeleli, kwakungenakulungeleka.

Ufuna ukwazi ezinye iindlela ezingezona ezezimali amaMerika ahlawule kunye ne-arhente yabo. Unyana ka-Adolp Tolkachev (ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-80 wayeselula) wayemthanda umculo waseNtshona, okwakunzima kakhulu ukufumana kwi-USSR. Emva kokufunda oku, abahlali baqala ukutshintshela kwi-"Sphere" i-cassette kunye nedwala kunye ne-rock. I-Tolkachev nayo yacela iincwadi ezinqabileyo ezinolwazi, amayeza, iilusi ezingenisekanga endaweni yengcaciso yakhe. Eyesaba ukukhusela kwakhe, wacela abantu baseMelika ukuba bafumane i-capsule enetyhefu kwimeko yeGGB. I-CIA yenqabile ukunika ubuthi.

Ukubanjwa

Ngo-1980, uJohn Gilsher wamkela ukuqeshwa ngokutsha waza wasuka eMoscow. Nangona kunjalo uTolkachev waqhubeka esebenzisana neCIA. Kodwa nge-entsha inxibelelwano yayingenangqondo. Kwakungu-Edward Lee Howard. Ngowe-1983, emva kokutshekisha kwi-polygraph, i-CIA yafunda ukuba yayisebenzisa iziyobisi ngaphambi komsebenzi kwiinkonzo ezizodwa. Ihlazo lakhokelela ekugxothweni. U-Howard onomsindo waqhagamshelana neKGB waza wanika iKomiti amagama eentlola eziliqela ezazisebenzela amaMelika. Phakathi kwabo kwakunguAdolp Tolkachev.

Ifilimu ebonwayo malunga necala lakhe njengenxalenye yeprojekthi ye-Traitors (ebanjwe ngu-Andrei Lugovoy) yayiqulethe iindibano zabantu ababandakanyekayo ekubanjweni komsebenzi wophando. Ukuvalelwa kwenzeka ngoJuni 1985. UTolkachev, ongafumani netyhefu evela kwiCIA, akanakuzibulala. Amajoni ase-Alpha, ambethe emotweni, ngokukhawuleza anqumle iimpahla ze-spy, efuna i-ampule efihlakeleyo yobunyoyi.

Inkundla kunye nokuqhutywa

Igosa elibanjwe alizange likhanyele kwaye kwangoko lavuma yonke into. Watshitshisa ukudubula phantsi kwemiqathango yecandelo leentlawulo "Ukhohlakele." UTolkachev waqala ukucela uxolo. Wayekulindelwe isigwebo sokufa, kwaye phantsi kwezi meko i-spy yayiya kuvuya nakweyiphi na ixesha.

Uphando kunye nenkundla yahlala ngaphezu konyaka. Ubugcisa. Iimfuno ezingama-64 zifuna umsebenzi oqinileyo weemimandla ezininzi ukusuka kwintelligence ukuya kutshutshiso. Emva kokubanjwa kwe-Sphere, i-KGB yakwazi ukujonganisa ininzi yale nethiwekhi. Ngokukodwa, umgcini uPeter Stroumbach naye wabanjwa. Ixesha le-ejenti ngokwalo liye lasisombulula ngexesha lokubanjwa kwakhe. Ngokwe-Art. I-64 yeNkqubo yePalamende ye-RSFSR yagwetywa isigwebo esininzi. Ukudubula kwenzeka ngoSeptemba 24, 1986.