Cardiology. kwemithambo yenhliziyo - ubomi bomntu

Intliziyo okunempilo ibizwa ngokuba nomelele, besebenza ngokuqhubekekayo yaye ngaphandle komzimba kokuphazanyiswa. Ubukhulu balo elivumelana ubungakanani ngenqindi oluntu kwaye inobunzima malunga namakhulu amahlanu grams. Ukongeza umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuqinisekisa yesiqhelo (izinzile) flow igazi, ukuba liyakwazi ukumelana neemfuno eziguqukayo zeli eziphilayo rhoqo.

Ukusebenza njengoko Impompo ndlela-kabini, intliziyo inika igazi lokuhamba wonke umzimba. Esebenzisa eludongeni dystrophy (ekudibaneni) ukuba yahlulwe kubini. isiqingatha nganye iqulathe amagumbi amabini (imithambo kunye ventricles).

Intendelezo Ilungelo ufumana igazi lonke iinxalenye ezisezantsi neziphezulu umzimba. Ngokutsho ivalve tricuspid igazi iya ventricle ekunene, leyo, ngenxa ivelufa stem ukukhanya iimpompo kuyo igazi. Mpilo, iyithumele intendelezo ekhohlo. Ukusuka apho phezu ivalve mitral igazi iya ventricle ngasekhohlo, nto leyo ivalve aortic isasaze igazi wonke umzimba. Ekuxhobiseni umzimba ioksijini, oko olusele, kwakhona uza kungena intendelezo ekunene.

kwemithambo Heart uvula kwicala elinye "iingcango" phakathi kwamagumbi. Hayi nje baxhasa ukukhuthazwa igazi phambili, kodwa ukuthintela intshukumo yayo umva. kwemithambo yenhliziyo okunempilo kufuneka ezinamagqabi, kuqulethe ezingcakacileyo, uhlobo bhetyebhetye izicwili eqhelekileyo. Xa intliziyo ekhululekile kunye izinciphiso nokuvula nokuvala kwenzeka kakuhle.

Birth iziphene kungabangela ngezifo. kwemithambo Heart zinokugutyungelwa kunye namabala okanye ezonakeleyo ngenxa zosulelo, samathambo, izifo ilifa, isifo sentliziyo. Umonakalo ukuba kwabangelwa ngamandla iminyaka yabantu. Abo kakhulu olusemngciphekweni ivalve mitral. Xa oku kwenzeka reguritatsiya (regurgitation mitral), apho kukho ukuvuza igazi ivalve kwicala umva emva komhla wokuvala kwemithambo. Kulo mzekelo, lo umsebenzi intliziyo iba kakhulu ngakumbi - oko uzama ukusebenzisa isixa eziyimfuneko igazi emzimbeni ukumelana ukusilela. Ukonakala kwemithambo ngentliziyo kwaye ziquka stenosis (licuthe ivelufa lokuvula), apho igazi udlula ivalve embi. Kulo mzekelo, njengokuba umzimba uqala ukusebenza nzima ukuba igazi ngokwaneleyo kwikroba lokuvula elimxinwa. Loo imimoya ezongezelelweyo entliziyweni buthathaka kwalo, uyawafikisa ukwandisa kwaye libangela izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu abatya amayeza ayimfuneko kwaye phantsi kweliso unyango olufanelekileyo, kunye nesifo sentliziyo, ukuphila ubomi obupheleleyo. Noko ke, oko kuyenzeka ukuba amachiza musa azise nayiphi na isiphumo okanye eyingozi empilweni. Kuxhomekeka kwimeko, ugqirha unakho ukumisela nokubuyiselwa okanye isivalo angoozenzele mitral. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko deformations kakhulu okanye recovery umonakalo akuyi kuzisa iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo. Kwimeko ingakumbi nzima enjalo, kufuneka intliziyo valve replacement. yokungenelela Surgical iyafuneka uhlaselo iimpawu ukusilela intliziyo ezingapheliyo kunye ukuhla okubonakalayo ejection igazi ventricle ekhohlo (iSystolic kwekhono).

Kuvuselelwa (sokubuyiselwa, iplastiki) ye ivelufa lwenziwa ukugcinwa yentliziyo yakhe vana. Kulo mzekelo, emva kokuba umsebenzi ayikho imfuneko yokuba yokwamkela rhoqo igazi-olindelwe amayeza isigulane.

With engenamandla, efanele ukuba balungise amisele replacement (zokufakelwa) vana. Ukulungiselela le njongo, mechanical (enziweyo) okanye bemvelo (tissue) zitho.

kwemithambo yenhliziyo Mechanical zinokuthenjwa kakhulu kwaye ixesha elide, musa ukuba indawo. Noko ke, kufuneka ethile ebalulekileyo - ukuze kuthintelwe coagulation kwegazi, isigulana emva kotyando yalatha esihambelanayo imithi ubomi.

zitho eziphilayo ezenziwe iikhemikhali iintliziyo zezilwanyana lwamaqhezu (amahashe, iinkomo okanye iihagu). Emva kokufakwa inwebu vana afakelweyo ukuba isigulane na amayeza, ithinasi igazi emiselweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ubomi wenkonzo afakelweyo ulinganiselwe ngexesha, yaye emva kwexesha elithile (iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu) ibhuqiwe, okubangela kunokwenzeka operation yesibini.